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Beginning of American History

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2200 B.C. - 1607 A.D.

Characteristics:

1. Oral literature: epic narratives, creation myths, stories, poems, songs.

2. Use stories to teach moral lessons and convey practical information about the natural world.

3. Deep respect for nature and animals.

4. Cyclical worldview.

5. Figurative language/parallelism.

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N/A

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10th Century: The vikings i.e. Leif Erikson found North America and was the first civilization on North America that wasn't the Natives.

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1000-1520 A.D.: Mississippian culture arises within North America

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2200 B.C.—Tower of Babel (Genesis 11:1-9)

1607—Early settlement at Jamestown

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Puritanism and Early Settlement  of First American Colonies 

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Puritanism and Early Settlement  of First American Colonies 

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(1600-1800)

1. Wrote mostly diaries and histories, which expressed the connections between God and their everyday lives.
2. South to "purify" the Church of England by reforming to the simpler forms of worship and church organization described in the New Testament.
3. Saw religion as a personal, inner experience.
4. Believed in original sin and "elect" who would be saved.
5. Used a plain style of writing.

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William Bradford
-"Of Plymouth Plantation"

Anne Bradstreet (poetry)

John Edwards
-"Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God"

Edward Taylor
-"Huswifery"

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London Company first landed in Virginia, on 12/20/1606, but it wasn't the first attempt at exploiting America's resources.

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The Europeans originally turned to slavery upon seeing the Spaniards enslave the Native Americans, so they traded for Africans to do their labor.

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1507: Early Settlement of the first American colonies - Jamestown

1692: Salem Witch Trials

1741: Jonathan Edwards "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God"

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Rationalism, A.K.A "The Age of Reason" or "The Age of Enlightenment"

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Rationalism, A.K.A "The Age of Reason" or "The Age of Enlightenment"

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(17th Century)

1. Mostly comprised of philosophers, scientists, writing speeches and pamphlets

2. Human beings can arrive at truth (God's rules) by using deductive reasoning, rather than relying on the authority of the past, on religious faith, or intuition

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Benjamin Franklin
—Autobiography

Patrick Henry
—"Speech to the Virginia Convention"

Thomas Paine
—"The Crisis"

Phyllis Wheatley
—poetry

The Constitution

The Bill of Rights

The Declaration of Independence

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By the beginning of the 17th century, the original 13 colonies transitioned into permanent settlements.

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Virginia was the most populous of the British colonies in America with a population of 59,000.

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1775-1783 Revolutionary War

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(1840-1860)

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Ralph Waldo Emerson
—Nature
—"Self-Reliance"

Henry David Thoreau
—Walden
—Life in the Woods

Louisa May Alcott
—Little Women

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The literary scene during this period was overtaken by the "Brahmins", a group of New England Harvard Professors: notably Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Oliver Wendell Holmes, and James Russell Lowell.

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During this period, the famous writer Herman Melville emerged. Famous for writing the book known worldwide, Moby Dick.

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1840-1860
Transcendentalism

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1800-1860

1. Valued feeling, intuition, idealism, and inductive reasoning.

2. Placed faith in inner experience and the power of the imagination.

3. Shunned the artificiality of civilization and sought unspoiled nature as a path to spirituality.

4. Championed individual freedom and the worth of the individual

5. Saw poetry as the highest expression of the imagination

6. Dark Romantics: used dark and supernatural themes/settings (Gothic style)

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Washington Irving

—"Rip van Winkle"

Emily Dickinson

—poetry

Walt Whitman

—Leaves of Grass

Edgar Allan Poe

—"The Raven"

Nathaniel Hawthorne

—The Scarlet Letter

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It was around this era, specifically 1813, that the widespread idea of manifest destiny arose via John O'Sullivan a newspaper editor.

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On April 30th, 1803, President Thomas Jefferson purchased Louisiana, doubling the size of the U.S. at the time.

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Hawthorne's son, John Hawthorne, was one of three judges that was at the Salem Witchcraft Trials.

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Nathaniel Hawthorne expressed his bitterness in losing his job through the writing of The Scarlet Letter.

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The War of 1812

1812-1815

California Gold Rush

1848-1855

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1950's

The period of McCarhyism is stemmed from the actions of U.S. senator Joseph McCarthy, who attacked other people of repute, accusing them of communism, homosexuality, and others.

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1950's

McCarthy gained his prominence as a finder of communists when President Truman ordered background checks on every U.S. citizen in service to the government when it was found that Alger Hiss was guilty of espionage, a high ranking state official.

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In 1993, Maya Angelou wrote the award winning poem "On the Pulse of Morning" which was composed for the inauguration of President Bill Clinton.

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Maya Angelou traveled to Africa once she joined the Herlem Writers Guild, visiting Cairo and Ghana.

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When Crane's father died in 1880, his mother had to raise him, and his 14 other siblings, despite this, he was still able to attend college and acquire a degree in writing.

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In 1897, due to his fascination a a war writer, Crane went to Cuba upon the ship "Commodore", which had been sunken and Crane was then reported to have drowned, yet he was found to have rowed to shore on a dinghy, having also saved the captain, cook, and oiler, also escaping with a belt of gold.

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The origin of Geisel's(Dr. Seuss) pen name, came from his surname(Seuss) and the Dr. part originates from his incompleted doppctorate degree.

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When WWII began, he shiofted to making political cartoons, often poking fun at America's isolationism during the beginning of the war, and at Japanese people for the attack of Pearl Harbor.

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The day after the Tiananmen Square Protests, an unknown man stood in front of the tanks driving into the city, halting them, he said “Why are you here? My city is in chaos because of you.”

He is only known as "Tank Man"

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Aquino ran in the elections against Ferdinand Marcos in the Philippines in 1986, to stand against his rule.