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Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA)

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Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA)

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The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) of 1965 was signed by President Lyndon Johnson to bring a focus on an educational opportunity for all (Paul, 2016). In my opinion, this act helped to initiate a change in education for underprivileged children. The ESEA brought forth grants to expand programs geared to the education of students with difficulties, whether that be financially, emotionally, and/or physically. (Wright & Wright, 2021). The ESEA of 1965 was the first act passed of this kind, but people will soon see other changed being made to better the education field.

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The Education for all Handicapped Act of 1975

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The Education for all Handicapped Act of 1975

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The Education for all Handicapped Act of 1975 was passed by congress to ensure all children would be provided an equal opportunity of an education (Wright & Wright, 2021). This act is now considered the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, or IDEA. It is seen widely throughout the field of education. This act stablished that educators and relating agencies would be held accountable if an equal education was not provided for all children despite possible disabilities (Wright & Wright, 2021). In my opinion, I believe this act was very important as it began to hold failing agencies responsible for the possible discrimination against students with disabilities. I think this act has had a lasting impact as it continues to hold agencies and corporations accountable for unequal treatment.

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The Americans with Disabilities Act, or ADA, was enacted in 1990. This act ensures that any person with a physical or mental disability still have rights to fully participate in society ("Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, As Amended"). I believe this act potentially opened the eyes of educational leaders to the reality that students, too, deserve an equal right in the realm of education. The ADA of 1990 had a goal of eliminating discrimination of those with disabilities ("Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, As Amended"). While I am sure there are still some forms of discrimination against people with disabilities, I believe this act was one of many that aided in creating equal and safe education for those with difficulties.

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In 2001, the ESEA was revamped into the No Child Left Behind Act, or NCLBA. This revamping was to further ensure that all children had "a fair, equal, and significant opportunity to obtain high-quality education" (Wright & Wright, 2021). I think the change of the ESEA to the NCLBA was significant for education in America. This change led to special education teachers having to meet higher teaching requirements which then allowed them to give all students the best chance at education despite their learning difficulties.

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On December 10, 2015, President Obama signed Every Student Succeeds Act, or ESSA. This act was originally known as the ESEA which was then revamped to the NCLBA in 2001. However, many parts concerning accountability were removed which led to the establishment of the ESSA in 2015 (Wright & Wright, 2015). With the NCLBA, states were primarily concerned with how a school was doing in regard to test scores. However, the EESA allows states to look at more than just test scores in regard to how students are growing within their education (Jones). In my opinion, this act is amazing because it allows students to portray their educational growth in multiple areas instead of one standard way in which they may or may not struggle.

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Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, As Amended. ADA.gov. Retrieved January 15, 2024, from https://www.ada.gov/law-and-regs/ada/

Jones, L. The Difference Between the Every Student Succeed Act and the No Child Left Behind Act. Understood. Retrieved January 15, 2024, from https://www.understood.org/articles/the-difference-between-the-every-student-succeeds-act-and-no-child-left-behind

Paul, C. A. (2020). Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. VCU Libraries. Retrieved January 15, 2024, from https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/elementary-and-secondary-education-act-of-1965/

Wright, P. W., & Wright, P. D. (2021, October 18). The History of Special Education in the United States. Wirghtslaw. Retrieved January 15, 2024, from https://www.wrightslaw.com/law/art/history.spec.ed.law.htm