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Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the United States. HPV vaccines can prevent some of the health effects HPV causes. This fact sheet answers basic questions about HPV.

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The virus is transferred primarily by skin to skin contact. Genital HPV infections are contracted through sexual intercourse, anal sex and other skin-to-skin contact in the genital region. Some HPV infections that result in oral or upper respiratory lesions are contracted through oral sex

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These appear as flat lesions, small cauliflower-like bumps or tiny stemlike protrusions. In women, genital warts appear mostly on the vulva but can also occur near the anus, on the cervix or in the vagina. In men, genital warts appear on the penis and scrotum or around the anus.

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The risk of HPV transmission to the baby during childbirth is very low. Even if babies do get the HPV virus, their bodies usually clear the virus on their own. Most of the time, a baby born to a woman with genital warts does not have HPV-related complications

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HPV can cause cervical and other cancers, including cancer of the vulva, vagina, penis, or anus. It can also cause cancer in the back of the throat (called oropharyngeal cancer). This can include the base of the tongue and tonsils. Cancer often takes years, even decades, to develop after a person gets HPV.

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Treatment depends on stage. There's no cure for the virus and warts may go away on their own. Treatment focuses on removing the warts. A vaccine that prevents the HPV strains most likely to cause genital warts and cervical cancer is recommended for boys and girls.

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This image is an image of HPV on a hand.

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This is a great demonstration on how we can help improve HPV Vaccination Rates.

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• There are more than 100 types of HPV.

• Different strands of HPV cause different types of cancer.

• HPV is causing a rapid rise in oropharyngeal cancer.

• HPV is a virus, and your body fights in like any other virus.

• The HPV Vaccine is not just for children.

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If you've been diagnosed with HPV, you can still lead a relatively normal life. However, it's important to protect yourself and your sexual partners by, using condoms, when having sex. It’s essential to reduce the risk of transmitting HPV.