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How is Sickle-Cell Anemia passed from one generation to the next?

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How is Sickle-Cell Anemia passed from one generation to the next?

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1. Sickle-Cell Anemia isn’t sex-linked. It is autosomal which means it has to do with the genotypes.

2. The both parents have to either heterozygous or one can be heterozygous and the other can be recessive. If a parents is Dominant then then the offspring will not have the disease but can be a carrier.

https://www.healthline.com/health/sickle-cell-dominant-or-recessive#takeaway

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How common is this genetic disorder?

People of African descent, including African-Americans (among whom 1 in 12 carries a sickle cell gene)

Hispanic-Americans from Central and South America

People of Middle Eastern, Asian, Indian, and Mediterranean descent. Are certain groups of people more likely to inherit

this disorder?

Approximately 70,000 to 100,000 Americans

https://www.hematology.org/education/patients/anemia/sickle-cell-disease#:~:text=Sickle%20cell%20disease%20is%20more,from%20Central%20and%20South%20America

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The only cure for sickle cell disease is a bone marrow or stem cell transplant.

https://www.michigan.gov/-/media/Project/Websites/mdhhs/Folder3/Folder51/Folder2/Folder151/Folder1/Folder251/Sickle_Cell_Facts.pdf?rev=bcad997aaf7542629c32cea584ac1ffc#:~:text=The%20only%20cure%20for%20sickle,marrow%20or%20stem%20cell%20transplant.&text=receives%20two%20sickle%20cell%20genes%20–%20one%20from%20EACH%20parent.&text=associated%20with%20people%20of%20African,Mediterranean%20decent%2C%20and%20even%20Caucasian.

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What is the genotype for people with this condition?

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What is the genotype for people with this condition?

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1. Recessive

2. Codominace

3. HBB Gene-creates hemoglobin which is a mutated version of beta-globin. Hemoglobin lies within red blood cells and meshes to oxygen molecules in the lungs.

https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/hbb/#:~:text=The%20HBB%20gene%20provides%20instructions,located%20inside%20red%20blood%20cells.

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What is the phenotype for people with this condition?

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What is the phenotype for people with this condition?

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The phenotype for people with this condition is sickle crescent shaped red blood cells caused by abnormal hemoglobin. It’s expressed as autosomal recessive, so inheriting two mutated hemoglobin genes, one from each parent. Some symptoms are periodic episodes of severe pain, fatigue, jaundice, swelling, frequent infections, stroke, and acute chest syndrome. Cell trait (also known as being a carrier) occurs when a person has one gene for sickle hemoglobin and one gene for normal hemoglobin. Approximately one in ten African-Americans carries sickle cell trait. People who are carriers generally do not have any medical problems and lead normal lives. If you are a carrier you cannot develop sickle cell disease.Like height and eye color, a person inherits genes that produce hemoglobin from each parent. It is important to identify people who are carriers of an abnormal hemoglobin so they will be aware of their risk of having children with sickle cell disease. If both parents are carriers of sickle cell trait or another hemoglobin change (like hemoglobin C), there is a 25% (or 1 in 4) chance that they will have a child with sickle cell disease. The couple also has a 25% chance of having a child with regular hemoglobin (AA) and a 50% chance of having a child with a hemoglobin trait like the parents.

http://www.idph.state.il.us/HealthWellness/sicklecell.htm#:~:text=Sickle%20cell%20trait%20(also%20known,problems%20and%20lead%20normal%20lives.