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- created by Wilhelm Wundt at the University of Leipzig, Germany
- They began the study of human behavior, emotions, and cognition

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1883 - First American Psychology Laboratory

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1883 - First American Psychology Laboratory

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- Created by G. Stanley (a student of Wundt)
- Lab created at Johns Hopkins University

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- student of G. Stanley Hall - J. Jastrow
- Education is crucial for the growth and influence of the large population; therefore, this step progressed the study of Psychology to where it is now.

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1892 - The American Psychological Association Founded

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1892 - The American Psychological Association Founded

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- created by G. Stanely
- This was a monumental event used to shape the creation, communication and application of psychological knowledge to benefit society and improving the lives of the public.
- Today, the APA is the largest scientific and professional psychological organization in the United States.

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1894 - First Women Granted PHD of Psychology 

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1894 - First Women Granted PHD of Psychology 

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- M. Washburn was granted the official first woman to receive her doctorate in Psychology even though Calkins had technically earned her doctorate at Harvard in 1894 but the university trustees refused to grant her the degree.

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Functionalism
- W. James and J. Dewey advocated for functionalism through "The Reflex Arc Concept in Psychology" to focus on the acts and functions of the mind rather than the internal conflicts.
Structuralism
- E. Titchener lead structuralism through his "Outline of Psychology" explaining the view that all mental processes can be simplified as a combination of simple elements or events contrasting functionalism.
Psychoanalysis
- S. Freud introduced the idea that people are motivated by their unconscious drives and conflicts and studied through free association and dream analysis.

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- M. W. Calkins
- This event was monumental in increasing support for female education in Psychology throughout the nation.

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- John B. Watson drew attention to the concept of behaviorism by publishing "Psychology as Behavior".
- It began the conversation contrasting Freud's theories,  specifically in psychoanalysis. It explained that when behavior is observed, connections can be drawn through observable events.

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1920 - First African American earns Doctorate in Psychology 

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1920 - First African American earns Doctorate in Psychology 

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- Francis C. Sumner at Clark University
- dissertation titled "Psychoanalysis of Freud and Adler"
- This event demonstrates the monumental societal and social reform in America at the beginning of the Civil Rights Movement.
- This led the way for great movement allowing all minorities to have a role in the education of Psychology and beyond.

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- Introduced a more compassionate approach to treatment of mental illness through psychologic and psychiatric treatment styles.

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- This event emphasized the benefits of group and community style of therapy as well as the acknowledgment of a difficult problem in American history, alcoholism.
- It also paved the way for the creation of many more nationwide drug addiction treatment/therapy organizations.

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1946 - National Mental Health Act Passed

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1946 - National Mental Health Act Passed

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- The first time a U.S. President (specifically Truman) acknowledged and provided national funding for psychiatric education and research.
- It led to many more bills passed by Truman acknowledging the mental health crisis and necessary funding for the psychology education.

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1953- APA Ethical Standards and Code of Conduct

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1953- APA Ethical Standards and Code of Conduct

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- Mandates of ethical psychological treatment and research
- The Little Albert Experiment conducted in 1920 was one example of an unethical psychology related experiment leading to the creation of the APA Ethical Standards and Code of Conduct.

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Biopsychology:
- W. Penfield uncovered the connection between chemical activity in the brain and its psychological effect.
Psychopharmacology:
- FDA approved treatments for mental illness and psychoactive drugs and the first anti-anxiety medications were prescribed
Humanistic Psychology:
- C. Rogers and A. Maslow through publishing "Motivation and Personality" - acknowledging the conscious mind, freewill, human dignity, and self actualization

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- G. Miller and his "The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two" introduced the phenomenon of cognitive psychology.
- Miller's article then led to the inclusion of cognitive psychology in the 7 perspectives of psychology used throughout years of psychology education and research.

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- P. Zimbardo began the experiment with mock arrests of college student volunteers who played a role in a prison simulation.
- Over many days, the guards became increasingly verbally abusive leading to an early termination of the experiment.
- The results were used to analyze human behavior and behavioral change positively and negatively through a situation-centered approach.

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- Homosexuality was nationally recognized as no longer constituting as a mental disorder which began the conversation and movement towards a more excepting world.

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- A more dignified, detailed, and accurate medical mechanism to map the brain function that is still universally used.
- This invention drastically pushed forward the neuroscience education and research through improvement in accessible equipment.

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- J Bruner introduced cultural psychology through his Acts of Meaning, Four Lectures on Mind and Culture.
- It drew connections between philosophy, linguistics, anthropology, and the relationships and influences of cultural behavior and community.

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- Sixteen public research institutions influenced the study of Evolutionary Psychology by creating a "working draft" mechanism of mapping the human genome
- It was used to study mental development and disease for years to come.

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“History of Psychology: Timeline.” Annenberg Learner, Annenberg Foundation, 8 Aug. 2019, https://www.learner.org/series/discovering-psychology/explorations/history-of-psychology-contemporary-foundations/.

https://apps.apa.org/StaticContent/timeline-assets/timeline.html