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A 65-year-old man with a 40-pack-year smoking history presents with a chronic productive cough, dyspnea on exertion, and frequent winter exacerbations. On examination, he has a barrel-shaped chest and uses accessory muscles for breathing. His FEV₁/FVC ratio is 85%. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Chronic bronchitis
B. Emphysema
C. Bronchial asthma
D. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

# data[].attributes.body
A 65-year-old man with a 40-pack-year smoking history presents with a chronic productive cough, dyspnea on exertion, and frequent winter exacerbations. On examination, he has a barrel-shaped chest and uses accessory muscles for breathing. His FEV₁/FVC ratio is 60%. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Chronic bronchitis
B. Emphysema
C. Bronchial asthma
D. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

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Millers Pyramid

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Speciality : e.g GIT,CVS, Resp System

Choose a theme : Abdominal pain, Chest Pain

Choose a subtheme : Diagnosis, Investigations, Treatment

Learning Objective

Cognition Level

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Speciality : Musculoskeletal

Choose a theme : upper limb

Choose a subtheme : axio appendicular muscles

Learning Objective. Muscles actions and nerve supply

Cognition Level: C3

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Speciality : Pathology/Microbiology

Choose a theme : Respiratory Tract Infections

Choose a subtheme : Treatment

Learning Objective : To identify the first line treatment of CAP on the basis of Antimicrobial mechanism of action and resistance in bacteria.

Cognition Level : C3

# data[].attributes.body
Speciality : e.g GIT,CVS, Resp System

Choose a theme : Abdominal pain, Chest Pain

Choose a subtheme : Diagnosis, Investigations, Treatment

Learning Objective

Cognition Level

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Speciality : pharmacology

Choose a theme : CVS

Choose a subtheme : Antihypertensive

Learning Objective: mechanism of adverse effect behind drugs used in hypertension

Cognition Level: C3