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Pain and tenderness

aching or pain in the area just below the knee cap

tenderness to the touch, especially when gently squeezing the tendon

pain that worsens with activity, e.g. running, jumping or squatting

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stiffness around the tendon especially in the morning or after periods of inactivity

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a swollen tibial tuberosity

tender on palpitation over tib tuberosity

common presentation in skeletal immature athletic population (F 8-12, M 12-15)

stress activities such as jumping and prolonged running during adolescence

pain following rest post exercise

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Sharp pain in anterior knee, worsens with activity, eases with rest

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Sharp pain in anterior knee, worsens with activity, eases with rest

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around patella tendon

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feeling of weakness within the knee

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Potential for stiffness, tenderness, and swelling at localised anterior knee

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Potential for stiffness, tenderness, and swelling at localised anterior knee

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Response to a noxious stressor (i.e. trauma, infection, surgery etc.)

Immune system attacks joint

Pain

Swelling

Potential joint damage

E.g. Rheumatoid arthritis

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Struggling with lumbar pain as well

Pain radiating down the leg to knee

Numbness and/tingling

Weakness

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Affects soft tissue, caused by chromosomal mutation, grows slowly and may not present with pain.

Symptoms:

none

Lump ( may be painless)

Numbness

Pain

Swelling

Imaging:

x-rays

mri

Ultrasound

CT

Treatment:

chemo

Radiation

Immunotherapy

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Medial knee pain at insertion point of sartorial, semitendinosis, gracillis

Overuse/repetition injury of flexion and adduction

Tight hamstrings

Trauma/acute injury to the site

Common in obese Middle Ages women because of the wider pelvis and the different forces going through the knee

Swelling and pain

Pain increases with exercise

Tenderness

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No specific presentation with vague knee pain and swelling

Stabbing knee pain - exacerbated with activity

Knee swells simultaneously with the onset of the pain. The entire knee is irritated because of the loose pieces, and it responds by producing extra synovial fluid in the knee joint

Stiffness and feeling of instability

Mechanical symptoms include: knee feels like it is giving way, clicking, knee is locked - due to the fragments in the knee

OCD can exist for years without symptoms, but suddenly cause discomfort due heavy straining of the joint

Late OCD findings might include quadriceps muscle atrophy and gait deviations

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overuse injury, involving repeated strenuous weigh baring activities (marching, running, jogging)

common in track and field athletes, endurance, gymnaists, dancers and people just starting exercise.

35% military recruits

Diagnosis

exercise induced pain

reduces with rest

tibial stress fracture

compartment syndrome

vascular etiologies

Stages

bone strain stress response

stress reaction (localised pain on bone)

stress fracture

Risk factors

poor running form

increased training load

rigid training surface

poor muscle strength and endurance

RED-S

poor nutrition or diet

low bone health

stress

more common in women

high BMI

foot pronation

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Origin: cancer cells travel to the bones via the blood.

Symptoms

dull pain

night pain

can present as radicular pain

hypercalcemia

factures

Treatment

bone building medications

chemotherapy

intravenous radiation

pain medication

steroids

hormone therapy

surgery