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In the Iran-Iraq war, the oil was so important that oil affect both of the strategies of the conflict, and the economies. For Iraq, they were aiming for control the Khuzestan Province in Iran, which was very rich in oils. In addition, this war has affect the global oil marketing, Iran and Iraq's oil production was affected as well.

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Britannica "Iran-Iraq War Causes, Casualties, & Facts" -Kaho

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Britannica "Iran-Iraq War Causes, Casualties, & Facts" -Kaho

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Last accessed: 17/05/2025

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Iran-Iraq War | Causes, Summary, Casualties, & Facts

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Iran-Iraq War, (1980–88), prolonged military conflict between Iran and Iraq during the 1980s. Open warfare began on September 22, 1980, when Iraqi armed forces invaded western Iran along the countries’ joint border, though Iraq claimed that the war had begun earlier that month, on September 4, when…

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This war had aimed to secure the Iraqi oil reserves in which to give access of free flowing oil to global markets, other nations around the world, and of course, to the United States own possession. In the end, this war had heavily disrupted the oil production in Iraq but after some time in control of a new government, the oil production had come back. It was also believed that the Iraqi Oil reserves was one of the main reasons for the country of America to invade it with its allied countries as well.

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In 1980-1888, there was Iran-Iraq War. Iran and Iraq fought mainly because of the oil, and they had affected the costs of the oil. In addition, there was second oil shock around the world at that time. Iranian Revolution(1979) had connect the oils, which made the costs of oils go up.

In my opinion, I think the war in Middle East will affect oils' cost continuously. This is because Iran is part of the OPEC, and Iran has deep connections with oils.

As a result, the political instability will affect the costs of oils around the whole world, and oil will be an important key in the future.

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Evaluation of Iran-Iraq war strategies -Kaho

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Evaluation of Iran-Iraq war strategies -Kaho

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There was both merits and demerits of strategies in the Iran-Iraq War.

Mostly, both countries had problems, such as territories, and Iranian Revolution.

Merits

Both Iran and Iraq side used many variations in military structure and materials, such as weapons. The first attack from Iraq was attacking the capital city of Iran to make Iran surrender as fast as they can. Iraq had succeed it, then they occupied one of Iran's territory. From Iran's side of perspective, they had predicted that the war will be a continual battle, so Iran got many military supports from other countries.

Demerits

As a result, because this Iran-Iraq was 8 years long, there were countless people who have died in this war. For Iraq, they have damaged Iran much and made Iran unstable; however, after that, Iraq had also fell into unstable situation. On the other hand, Iran struggled with territories for 8 years long, but they had fought back against Iraq by getting many supports from countries, such as USSR.

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“Causes and Effects of Climate Change.” United Nations, United Nations, www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/causes-effects-climate-change#:~:text=Fossil%20fuels%20%E2%80%93%20coal%2C%20oil%20and,forms%20of%20life%20on%20Earth. Accessed 15 May 2025.

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Osborne, Hannah. “How Much Oil Is Left and Will We Ever Run Out?” LiveScience, Purch, 31 May 2024, www.livescience.com/planet-earth/how-much-oil-is-left-and-will-we-ever-run-out. 

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Osborne, Hannah. “How Much Oil Is Left and Will We Ever Run Out?” LiveScience, Purch, 31 May 2024, www.livescience.com/planet-earth/how-much-oil-is-left-and-will-we-ever-run-out. 

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Ashton

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Predictions for future conflicts with oil. -Ashton

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Predictions for future conflicts with oil. -Ashton

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For predictions about the future of oil, I feel like oil in the future won't be as important as it is now or in a few decades before. This is because, oil now is important as a lot of vehicles and ships and planes use it a lot and this is our main way of transportation. Overall, oil is the type of energy we use the most but I think that in a few decades or so, Oil won't be as important.

First, it is believed with the current rate that we were using oil, oil will eventually run out in 50 years based on multiple sources as there isn't infinite oil in the world. EVentually it will run out and we cannot change anything about that. Therefore I think that in the future, scientists and more technologies will resort into using other resources as oil runs out in this world. Like solar energy using solar panels or dams in which are other energy options that are rising in popularity even today.

Secondly, oil is also known to be very unhealthy. The consumption of oil as energy is one of the main reasons for the production of carbon dioxide in which is causing global warming in our world. Since global warming has been a big problem and still is a rising problem that could possibly END the world, with the efforts of goverments and corporations, eventually most companies will resort to more healthy and better ways of getting energy like as said before with solar panels, wind energy and much more as in this rate, many places, expecially coastal places can flood if global warming increases even more.

Finally, I feel like in the future, scientists and technological giants will create an even better way of using energy in whic is so good, it can replace oil. In the rate in which scientists are developing ways of energy and more, in only a few decades, I predict that us HUMANS will either develop a better, more healthy and new way of producing energy or resort ot other healthy ways in which we already have access to in which isn't so detrimental to the earth, causing things like global warming.

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Nawaz, Amna, and Dan Sagalyn. “The Long-Lasting Impact of the U.S. Invasion of Iraq.” PBS, Public Broadcasting Service, 29 Mar. 2023, www.pbs.org/newshour/show/the-long-lasting-impact-of-the-u-s-invasion-of-iraq#:~:text=Firstly%2C%20we%20removed%20a%20brutal,is%20an%20aversion%20to%20war.

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Evaluating Iraq war resolution strategies.  -Ashton

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Evaluating Iraq war resolution strategies.  -Ashton

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Evaluating the Iraq war resolution strategies, there are a lot of advantages but also disadvantage and in the following paragraphs, I will evaluate it, listing the Pros, and Cons and the effect and of course, finally the evaluation at the end.

Pros

For the pros of the Iraq war resolution strategies, (Which is military intervention with a TINY bit of diplomatic negotiations after the war had ended.) First that I think it was one of the only ways. Saddam Hussein was never going to back down from being the dictator of Iraq as he had ruled and dictated over Iran for the last 40 years. No matter any diplomatic negotiations or mediation or basically anything, he wasn't going to back down and would have still stayed in his place. So without military intervention, it wouldn't have overthrown him and he would have probably still stayed in power for like the next 20 years or so until he had died as a dictator. Although the reason was for "Alleged possession of weapons of mass destruction" and close ties with multiple terrorist groups, Military intervention byfar was the only way to counter terrorism and much more.

Cons

Although there were many pros of the Military intervention in which the US and its allied had used, there were also multiple cons. The first is the amount of casualties in the war. It was estimated that around 4400 service men from the United States military had lost their lives while it was also believed that somewhere between 150,000 people to about a million were lost in the Iraqi side. Including numerous civilian lives.Another reason for cons is that after the Iraq war, the region was deemed unstable, not being able to cope with a new government for the next couple of years that followed after the war. It was believed that even after the war, more terrorists groups had arrised and it even led to more conflict in the middle east between multiple terrorist groups. Also there was a huge economic crisis after the war as it was estimated that the US alone had spent over 800 Million dollars on the war with war supplies, vehicles, missiles and much more. There was also the falier to find the "Weapons of Mass destruction in which ALLEGEDLY Iraq had access to in which they didn't therefore not having a reason for the invasion in the first place, ruining US reputation.

Evaluation

Evaluating both the pros and Cons I have listed about the main strategy used in the Iraq war, overall I think military intervention was a con. Overall, the cons had outweighed the pros by just a tiny bit because of the lives and amount of money were lost and it just wasn't worth it just for more oil in the Market. Even the main reason for invasion in which said Saddam Hussain had access to weapons of mass destruction in which they NEVER found. I feel like the main reason to overthrow Saddam Hussain wasn't wort it because of the casualties and destruction and that overall, it would have been better if the US stayed quiet, not interfering with Iraq. Only intervening once actual proof was found.

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Last Accessed: 15/05/2025

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Iran-Iraq War | Causes, Summary, Casualties, & Facts

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Iran-Iraq War, (1980–88), prolonged military conflict between Iran and Iraq during the 1980s. Open warfare began on September 22, 1980, when Iraqi armed forces invaded western Iran along the countries’ joint border, though Iraq claimed that the war had begun earlier that month, on September 4, when…

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Rogers, Paul. “Iraq War 20 Years on: Heavy Toll of US Neocon Failure.” openDemocracy, 18 Mar. 2023, www.opendemocracy.net/en/iraq-war-2003-bush-neoconservative-failure-civilian-deaths-islamist-insurgencies/#:~:text=The%20war%20has%20been%20immensely,is%20no%20end%20in%20sight.

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“Iraq War.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, inc., 23 Apr. 2025, www.britannica.com/event/Iraq-War.

“ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University.” ScholarWorks at GSU, scholarworks.gsu.edu/#:~:text=But%20oil%20is%20nevertheless%20critical,Saddam%2C%20by%20any%20means%20possible. Accessed 13 May 2025.

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Last accessed: 13/05/2025

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EBSCO Information Services, Inc. | www.ebsco.com

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The Iran-Iraq War, lasting from 1980 to 1988, was a significant military conflict between the neighboring nations of Iraq and Iran. The war stemmed from a complex mix of historical grievances, ethnic tensions, and political upheavals, particularly following the Iranian Revolution of 1979, which established a theocratic government under Ayatollah Khomeini. Iraqi President Saddam Hussein perceived a threat from Iran’s revolutionary influence and sought to capitalize on Iran’s internal instability to assert Iraq’s dominance in the region. The conflict evolved through three main phases, starting with initial Iraqi advances into Iranian territory, followed by a shift to Iranian counteroffensives, and culminating in a protracted war of attrition characterized by brutal tactics, including the use of chemical weapons by Iraq. Both nations experienced devastating losses, with estimates of one million soldiers killed and significant civilian casualties. The war ultimately concluded in 1988 with a cease-fire mediated by the United Nations, but it left deep political scars and reinforced authoritarian rule in both countries. The Iran-Iraq War had far-reaching implications, shaping the geopolitical landscape of the Persian Gulf and continuing to influence regional dynamics long after the ceasefire. The conflict remains a stark reminder of the human cost of prolonged warfare and the complexities of international relations in the region.

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There was a war between neighboring countries, Iran and Iraq in 1980, which is called Iran-Iraq War, also known as First Gulf War. The war was from September 1980 to August 1988. This war was not about the fighting between Iran and Iraq because this war caused the oil marketings, leading to an oil shock and the prices increase. This war also impacted the fluctuations due to disruptions in supply. Through this war, both Iran and Iraq sides experienced the reduction of oils, in the early years. Furthermore, this war has helped destroy OPEC(Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries), a group of oil producing countries, who have agreed to control the amount of oil that each country can produce and sell. The war has destroy OPEC's connections, and market controlling. So many people had concerns about the stability of OPEC.

As a result, there was no winner in this war. Iraq had lost in primary territorial goals, but Iraq has now a powerful and strong military in the Arab world.

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PIN "What Would Happen if Oil Runs Out?" Kaho

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PIN "What Would Happen if Oil Runs Out?" Kaho

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Last accessed: 09/05/2025

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It’s a fairly established and agreed-upon fact that our oil supplies are dwindling. Ever since man first drilled into the Earth and extracted the black gold, upon which all of our industrial adva…

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Last accessed: 09/05/2025

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Why oil is important

Oil: lifeblood of the industrialised nations Oil has become the world's most important source of energy since the mid-1950s. Its products underpin modern society, mainly supplying energy to power industry, heat homes and provide fuel for vehicles and aeroplanes to carry goods and people all over the world.
Most oil is used for transport (car, lorries and planes) but around a quarter used for heating, chemical plants and in other industry Source: DECC Here are some examples of what we owe to oil, every day of our lives:
In fact, oil meets 97 per cent of the UK transport sector demand. In addition, it also benefits our lives in being vital to the production of many everyday essentials. Oil's refined products are used to manufacture almost all chemical products, such as plastics, fertilisers, detergents, paints and even medicines, plus a whole host of other products that you might not expect.

Final energy consumption by fuel, UK (1970 to 2014)
Petroleum products used for energy by main sectors, UK (2000 to 2014)

At school: rulers, crayons, ink and cartridges, glue, coverings on books, binders...

For your health: coatings for pills, binding agent for creams, disposable syringes...

In the home: contact lenses, cosmetics, clothing, fabrics, nail polish, deodorants, shampoo, paint, upholstery and carpets, detergents for washing up and laundry, dry-cleaning fluid...

Out shopping: shopping bags, credit cards, egg cartons, plastic milk bottles

While cooking: non-stick pans, cling film, storage containers

For building: roofing tiles, pipes, insulating material, paint

On the move: petrol and diesel for cars and lorries, emergency services and trains, asphalt road surfaces

In the office: computer hardware, phones and faxes, diskettes, pens, chairs, printing ink

At your leisure: CDs, videos, cassette tapes, camera film, artists' paint, bicycle handlebar grips, tyres, crash helmets, football boots, trainers, shin pads, windsurfers, roller blades

Garden: fertilisers, pesticides, garden furniture

Source: DECC
Challenges Action Progress Future opportunities
Through its extensive supply chain, the oil & gas industry employs hundreds of thousands of people and makes a major contribution to the UK economy in terms of tax revenues, technologies and exports. Tens of thousands of people work in the oil and gas industry. Each week Britain produces about two million tonnes of oil and gas. This is worth about £37 million pounds a day to the people of Britain.

Sources: Oil & Gas in UK, Economic Report 2015

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Oil: lifeblood of the industrialised nations Oil has become the world's most important source of energy since the mid-1950s. Its products underpin modern society, mainly supplying energy to power industry, heat homes and provide fuel for vehicles and aeroplanes to carry goods and people all over the world.

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Oil is very important because we use oil in our daily lives. For example, rulers, crayons, glues, clothings, and shampoo. In addition, we mostly use oil for transport, cars, busses, and air planes.

Moreover, if oil runs out from the world, we won't be able to use the all public and private transportation. Not only transportations. Food, machines, and manufactured products.

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Military Intervention/Diplomatic Negotiations (For the Iraq War). -Ashton

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Military Intervention/Diplomatic Negotiations (For the Iraq War). -Ashton

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The main strategy in the conflict of the Iraq Wars was of course, Military intervention, but there were also other methods of strategies used to resolve conflict like Diplomatic Negitiations in which I will explain later.

Military Intervention

Military Intervention is one of the main strategy used to resolve the conflict of the Iraq war. Because, of the believe that since the Iraq Goverment at that time had access to weapons of mass destruction, the United states of America sent its troops to Iraq to deal with the problem in which is an example of Military Intervention. They had sent troops and the Iraqi Goverment at that time had fought back but had failed to do so therefore in which led to the change in government and oil reserves.

Diplomatic Negitation

Diplomatic negotiation was also an important factor in the Iraq was as after the US and its Allied nations had managed to overthrow the current govemenrt in control, they had had many diplomatic negotations in between creating the new goverment and also directly with the new goverment to talk and discuss bewteen matters of the land, where the oil reserves were going and much more political discussion in which indeed was a huge success for the US as it led to no more conflict in between the goverments of the US and the Iraqi goverment.

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The Iraq war. (Also known as the second gulf war) -Ashton

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The Iraq war. (Also known as the second gulf war) -Ashton

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The Iraq war was a war in which lasted from 2003-2011, in which included nations like the United Kingdom, Australia, Poland and of course, the United States of America in which the one that started the war. Although this certain conflict wasn't directed to get the resources we used as Oil, it sidely, was directed to take some of the oil in the land they were fighting at. The main mission of the Iraq war was to respond to the IRaq's alleged possession of weapons of mass destruction. This was also justified by Iran's violation of UN's regulations and its ties with dangerous terrorist groups in which can be extremely dangerous due to the nature of the terrorist groups. This lead to the overthrowing of the current government at that time in control of Saddam Husain, in which lead to a new Iraqi government. This war had lead to almost thousands of casualties from US troops and Allied troops as well, There was also an estimated tens of thousands of Iraqi civilian deaths in which lead it to be an extremely controversial conflict. Although this war wasn't really directed to getting oil, since Iraq was known to have the second highest oil reserves out of all countries in the world. This war had aimed to secure the Iraqi oil reserves in which to give access of free flowing oil to global markets, other nations around the world, and of course, to the United States own possession. In the end, this war had heavily disrupted the oil production in Iraq but after some time in control of a new government, the oil production had come back. It was also believed that the Iraqi Oil reserves was one of the main reasons for the country of America to invade it with its allied countries as well.

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Military Intervention (for the Iran-Iraq War) -Kaho

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Military Intervention (for the Iran-Iraq War) -Kaho

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In Iran-Iraq War, Iran and Iraq was directly involved, but there were many countries who involved into the Iran-Iraq War to support both sides by financial aid, in the form of arms, and political backing. Iraq have received the support from the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, France, Italy, Yugoslavia, and many countries from the Arab States. Iran got from Syria, Libya, China, North Korea, Israel, Pakistan, and South Yemen. These countries affect the war significantly because by supporting Iran or Iraq, an action or the strategies would change to win Iran or Iraq.