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Behaviorism focuses on the idea that all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment. This learning theory states that behaviors are learned from the environment, and says that innate or inherited factors have very little influence on behavior.  Behaviorists believe that if teachers provide positive reinforcement, or rewards, whenever students perform a desired behavior, they will learn to perform the behavior on their own. The same concept applies to punishments. An example of behaviorism is when teachers reward their class or certain students with a party or special treat at the end of the week for good behavior throughout the week.

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- emphasizes individual choice over logical or rational theories
- people are in control of their life and who they become which is based on the life choices they make
- provides insight to human responsibility and  freedom
- believes a good education focusses on individuality and teachings that are directly applicable to everyday life
- believe in viewing students as individual human beings first and should play a positive role in their own education
(https://pgsd.binus.ac.id/2020/11/29/existentialism-and-its-implication-to-education/#:~:text=Existentialists%20believe%20that%20every%20individual,potentialities%20and%20cultivate%20his%20individualities.)

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-teachers believe students are the only ones in power regarding their success/failure and future plans
-students are encouraged to follow their personal interests and passions
-differences in interests are appreciated by teachers and students
(https://helpfulprofessor.com/existentialism-in-education/)

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Reconstructionism is a philosophical approach that questions essentialism and other rigid and dogmatic standpoints. It questions the existing standards in order to provide new perspectives to the social, political, economical, and other related issues.

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-tries to instill in students the most essential/basic academic knowledge, skills, and character development that belong to their culture
-these should be taught to all citizens at the same level
-American students are taught about the people, events, ideas, and institutions that have shaped American society
-teacher serves as an intellectual and moral role model
-little student choice in what they are learning
-test scores are used to evaluate progress
-students are in large groups, sitting in rows, and passively learning
-students will not only have basic knowledge and skills, but will also have disciplined, practical minds, capable of applying lessons learned in school in the real world
-students take introductory classes and then follow a basic pathway, gradually building on previous knowledge

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Education requires constant reconstruction. Also, the education that is being studied should be interdisciplinary. Reconstructionism should be used to create a new social order. Students in this type of philosophy are molded to be active participants.

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Five Steps to Create a Progressive, Student-Centered Classroom

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Five Steps to Create a Progressive, Student-Centered Classroom

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1. Create ongoing projects.

2. Integrate technology.

3. Replace homework with engaging in-class activities.

4. Eliminate rules and consequences.

5. Involve students in evaluation.

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Progressivists believe that education should be a process of ongoing growth, not just a preparation for becoming an adult. An obvious example of progressivism would be our class. We are in groups a lot and we actively learn through discussion

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Common sights in a progressivist classroom might include: small groups debating, custom-made activities, and learning stations. Teachers typically walk freely among the groups, guiding them using suggestions and thought-provoking questions.

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Reconstructionist educators focus on a curriculum that highlights social reform as the aim of education

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The support for or advocacy of social reform.