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The preposition denotes the case of the noun.
Akkusativ: bis(until) durch( through) fur(for) gegen(against) ohne(without) um(to/around)
Dativ: mit(with) nach(to) von(from/of) zu(to) aus(from/out of) seit(since) bie (at)
Accusative is always used in response to the question"whine(where to)?" that means it is usually connected to a verb of motion/ transition.
Dative is used in response to the question "wo(where)". It is therefore commonly used with verbs that do not denote any change of location or state of mind etc.

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Note: As in English, the meanings of the prepositions in German are quite flexible, and very important to know, since these little words come up all the time. As a result, it is difficult to give English equivalents for a list like this. The compromise used below is to give their primary meanings, and to write "etc."

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The basic rule is the conjugated verb is always in position 2.
Like the verb kommt, seht, geht, ist, kauft ein.
For the word order in a question, Verb....? For example, kommst du am Montag sum Seminar?
With question word, for example, wann kommst du sum Seminar?

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DAS PRÄSENS: ALL verb types || Conjuguemos

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Dative: This case usually denotes the recipient of an action, or to whom something is given.And dative is much more common in combination with certain preposition.
For masculine, dem, einem. For feminine, der, einer. For neuter, dem, einem. And plural, den, keinen.

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A1-B1 German Grammar Course | Day 01.3-The German Articles in all Cases

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The German Articles in all Cases This is THE ONE table that you really need to learn. So why not making it a pleasant experience and compose a song with them? Maggie Jabczynski has done exactly that. Listen to it and learn them all by heart in a wink.

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Essential German Grammar – Masculine, Feminine, and Neutral

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Essential German Grammar – Masculine, Feminine, and Neutral

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Most of the German masculine nouns can be identified if they end with these suffixes:

–el, -en, -ling, -ismus, -ner, -ig, -ich or –er
Examples:

der Vater (father)
der Onkel (uncle)
der Ofen (oven)
der Rassismus (racism)
Days, months, weather and seasons are normally masculine.

Examples:

der Montag (Monday)
der Frühling (spring)
der Oktober (October)
der Hagel (hail)
Nouns that are feminine usually have the following suffixes:

-ie, -ik, -heit, -age, -ei, -ion, -keit, -itis, -ur, -schaft, -tät or –ung
Examples:

die Montage (construction)
die Qualität (quality)
die Ehrung (tribute)
die Freundschaft (friendship)
die Magie (magic)
die Figur (figure)
die Kindheit (childhood)

Flowers, trees and fruits, as well as cardinal numbers, are usually feminine.

Examples:

die Blume (flower)
die Erdbeere (strawberry)
die Palme (palm tree)
die Fünf (the five)

German neutral nouns usually end in the following suffixes:

-chen, -lein, -ett, -il, -ma, -ium, -ment, -tel, -nis, -tum, -um or –o

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Nominative: The nominative denotes the subject of a clause.
This case is used for an animal, a person or a thing which is doing the action.
For masculine, ein, kein mein. For feminine, eine, keine and meine. For neutral ,ein kein and mein.
For plural, keine, meine.
Accusative: This case occurs nearly as often as the Nominative and is usually the one that needs to follow after a verb (the direct object of a clause).
For masculine, einen, keinen meinen. For feminine, eine, keine and meine. For neutral ,ein kein and mein.
For plural, keine, meine.

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For many learners of German the cases are a bit of a struggle, and even the German speakers, it must be admitted, start to substitute some of their cases more and more by prepositions (looking at you there, Genitive). The irony being, of course, that every prepositions requires a certain case (let's gloss over "Wechselpräpositionen" here, shall we?)

So, here is an attempt to explain why cases are in fact rather brilliant:

They allow for much more flexibility in the sentence structure as parts of the sentence can be moved around without confusing the reader as to who does what to whom.

They make the language less cluttered than those constant prepositions. And for those who don't think of prepositions cluttering a language, please keep in mind that a movie exists that is called:

Dawn of the planet of the apes
In German literal translation: " Die Dämmerung des Planeten der Affen" (Much more elegant in my strongly biased opinion.)

(Though, what the studio went with was actually: Planet der Affen: Revolution. Shame, really.)

Anyway, German has four cases, remnants of which can also still be found in the English and German question words. Asking for the part of speech can also help you determine which case it should be. (Although students have told me that this is rather less helpful, if you can't tell which question word you need to use. And yes, I can see there point.)

Compare:

Nominative: Wer/ Was? - Who/ What?

Accusative: Wen/ Was? - Who/ What?

Dative: Wem? - Whom?

Genitive: Wessen? - Whose?

Nominative: The nominative denotes the subject of a clause. For convenience sake, let's say we mean by that the person/ thing that does something. Every sentence needs to have one. In English this nouns would most likely be at the very beginning of the sentence, in German they usually are at the beginning or towards the front of the clause but thanks to the cases, they can technically be sneaked in anywhere in a clause.

Accusative: This case occurs nearly as often as the Nominative and is usually the one that needs to follow after a verb (the direct object of a clause). (Again, we'll quickly gloss over the more complicated "Dativ-Verbs".) It is the thing that something is done to (sounds brutal, I know). Nominative and Accusative combined are in most cases the basis for a basic sentence. The Subject-Verb-Object structure of English and German are based on this (English being a Germanic language and all that...).

Now, to quickly illustrate the magic that happens when you get your case endings right:
E.g. Das Gummibärchen isst einen Schokoladenhasen. Einen Schokoladenhasen isst das Gummibärchen.
In English both sentences translate into: The gummy bear east a chocolate bunny. If you swapped the two elements around, you'd end up with "A chocolate bunny eats the gummy bear." So, unless you would have major context to make it clear that in this sentence it is in fact the gummy bear munching on the poor bunny, the meaning would indeed be quite different from the original sentence. In German, the meaning stays the same.

Dative: This case usually denotes the recipient of an action, or to whom something is given. A rather popular example sentence for this phenomenon is (though usually without gummy bears):
Das Gummibärchen gibt dem Gummibärchen das Buch. (The gummy bear gives the (other) gummy bear the book.)
Here, the second gummy bear is in the dative as it receives the book. Simple! This is also why most verbs of this kind, the kind that denotes in some way or form the idea of giving, require not only someone to perform the action (nominative) and something to perform it with (accusative), but also someone as the recipient of it. In the example, without gummy bear no 2, you'd wonder whom the book is given to, without the mentioning of the book, you'd wonder what was given.

Genitive: My personal favourite. It even has its own "Schutzverein" as it is an endangered species! The sole purpose of the Genitive is to show possession. Whatever is in the Genitive, is the owner of the noun that follows. In English you can still see traces of that in sentences like:
The gummy bear's favourite colour is red.
Again, note the similarity to the German structure:
Des Gummibärchens Lieblingsfarbe ist rot.
A rather popular mistake here, that even the Germans make quite often nowadays, is to use an apostrophe before the „Genitive-s". A phenomenon that is lovingly referred to as "Deppenapostroph". Please, simply avoid that mistake and remember: the Genitive-s is simply attached straight onto the masculine or neuter noun.

And if you are wondering, why the Genitive is dying out, that's because most German speakers, especially in actual spoken interactions, simply substitute the Genitive with "von+Dativ". Needless to say, I am not a fan of this trend, but it is so commonplace by now, that most would raise an eyebrow at you if you didn't use the substitution in speaking, though in formal writing the Genitive is still alive.

As you can hopefully see from the examples, cases give the language a lot more freedom when constructing sentences as parts of a sentence can be moved around without loss of meaning. The case makes the relationship between nouns and verbs clear without having to add millions of prepositions into the mix, which is, as mentioned before, rather good news for anyone who has ever had to sit down an learn the cases for all the prepositions.

To summarise in two little sentences to remember: Mostly the Nominative verbs the Accusative. Sometimes, however, the Nominative (sometimes the possession of the Genitive) verbs the Dative (sometimes the possession of the Genitive) with the Accusative (sometimes the possession of the Genitive) or verbs the Accusative to the Dative. Uhm? Yeah!

Or in a comprehensible example:
Das blaue Gummibärchen (N) kaufte dem roten Gummibärchen (D) des grünen Gummibärchens (G) alten Fernseher (A). Dem roten Gummibärchen kaufte das blaue Gummibärchen des grünen Gummibärchens alten Fernseher. Des grünen Gummibärchens alten Fernseher kaufte dem roten Gummibärchen das blaue Gummibärchen. Des grünen Gummibärchens alten Fernseher kaufte das blaue Gummibärchen dem roten Gummibärchen.
Which all translate into: The blue gummy bear bought the red gummy bear the green gummy bear's old TV.

Of course, the use of the cases doesn't end here; otherwise we wouldn't need to distinguish between the cases and their functions in a clause. It is true that a clause will have only one Subject and therefore one Nominative, but the Accusative and Dative can occur several times in the same clause in different functions hence all that business with all those endings all over the place.

And I think, we can all agree, that this might be the best time to end the short-ish exploration of the use of cases.

For some (further) reading which nicely compares English and German grammar: ZORACH, C., MELIN, C., & KAUTZ, E. A. (2009). English grammar for students of German: the study guide for those learning German. Ann Arbor, MI, Olivia and Hill Press.

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For many learners of German the cases are a bit of a struggle, and even the German speakers, it must be admitted, start to substitute some of their cases more and more by prepositions (looking at you there, Genitive). The irony being, of course, that every prepositions requires a certain case (let's gloss over "Wechselpräpositionen" here, shall we?)

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I learn that these adverbs follow the verb. And the question is "Was machete du (nicht) gern ?" which means what do you like or you do not like. Liber and am liebsten are the comparative and superlative gern, which shows you have a preference.

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Learn German A1 | gerne, lieber, am liebsten || Deutsch Für Euch 44

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Today I learn german numbers. I find that from 13  to 19 it has a suffix "zehn" and from 21 to 29 it is ended by "zwanzi". Besides 10 "zehn", 30"dreiBig", 20,40...90 are ended by "zig".Moreover the hundred is "hundert" the thousand is "tausend".

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Start studying Numbers (German). Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.

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Today I learn the pronunciation of letters. Some letters are pronounced similar to English letters. However, there are some letters like "b","t", "v","z","j","q".Also, the order of a letter in a word is different.

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Pronunciation of the Letters - Learn German (Lesson 2) - Complete B1 Course - Aussprache Buchstaben

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This is the second lesson of a complete B1 German course that will take you to the B1 level of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). In this lesson you'll learn how the German letters are normally pronounced.