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Pencils are made of cedar's wood cropped in little boards.

Boards came under a blade that makes grooves where after leads will be fit.

The grooves are filled of glue by a machine.

Half of boards runs through in another machine where leads are put and the other half is upside down and transported on a glue applicator, then they are put together.

These boards are compressed for an hour to dry out the glue and after they came under another machine where they are cut and they would be divided in single pencils.

Later they go into a machine where wood is coated by colorful paint.

At the end they are sent towards and the machine sharped them and finally they are ready to be used.

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A chocolate cake.
A chocolate cake is a classic sweet. The history of this treat goes back to 1764, when Dr. James Baker. discovered how to make chocolate.
We need 180g of dark chocolate which should be liquefied.
After that, six eggs are whisked in a bowl, then butter and sugar are blended together.
After blending, the eggs are added to the mix.
When the chocolate is finished, it is added too to this mix with a pinch of salt.
In an other bowl, flour, cocoa and yeast are sifted. After that, all ingredients are mixed together.
The mixture is then put into a pan greased with butter.
The pan is then cooked in the oven at 180.C for 40/50 minutes

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Pencils.
A pencil is made of graphite and wood.
The lead of a pencil is a mixture of graphite and clay, that make a soft paste. The paste is pushed through a metal tube and comes out in the shape of thin rods. The rods are cut and are cooked in a oven heated to 1'800 degrees.
In another part of the factory machines cut blocks of wood into slats. The wood must be soft enough to be sharpened but strong enough to not break. Then eight grooves are sawed into each slat. One pencil lead is attached into each of eight grooves with glue. Another grooved slat is glued on top, sandwiching the leads. A machine cuts each slat into eight hexagonal pencils. Then the pencils are painted seven or eight times to hide the wood. Another machine adds the rubber and the writings with the name of the factory and the number that indicates how hard the pencil lead is.

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Leonardo Re

HOW IT'S MADE: Marshmallow

Marshmallows are one of the earliest confections known to humankind. Today's marshmallows come in many forms, from solid (soft pillows dropped in cocoa or roasted on a stick) to semi-liquid (covered in chocolate or formed into chicks for Easter) to the creme-like (used as a base in other candies or as an ice cream topping). In essence, all marshmallows are aerated candies.

COOKING
1 - A solution is formed by dissolving sugar and corn syrup in water and boiling it. Egg whites and/or gelatin is mixed with the sugar solution. Then the ingredients are heated in a cook kettle to about 115°C. The resulting mixture is passed through a strainer to remove extraneous matter.

2 - In the pump, the mixture is then beaten into a foam to two or three times its original volume. At this stage, flavoring can be added.

FORMING
3 - The heated mixture is transferred to a heat exchanger. Air is pumped into the mixture. The mixture cools in a tempering kettle, passes through another filter, and continues on to the "hill." Marshmallows are extruded through a machine or deposited onto bands.
The extrusion process involves the foam being squeezed through a die to produce marshmallow's familiar pillow shape.  Sometimes the pillows are formed into a rope of pillows. If so, they are cut and dried on a rubber conveyor belt.

COOLING
4 - After the pillows are formed, they are sent through a cooling drum, where excess starch is removed. They also are cooled enough to be packaged.

PACKAGING
5 -  After the pillows have cooled, they are weighed and packaged. Before being put in cases, some manufacturers pass their product through a metal detector. The case is code dated and shipped to retail stores.

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Chocolate
Chocolate is a typical sweet. It started existing naturally 4000 years b.C. Cacao is grown in 45 countries around the world. The color depends on the tipe. Chocolate can be made in three types: dark chocolate, milk chocolate and white chocolate
The 70% of cocoa is contained in the best chocolate, the dark one. Chocolate is produced with the blending of cocoa mass, cocoa butter and sugar. The mix gets refined and then mixed for a long while at 40°. The chocolate can be broken easily or melted gradually only if the mix is cooled down at 30°C, because the temperature gets lower from 40°C to 27°. After being shaped, chocolate is ready to be packed and eaten.

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Crackers
Crackers are also called "Saltines" like the name of a famous cracker brand. They are eaten also with jam or they are dipped into soups. Crackers are recommended by doctors to people who suffer of stomachache,because they're dry and easy to digest. They're made of a specific amount of dough,water,flour,yeast and enzymes. All the ingredients are mixed for five minutes and the mass rests for sixteen hours. After that, sodium bicarbonate,salt, the essence of malt and vegetable oil are added at the mass. It is mixed for other five minutes and then it is stretched by a machine to reduce the thickness. The mass is cut and shaped by another machine and covered by salt. Crackers are baked in big ovens and then they're cut into individual crackers. They're sent to the packaging equipment and so they're divided, five crackers for a packet.

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Candy Wafers
Candy Wafers are classic American treats that were invented in 1847.
Food coloring and flavoring are added to pulverise sugar. After that, corn syrup, a blanding solution of vegetable gums and gelatine dissolved in water are added at the mix.
After mixing for about eight minutes, the consistency of the candy is checked. The dough is divided into chunks, feeded into a dough shooter,  pushed through a slot forming a dough sheet and then it's streched and compressed by rollers.
Then, the wafers are cut and moved by the converter belt to a multilevel tunnel dryer. Once out of the dryer, the wafers are piled up in trays without sticking and then they are tested with a few samples to measure the force required to break the candy wafer.
After that, the candies are sent to the packaging line and they are mixed together to have a random assortment of flavors. Paper wrapping is cut by the wrapping machine and a bread of glue is applied to one edge.
Finally, the candies are lifted into the wrapper, the edges are sealed and the ends closed are twisted.

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Oreos
in the 20th century cookies sandwich were introduced by an American biscuit company.
They are made with granulated sugar, two kinds of cocoa , premix of salt and other ingredients. All the ingredients are put together in a mixer  then canola oil mixture is added to the dry ingredients to transform them into a batter. Next the workers add water then  the batter is chilled by dry ice. They add flour to transform it into a dough. When the dough is ready it is pressed down into a molding machine . This shapes it into cookie wafers that after an hour are moved to a steel conveyor. It takes the wafers into a gas oven then they are cooled by fans that give them the crispiness. Wafers roll over ramps designed to make them fall into a certain position.
The vanilla cream is deposited by a cylindrical pump on the plan side of the wafers. Next step top wafers are put over the cream. They are separeted in 11 biscuits and then they are put into plastic traits.

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Point shoes
The external part of point shoes is made of three pieces of satin, silk and cotton to protect a  dancer's feet. A drawstring is put around the cloth serves to the dancer to tighten the shoe to the foot. The cloth is put on a shoe to give the right shape and size, then a soler in wood is glued and fixed to make it flexible. The point of the shoe is modeled with paper and cotton, it shouldn't be too hard because it must allow the dancer to move. It gets completely dry in 24 hours. Then the top of the shoe is covered with pink cloth and fixed with glue, then the sole is glued and everything is put under a press to make it stick well. At last a sock is added so that the dancer's foot doesn't slip.

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Licorice's candies
The licorice's candies are born in the ancient Egypt. They invented the licorice's candies by adding honey solidified to a bit of edible herbs. The modern licorice's candies are formed by wheat, sugar, corn syrup, colorants and artificial flavourings. The mixture is cooked for 2 hours at 102 degrees and the mixture becomes a thick paste. This paste is made cool and is put into a big moulds that shape the paste. The trays with the moulds are put into ovens for 8 hours at 60 degrees. So the licorice's candies hardens. Than the specific people weigh the quantity of licorice's candies to put in every packet.

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Handmade candies
From prehistory men love candies; during those times candies were made with honey and in the Middle Age they were made with beets.
To make handmade candies, water and sugar are boiled with the glucose syrup that is added during the boiling. Once the right temperaure is reached, the mixture is cooked for a half an hour and natural flavors are added. When the mixture is finished cooking it is poured on a table to let it cool down. When the mixture is cold it is colored with some dyes, it's cut into candy's shape and in the end candies are packaged.

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Bubble gum
The bubble gum was born in USA and was invented by Walter Diemer. The gum it's made by synthetic plastic and rubber. The gum is put in a mixer and then colorans, artificial flavors and glucos are added. The glucos is syrup which keeps the gum soft . Then the mixtures is mixed. When it reaches the consistency of the bread it is trasported to pre-extrusor. Here the gum is squeezed and it is transformated into thin strips, then the strips are cooled for 15 minutes. The strips are cut and packaged by the same machine. This machine packs 900 pieces per minute. The bubble gum is pink because it was only color that Walter had when he invented the gum.

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Eye shadow:
It's a cosmetic that is applied on the eyelids and under the eyebrows.
It's usually made from base fillers, binders and pigment. We can made it in powder or as a cream. It depends by the oils that are used in the base.
Some eye shadows are made from talc. Zinc or magnesium derivates are used in eye shadow. Nylon is added to give pigment to the mixture. Jojoba oil and Silicone are used to liquefy the makeup. Liquid eye shadow lasts longer than powder eye shadows because the ingredients bond better with the skin.