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Moves Writers Make Kernel Essays_version3.docx

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C3WP Connecting Evidence to Claims Planner

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C3WP Connecting Evidence to Claims Planner

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Connecting Evidence to Claims Planner .docx

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My kids won't be allowed to have smartphones until middle school at the earliest, but once the genie is out of the bottle, how will I possibly be able to keep tabs on everything they're doing on Instagram, Twitter, Snapchat, Facebook and all the other yet-to-be created social networks?

Short answer: I won't. But the findings of a new "CNN Special Report: #Being13: Inside the Secret World of Teens," shows why we parents should try to do a much better job of understanding what's happening online. ( The documentary, #Being13, airs at 9 p.m. ET Monday. Watch to find out the results of the first large-scale study of its kind on teens and social media.)

"(Parents) just don't get the impact that social media has on, like, teen's lives," said 13-year-old Morgan, one of the 200 eighth-graders from eight different schools who agreed, along with their parents and schools, to allow CNN and two child development experts to monitor all their posts on Instagram, Twitter and Facebook over a six-month period.

Even for parents who try to control their children's social media use, the CNN study found a disconnect between what their parents think about their kids' posts and how their children are feeling. Sixty percent of parents underestimated how lonely, worried and depressed their kids were and 94% underestimated the amount of fighting that happens on social media.

"Even the parents who would be the most vigilant about monitoring, I believe, most often, wouldn't know enough to know the small hurts that sort of pile up on kids over time," said Marion Underwood, a child clinical psychologist with the University of Texas at Dallas and one of the two experts who collaborated with CNN on the study.

We parents often don't have a clue as to how subtle the aggression can be. I just learned that young people might post a group photo and intentionally not tag someone included in the picture, or, they might share a photo from a party or outing with the goal of hurting those who weren't invited.

"When we were young, I didn't know every party I wasn't invited to. I didn't see pictures every time friends, good friends, got together without me. Now they see all of it in real time," said Underwood, who is also dean of graduate studies at the University of Texas at Dallas and a professor in the School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences. "And I think that's very hard to take. And we maybe haven't prepared them as well ... to deal with it in the best way."

What can a parent do?

So what is a parent to do besides screaming and longing for the days when "tag" was just a game on the playground?

There are actually some steps parents can take, the experts say, such as signing up for the social networks your teens are on and following them. Talking to your kids about social media is effective, too. If your teen gets off the phone and seems sad or upset, ask them about it. An encouraging finding from the CNN study showed that kids whose parents were more involved in their social media lives were less likely to remain upset about something that happened online.

"Kids who were experiencing some conflict on social media, be it with a friend or schoolmate, had very elevated levels of distress but that experience was mitigated if their parents were highly involved with monitoring their accounts," said Robert Faris, a sociologist with the University of California, Davis and another child development expert who collaborated with CNN on the study. "So parent monitoring effectively erased the negative effects of online conflicts."

Parents would also be well served by spending some time on the same social networks their teens are using just to get a sense of how they work and what impact they might be having on their children, said Underwood. She can relate; after she received a grant to study Facebook and began to post more often, she realized how excited she was when people "liked" what she said.

"It is really reinforcing to a middle-aged mother, so think how it feels to a young person," she said. "So parents need to get on these platforms."

Teens have always been concerned about popularity, but it takes on a whole new dimension when they can measure their status in likes, shares and comments. Parents can help their kids keep it all in perspective, said Faris, who is an associate professor of sociology.

"Encourage them to try not to keep score," he said. "Don't sweat the small stuff. Don't worry if you're not tagged. Don't count likes. Don't exclude other people. There are a lot of things that could make social media a little healthier for kids."

And there's another thing parents can do -- encourage our teens to put their phones down from time to time and do something else, go shopping, head outside, have fun in other ways.

"Help them steer away from it because it's really hard for them to do it on their own," said Underwood.

Jay, a 13-year-old who participated in the study, said social media is addicting -- but her grades went up once she put her phone down more often: "A lot of kids are going to be like, 'She's talking gibberish. I can totally multitask,' and that's what I thought until I put my phone away and I'm the happiest person I could be right now."

What do you think is the best way for parents to monitor teens' social media use? Share your thoughts with Kelly Wallace on Twitter @kellywallacetv or CNN Parents on Facebook.

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how parents can stop the worst of social media - cnn

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How parents can stop the worst of social media - CNN

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My kids won't be allowed to have smartphones until middle school at the earliest, but once the genie is out of the bottle, how will I possibly be able to keep tabs on everything they're doing on Instagram, Twitter, Snapchat, Facebook and all the other yet-to-be created social networks?

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Social media has become an extension of the school hallway for the vast majority of American students, with all the flirting, drama, occasional cruelty and flashes of maturity, according to a survey released today by Pew Research Center's Internet & American Life Project.

The report also shows that electronic behavior has become a new frontier of parenting. Our own behavior may be changing as fast as our kids. We're watching them more closely, talking to them more about online connections and understanding that social media has become part of growing up.

According to " Teens, Kindness and Cruelty on Social Network Sites: How American teens navigate the new world of 'digital citizenship', " 95 percent of 12- to-17-year-olds are online and 80 percent of them belong to social media sites. The 80-page-report, a result of interviews, focus groups and a phone survey, offers interesting insights into how teens interact on sites like Facebook and MySpace. (It offers evidence that bullying and harassment is part of teen electronic life.)

On the heartening front, it turns out most teens do follow our advice Close to 60 percent of teen internet and cell phone users cited their parents as their biggest influence when it comes to their connected behavior.

"One of the most surprising takeaways from this research is that parents matter," wrote Amanda Lenhart, a primary author of the study who discussed the results with me, fittingly, in an electronic exchange.

Parents also watch. Researchers found that parents are getting less shy about "friending." Eighty percent of parents who use social media and whose children use social media said they had friended their child.

Close to the same percentage, 77 percent, said they have checked to see which Web sites their children had visited. That's up from 65 percent in 2006. And 66 percent of parents have checked to see what information is available online about their child. Half of the parents reported using parental controls on the child's media.

There are significant minorities who are not embracing the trend to monitor. Lenhart said those parents tend to fall into one of two camps.

There are parents who are consciously avoiding monitoring to allow them privacy. A survey recently done by the Family Online Safety Institute [pdf], which partnered with Pew for the study released today, found that most parents who do not use electronic controls say it's because they trust their children.

The other camp is home to parents who do not have the access, time or means to monitor their children.

"I think it's important to remember that not all parents of teens are computer or technology savvy. Not all of them use social media, or have the Internet skills to know how to do even some of these actions described in the survey.

"Think about parents for whom English isn't a first language, or who work multiple jobs, or who don't work with the Internet or computers in their workplace. There are many different barriers that might keep a parent or guardian from monitoring their teens' Internet use," Lenhart wrote.

The overwhelming majority of parents, whether connected or not, do talk to their children about life online. "This research shows us that parents are a major source of general online safety advice for teens, and perhaps more importantly, that parents also serve as the biggest source of influence on what teens think is appropriate and inappropriate behavior online and on cell phones," Lenhart said.

As for the sizeable minority who did not cite their parents? Eighteeen percent said someone else was their biggest influence and another 18% said "no one" was.

"It isn't all entirely up to parents. Teens are actually learning about online safety and responsibility from a wide variety of sources - teachers, family, friends, librarians, youth pastors, Web sites, Internet and cell phone service providers - all of these people and places have a role in teaching kids how to be responsible users of digital technology," she said.

Do you monitor your child's social media activities? Do you use parental controls? Why or why not?

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Social media, teens, parents and whether to 'friend'

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Social media has become an extension of the school hallway for the vast majority of American students, with all the flirting, drama, occasional cruelty and flashes of maturity, according to a survey released today by Pew Research Center's Internet & American Life Project. The report also shows that electronic behavior has become a new frontier of parenting.

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Social media sites help us stay connected, but for younger teens, the cost of online connectivity can be steep.

A recent report, " Social Media Use and Children's Wellbeing," published by IZA Institute of Labor Economics, found that kids between 10 and 15 who spend as little as one hour a day chatting on social networks are overall less content.

An Hour a Day Keeps Happiness Away

"Spending one hour a day chatting on social networks reduces the probability of being completely satisfied with life overall by approximately 14 percentage points," the study's authors wrote in the paper's conclusion.

The research, which was conducted from 2010 through 2014 and surveyed British households, was partially an effort to "contribute to wider debates about the socioeconomic consequences of the internet and digital technologies."

Issues of cyberbullying, an increase in social comparisons, and a decrease in real-life, face-to-face activities were cited in the study as theories explaining "why extensive social media use may have a negative effect on children's well-being."

While this is a British study that researched solely British families, American families can certainly relate to the primary and at times harmful role social media may play in their teens' lives.

"The average teen spends nine hours per day using electronic devices, much of which is social media," said Tom Kersting, a psychotherapist, school counselor, and the author of Disconnected: How To Reconnect Our Digitally Distracted Kids. "It has become more than just a part of life; it's now a way of life."

And this is where things get tricky. It's not as though we can simply delete our teens' social media accounts and wipe our hands of the matter. In a sense, we've traveled too far down the rabbit hole of the internet to just disconnect. So what are we to do? How can we ensure that teens have as positive a social media experience as possible, and that it does not interfere with their general well-being?

Time for an Education

Even if your teen is already hooked on social media, it's not too late to sit him or her down and go over the risks - as well as the benefits - of social networking. Here you also have an opportunity to set some firm boundaries.

"I think it is important for teachers, parents, and counselors to educate teens about the risks of social media and expose them to the issue," said Nityda Coleman, a clinical social worker and therapist at Teen Therapy Austin. "It's important to go into detail around why social media can be harmful as well as helpful."

The best way to give teens an education on the pros and cons of social media, in the opinion of Dion Metzger, M.D, a board certified psychiatrist, is to give solid advice on the "do's" and "do nots" of sharing on social media.

"I would give a list of things that are considered 'oversharing' and give an exact list of what's meant to 'stay off limits and offline,'" said Metzger.

Schedule IRL Activities

Teens tend to turn to social media when they don't have anything else to do. One simple way to remedy this? Plan something for them to do that gets them out of the house. If you must, ask that they keep their smartphone at home or in the glove compartment for some solid time of total disconnection.

"Parents need to fill teens' time with more productive, structured activities, from music lessons to sports, so that teens have less time to go on social media," said Carole Lieberman, M.D., a doctor, psychiatrist, and author.

"Another strategy is to insist that their teen keeps a diary of how much time they spend on social media and how they felt afterwards," added Lieberman. "This will allow the teen to see for himself that it was a waste of time that only made him feel bad. Then have him make a list of all the other things he could have been doing instead."

Check In and Empathize

If you are concerned about your teen experiencing anxiety or depression because of social media, perhaps the most important thing you can do is to keep tuned in to how they feel. Let them know that you're not just there to enforce rules and limitations, but also to listen and to help them get through problems when they arise.

"Let your teen know that you might want to check in on her/him every now and again," said Coleman. It is extremely important to listen to, empathize with, and validate your teen's experiences and perception of the world both on and off social media. Rather than giving her/him advice or a solution, listen. The more you rush in with advice, the more you'll push teens away and they'll feel that you just don't get them. You've already now empowered them through education, now give them the space to practice making good decisions."

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Just one hour a day on social media makes teens miserable

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Social media sites help us stay connected, but for younger teens, the cost of online connectivity can be steep. A recent report, " Social Media Use and Children's Wellbeing," published by IZA Institute of Labor Economics, found that kids between 10 and 15 who spend as little as one hour a day chatting on social networks are overall less content.

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In the new Jason Reitman flick "Men, Women & Children," a prying mom (Jennifer Garner) monitors every email and text message sent by her teenage daughter.

"You've read through every solitary interaction I've had on every single website, Mom," says the indignant teen.

To which her mother responds, "Honey, you know I just do this to keep you safe. OK, let me see your phone."

This might seem like a far-fetched scene, played up for laughs.

But in this particular case, art imitates real life.

Intense parental scrutiny of phones and other technology - which can include anything from knowing the exact location of a child at all times to having records of a child's emails, texts and social media activity sent straight to a parent's own phone - is on the rise.

"People say, 'I don't want to spy on my kids,' but all parents want their kids protected online, and as more and more people get it that they have to take precautions, the industry is growing rapidly," says Josh Gabel, COO of Qustodio.

His company produces an app that parents can install on their kids' devices to restrict their Internet browsing and to "monitor for signs of cyberbullying and online predators."

According to Gabel, at least 60 percent of parents believe they should have control over exactly what their kids do on their phones and other technology, which has translated to nearly $1 billion in annual sales for products like his. And the numbers continue to grow.

And while these parents might seem like the ultimate control freaks, recent news suggests they might have good reason.

In Georgia, an appellate court has revived a negligence lawsuit against the parents of a boy who allegedly created a false Facebook profile of a female classmate. The court said a reasonable jury could very well conclude that the parents are liable for having "failed to exercise due care in supervising and controlling" their son's activity.

Though Qustodio is an app that can be identified by kids once placed on their phone, other technologies, like TeenSafe, are invisible, allowing parents to pry unannounced if they choose.

One Westchester dad installed TeenSafe on his 14-year-old daughter's phone to track texting and group chats ("areas of potential danger") once a week. (He declined to give his name because he hasn't told her he's monitoring her.)

Though he has yet to find anything worrisome in the texts he scans ("looking at every single letter and every single word might be overstepping," he explains), he learns enough to have "productive conversations" with his teen, who he feels is particularly socially vulnerable.

Rawdon Messenger, CEO of TeenSafe, a monitoring tool which has had more than 500,000 sign-ups since it launched in 2013 and growth of 10 percent per month, says anecdotal evidence shows more than half of kids know that they're being watched, and the company encourages parents to come clean about it.

But Messenger adds, "We have no way of enforcing that."

Tina Sustaeta, a licensed professional counselor with Carousel Pediatrics in Texas, is a big proponent of TeenSafe - both for clients and her own four kids.

"I made the assumption that my kids at private school wouldn't hear about drugs, but it doesn't matter the school, the neighborhood, how much money you have. They have access to so much more now, and these tools allow me to know what I need to know at every developmental stage, and to bring it up in a subtle way," she says.

But not everyone is onboard with this strange new world of constant monitoring.

"You create greater danger than what's out there online when you try to control every single aspect of a teenager's life, to track where they are and take their phones and read their texts," says Yalda Uhls, a developmental psychologist and media researcher for UCLA.

"It doesn't build an honest, trustful relationship between the parent and child, and like with any extreme parenting, children will rebel like Jennifer Garner's daughter does in the movie."

Understandably, she says, "People are terrified, and they don't know what to do now that technology is so pervasive in their kids' lives."

But much of the fear, she says, is overreaction.

"The truth is that very few children actually get attacked by sexual predators, and of the 25 prosecuted cases a year [nationally] of children who met up for sex with someone they met online, they had all exhibited problems in their offline behavior."

Still, many parents want to stay highly involved in their children's technology, openly if not on the sly, to help educate kids on how to behave in the online world. And some of them come clean about their monitoring from the beginning.

People are terrified, and they don't know what to do now that technology is so pervasive in their kids' lives.
- Developmental psychologist Yalda Uhls

Kathryn Koegel is well aware of what lurks on social media, especially targeted advertising.

As a result, the digital consultant regularly looks at the emails of her 11-year-old daughter and 12-year-old son, and unapologetically logs on with their passwords to see posts on Instagram and Snapchat.

Though she says she "could definitely see snooping going south," she believes she "started [early] enough that there is no expectation of privacy."

Is privacy a thing of the past with this generation?

Recently, Koegel was given greater reason to look more closely at posts when she got a call from a fellow Park Slope parent saying her son was on a date with a girl, and everyone but her knew it from Instagram.

"It wasn't even really a date, but he had posted online who he was going to the movies with so when he got home, it gave me a great reason to say, 'Please understand that what you post is public.' Now that Park Slope is talking about his 'date,' he is keenly aware of that."

Jim Beeghley, Ed.D, instructional technology coordinator for Lancaster Country Day School outside of Harrisburg, Pa., says that openly monitoring the phones of his four kids - a 17-year-old daughter and sons 13, 12 and 9 - is simply a matter of preparing them for the working world.

"All their accounts come in to our phones, and my philosophy is, 'We pay for the phone, it's not really yours, and if I want to look at the text messages, I can,' " he says.

"It's not a discipline thing, it's a responsibility thing. If you get into the work world, your boss owns your email."

But some say the whole "I own the phone, I make the rules" logic is a weak excuse.

"If you have to spy on your kids, something's wrong," says Michael Brody, a child psychiatrist and head of the media committee for the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.

The whole business of overzealously monitoring kids is ridiculous and completely infantilizes your child.
- Child psychiatrist Michael Brody

"What works to get kids on the right track is the bond between the parent and the child, and that's much stronger than any punishment or anything else. If there is a bond, and the parent expresses disappointment, that's very important.

"The whole business of overzealously monitoring kids is ridiculous and completely infantilizes your child," he adds.

As for online dangers, he says there are far fewer predators than the media would make us believe, and what parents need to do is discuss real issues, like, "Don't get drunk in a fraternity house."

"Kids have to learn to be their own best parent, and parents have to give up control, otherwise kids become helpless," he says.

Todd Michael Cohan agrees. Cohan - president of the MobileGuard monitoring service for corporate compliance - created ControlMobile for parents after a friend's autistic daughter started communicating online with a 25-year-old pedophile.

Still, he says, he's not the kind of parent to use the technology.

"I would feel terrible using this service on my 9-year-old, who trusts me with her diary. Dealing with sex or drugs, you're not going to stop them," he says. "Our job as parents is to raise them to be good adults with good advice that fits the times. "

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Is it ever OK for parents to cyber-spy on their kids?

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In the new Jason Reitman flick "Men, Women & Children," a prying mom (Jennifer Garner) monitors every email and text message sent by her teenage daughter. "You've read through every solitary interaction I've had on every single website, Mom," says the indignant teen.

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When Shelley Prevost's oldest child was 10, she and her husband signed him up for a Minecraft account. "It literally changed my life as a mom overnight," the psychologist says.

Soon, she and her husband were worried their son was sick. He started to hate school and was sleeping late. The reason, they discovered, was that after she and her husband went to sleep, their son got up, found an iPad or computer, figured out the password, and played Minecraft until it was time to get up for school.

"I had worked so hard to be balanced and boundaried," she said about the technology. "Everything I tried to do, we just felt in over our head. I would just unplug the router every night."

She soon talked to friends, one who discovered her daughter using her phone in the middle of the night. Another said her daughter came to her after posting a video on YouTube in which she was wearing a bikini at a pool. A man from another country had tried to get the teen to contact him.
'They call it Bunny Hunting'
Prevost's issues with her son were the impetus for her inventing a product called Torch, a wireless router that can act as an Internet timer, filter and blocker. But, she said, she didn't want this or any other product or app to be a substitute for conversation with her three children. "That's the key: How do we use these tools as a conversation?"

As children of every age navigate the new world of devices, online games and social media sites, parents are attempting to buckle down in every way possible. Many have downloaded apps or software to block sites or monitor their child's every online move. They retain passwords and the right to look at anything their tweens are doing on their phones. Others put geotrackers on kids' devices so they know where they are at all times. But one thing parents can't forget is how to talk to their children so they can truly monitor what's going on with devices and all that comes with them.

[The sext was meant to impress him. Instead, it nearly destroyed her.]

Let's put it this way: Your daughter could be crying in her room right now because of something she saw on Snapchat, explained Devorah Heitner, author of " Screenwise: Helping Kids Thrive in their Digital World." But how would you know why she's crying unless you're talking with her? Your monitoring app may show she was on Snapchat. That won't tell you much unless you're having conversations with your daughter about what she's facing. "The problem with apps is they give you data, but it's just raw data," Heitner says. "If [your teens] are trying to hide from you, they can. ... The key is conversation."

Protecting teens, especially, is a two-step process, says Michael Oberschneider, a child psychologist with Ashburn Psychological and Psychiatric Services, and author of the children's book " Ollie Outside: Screen-Free Fun." "Have tons of conversations. And have guidelines in place as a family," he said. And if you decide to use tracking software or apps, be open about it. "Get buy-in from kids. ... Explain what systems you're using; don't sneak them onto the phone." You have to have some trust and respect, he said. And adjust as necessary.

Other advice Oberschneider gives to parents:

Block adult content with parental controls on all devices.

Designate screen-free zones in the house.

Technology use should be in public. Don't let kids have TVs, gaming systems or computers in their rooms.

Keep them busy. If your child is outside the house and busy, she or he won't have the time to become addicted or go off-track with devices.

Periodically check the browser history of your child or teen's computer and other devices.

Talk to your child or teen about appropriate behaviors that apply in both real and online worlds.

Lead by example and limit your own media use.

Technology should be a positive thing for children and teens. When used appropriately, it can complement their lives.

Familiarize yourself with the sites and activities they're interested in.

Discuss the importance of anonymity and privacy online.

Make clear to your child that they should speak to you as soon as they feel harassed, bullied or uncomfortable in any way when using technology.

Helpful sites he recommends for parents to educate themselves:

Get Net Wise

American Academy of Pediatrics Safety Net Initiative

FBI Parent's Guide to Internet Safety

Wired Safety

On Guard Online

But the most important thing is to talk and have a relationship with tweens and teens. Monitoring software exists and can be used gently, but apps that control and watch everything a teen does can easily backfire. "You have to have a plan for independence," Heitner says. She recently spoke at a high school where a parent told her they still geotrack their child who is at college. "So what's your plan for later?" Heitner, also a former college professor, asked.

[Why I don't monitor my kids' texts anymore]

Before your child gets a phone, she suggests, talk about what might come up. "Say things like 'What will you do when people are talking meanly about someone else in a group text?' " You can talk about potential issues as early as third grade, because even the youngest children can pretty easily find things like pornography online. And learn to ask kids first before sharing a photo of them on social media. That way, they can feel like they have control of their online presence, and it will become more ingrained in them to ask before sharing some else's photo when they're older.

And to that point, parents, try to keep yourself in check when things go wrong. "We wanted kids to have less sex and get pregnant less, and they're doing that. But now they're sending these naked pictures," Heitner said. Sending nearly nude or nude pictures of oneself isn't uncommon. Obviously, no one wants their kid to sext, "but it's so, so prevalent," she said. "It's important to discourage, but also to destigmatize." If you only monitor via app, you may miss important conversations you should have with your child.

We're handing kids phones when their ability to think about consequences is at an all-time low. As Oberschneider said, we need to be their frontal lobe for them when they are in their teens. As he put it: "That's why rental car companies don't rent until someone's 25."
Like On Parenting on Facebook for more essays, advice and news. You can sign up here for our newsletter. On Parenting can be found at washingtonpost.com/onparenting. You might also be interested in: Parenting (and shaming) teens in the online age Parenting in the digital age: Tips to help kids and parents today Why you need to have the social media talk earlier than you think

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Protecting your kids online takes a lot more than tracking their devices

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When Shelley Prevost's oldest child was 10, she and her husband signed him up for a Minecraft account. "It literally changed my life as a mom overnight," the psychologist says. Soon, she and her husband were worried their son was sick. He started to hate school and was sleeping late.

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Writing into the Session:
How is your writing going? What are your strengths and weaknesses? (5 min)
**Continue writing your essay. Think about word choice, evidence PLUS Harris Moves (how does it help your claim?!), transitions, etc.

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60 min. Guided Instruction/ 30min. independent writing
1. What is a claim? Pwpt: Write, revise, revise, revise!
2. Structure! Review "Moves Writers Make" handout.
3. In your writer's notebook, recreate and fill out the "Connecting Evidence to Claims Planner".
4. Begin drafting your argument essays

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Writing into the Session:
1. We're going to read the last article of the week differently- (explain) JIGSAW and Note-Catcher! After reading your assigned article in your group, move to steps 2/3.
2. In your writer's notebook, draw a simple graphic that represents the relationship among these three articles.
3. Write a short explanation of your graphic.
4. Go back to your original group. Each of you is an expert on your article now; share with your group the best pieces of info and EVIDENCE for them to record on their notecatchers! Discuss in whole group!

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Writing into the Session:
1. Read & annotate today's article.
2. Underline or note in the margin the main claim of the article.
3. Highlight what you consider to be the writer’s strongest evidence.
4. Then write informally for 5-7 minutes:
**What do you want to know more about?
Where do you stand on this issue today?
*NEXT, read, annotate, and discuss the article in whole group.
*Finally, explicit teaching of Harris Moves, guided notes, exemplar/model texts AND practice!

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Writing into the Session:
1. "Should teens have privacy online and on social media?" Write for 3-5 min. about this question.
2. Read & annotate today's article.
3. Underline or note in the margin the main claim of the article.
4. Highlight what you consider to be the writer’s strongest evidence.
5. Then write informally for 5-7 minutes:
**What do you want to know more about?
Where do you stand on this issue today?
*NEXT, read, annotate, and discuss the article in whole group.
*Finally, it's time to INVESTIGATE a crime scene! Follow teacher's directions for an activity about choosing the BEST evidence!

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Making Moves in Writing: Student Examples and Annotations

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Making Moves in Writing: Student Examples and Annotations

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Joseph Harris