# data[].attributes.body
Rahimie
Rahimie
Lecture slide Chapter 2
 M02_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C02
M02_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C02
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Lecture slide Chapter 1
 M01_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C01
M01_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C01
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BAIZURA BINTI LAIMAN (BB15110112)
BAIZURA BINTI LAIMAN (BB15110112)
VIDEO 1 
Video one tell us about how money system works in economy . Transaction is one of the things that consists of two parties such as buyer and sellers. This two parties will do transaction because of want to gain money and purchase goods and service.
video 2
The video shows how the currency supply works. Banks play an important role where this institutions be the intermediaries between savers and borrowers. They will set a ratio to be keep in the bank and to be loan to others. Government can issue bond to get money to help them in deficit spending.
Rahimie
Rahimie
For tomorrow class, you are required to form a group consisting of 6 to 8 students in a group for your group assignments. Please find and get your group ready by tomorrow.  The group leaders are required to register their group members during the class tomorrow. Thank you. 
Rahimie
Rahimie
Assignment cover page
 Assignment Cover Page 170115
Assignment Cover Page 170115
Word document
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BD20203 Money and Capital Markets course syllabus
 BD20203 Course Syllabus Sem 1 2017-2018-Revised MQA 090917
BD20203 Course Syllabus Sem 1 2017-2018-Revised MQA 090917
PDF document
padlet drive
Rahimie
Rahimie
Salam all. Welcome back to our lovely campus and I hope you all are ready for the new semester with renewed commitment and determination to excel in your study.  Welcome to BD20203 Money and Capital Market course. Our class shall starts tomorrow, Tuesday, 12th September 2017 at DKP 16.  I look forward to seeing you soon. Meanwhile, kindly download the course materials from this Padlet.  Thank you.
 add

# data[].attributes.body
Rahimie
Rahimie
Lecture slide Chapter 2
 M02_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C02
M02_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C02
PDF document
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Lecture slide Chapter 1
 M01_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C01
M01_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C01
PDF document
padlet drive
BAIZURA BINTI LAIMAN (BB15110112)
BAIZURA BINTI LAIMAN (BB15110112)
VIDEO 1 
Video one tell us about how money system works in economy . Transaction is one of the things that consists of two parties such as buyer and sellers. This two parties will do transaction because of want to gain money and purchase goods and service.
video 2
The video shows how the currency supply works. Banks play an important role where this institutions be the intermediaries between savers and borrowers. They will set a ratio to be keep in the bank and to be loan to others. Government can issue bond to get money to help them in deficit spending.
Rahimie
Rahimie
For tomorrow class, you are required to form a group consisting of 6 to 8 students in a group for your group assignments. Please find and get your group ready by tomorrow.  The group leaders are required to register their group members during the class tomorrow. Thank you. 
Rahimie
Rahimie
Assignment cover page
 Assignment Cover Page 170115
Assignment Cover Page 170115
Word document
padlet drive
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Rahimie
BD20203 Money and Capital Markets course syllabus
 BD20203 Course Syllabus Sem 1 2017-2018-Revised MQA 090917
BD20203 Course Syllabus Sem 1 2017-2018-Revised MQA 090917
PDF document
padlet drive
Rahimie
Rahimie
Salam all. Welcome back to our lovely campus and I hope you all are ready for the new semester with renewed commitment and determination to excel in your study.  Welcome to BD20203 Money and Capital Market course. Our class shall starts tomorrow, Tuesday, 12th September 2017 at DKP 16.  I look forward to seeing you soon. Meanwhile, kindly download the course materials from this Padlet.  Thank you.
 add

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Transaction happen everyday in our daily life to satisfy our different needs and wants. When transactions happen, it will always involve money. In Malaysia, the supply of money control by Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) through monetary policy. When inflation happen, BNM will increase the interest rate to reduce the spending and encourage more saving in bank account and vice versa. 

Video 2: 
When people want to purchase house or car, they will lend their fund from financial institutions such as commercial bank. The bank can earning through charging interest rate on the fund that they borrow. The earnings are used to pay to the savers as the benefits to save their money in that particular bank. However, all the banks are required by BNM to reserved a portion of the fund which is known as reserve ratio. 

FERA AZURA BINTI ABD LATIF @ LATIP (BB15160889)
FERA AZURA BINTI ABD LATIF @ LATIP (BB15160889)
VIDEO 1

In my opinion, money system occurred when transaction happened between two parties. Each transaction including the exchange between money and goods or services. In the economic system, the biggest buyer/seller is the government; central bank and central government. Central bank control the monetary. For instance, they control the amount of money (printing coins and cash and etc).
In economic situation, inflation only happened only when the prices of the goods and services is increased. If the crises rise, central bank will raise the interest rates.

VIDEO 2


MUHD SYAHFIZUL BIN JEFFRI (BB15110434)
MUHD SYAHFIZUL BIN JEFFRI (BB15110434)

VIDEO 1 

Economic transactions occur when two parties agree to the value or price of the transacted good or service, commonly expressed in a certain currency. Monetary transactions only account for a small part of the economic domain.
A market based economy is where goods and services are produced and exchanged according to demand and supply between participants by medium of exchange with a credit or debit value accepted within the network, such as a unit of currency.

Rahimie
Rahimie
Video 2: Please watch and understand this video. Thanks
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=23DNe0cJhcU
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Rahimie
Video 1: Please watch and understand this video. Thanks
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2zY4eHLdODI
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Lecture slide Chapter 10
 M10_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C10
M10_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C10
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Lecture slide Chapter 9
 M09_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C09
M09_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C09
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Lecture slide Chapter 8
 M08_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C08
M08_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C08
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Lecture slide Chapter 7
 M07_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C07
M07_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C07
PDF document
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Lecture slide Chapter 4
 M04_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C04
M04_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C04
PDF document
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Lecture slide Chapter 3
 M03_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C03
M03_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C03
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Lecture slide Chapter 2
 M02_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C02
M02_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C02
PDF document
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Lecture slide Chapter 1
 M01_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C01
M01_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C01
PDF document
padlet drive
BAIZURA BINTI LAIMAN (BB15110112)
BAIZURA BINTI LAIMAN (BB15110112)
VIDEO 1 
Video one tell us about how money system works in economy . Transaction is one of the things that consists of two parties such as buyer and sellers. This two parties will do transaction because of want to gain money and purchase goods and service.
video 2
The video shows how the currency supply works. Banks play an important role where this institutions be the intermediaries between savers and borrowers. They will set a ratio to be keep in the bank and to be loan to others. Government can issue bond to get money to help them in deficit spending.
Rahimie
Rahimie
For tomorrow class, you are required to form a group consisting of 6 to 8 students in a group for your group assignments. Please find and get your group ready by tomorrow.  The group leaders are required to register their group members during the class tomorrow. Thank you. 
Rahimie
Rahimie
Assignment cover page
 Assignment Cover Page 170115
Assignment Cover Page 170115
Word document
padlet drive
Rahimie
Rahimie
BD20203 Money and Capital Markets course syllabus
 BD20203 Course Syllabus Sem 1 2017-2018-Revised MQA 090917
BD20203 Course Syllabus Sem 1 2017-2018-Revised MQA 090917
PDF document
padlet drive
Rahimie
Rahimie
Salam all. Welcome back to our lovely campus and I hope you all are ready for the new semester with renewed commitment and determination to excel in your study.  Welcome to BD20203 Money and Capital Market course. Our class shall starts tomorrow, Tuesday, 12th September 2017 at DKP 16.  I look forward to seeing you soon. Meanwhile, kindly download the course materials from this Padlet.  Thank you.
 add

# data[].attributes.body
Rahimie
Rahimie
Lecture slide Chapter 3
 M03_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C03
M03_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C03
PDF document
padlet drive
Rahimie
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Lecture slide Chapter 2
 M02_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C02
M02_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C02
PDF document
padlet drive
Rahimie
Rahimie
Lecture slide Chapter 1
 M01_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C01
M01_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C01
PDF document
padlet drive
BAIZURA BINTI LAIMAN (BB15110112)
BAIZURA BINTI LAIMAN (BB15110112)
VIDEO 1 
Video one tell us about how money system works in economy . Transaction is one of the things that consists of two parties such as buyer and sellers. This two parties will do transaction because of want to gain money and purchase goods and service.
video 2
The video shows how the currency supply works. Banks play an important role where this institutions be the intermediaries between savers and borrowers. They will set a ratio to be keep in the bank and to be loan to others. Government can issue bond to get money to help them in deficit spending.
Rahimie
Rahimie
For tomorrow class, you are required to form a group consisting of 6 to 8 students in a group for your group assignments. Please find and get your group ready by tomorrow.  The group leaders are required to register their group members during the class tomorrow. Thank you. 
Rahimie
Rahimie
Assignment cover page
 Assignment Cover Page 170115
Assignment Cover Page 170115
Word document
padlet drive
Rahimie
Rahimie
BD20203 Money and Capital Markets course syllabus
 BD20203 Course Syllabus Sem 1 2017-2018-Revised MQA 090917
BD20203 Course Syllabus Sem 1 2017-2018-Revised MQA 090917
PDF document
padlet drive
Rahimie
Rahimie
Salam all. Welcome back to our lovely campus and I hope you all are ready for the new semester with renewed commitment and determination to excel in your study.  Welcome to BD20203 Money and Capital Market course. Our class shall starts tomorrow, Tuesday, 12th September 2017 at DKP 16.  I look forward to seeing you soon. Meanwhile, kindly download the course materials from this Padlet.  Thank you.
 add

# data[].attributes.body
Rahimie
Rahimie
Lecture slide Chapter 1
 M01_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C01
M01_MishkinEakins3427056_08_FMI_C01
PDF document
padlet drive
BAIZURA BINTI LAIMAN (BB15110112)
BAIZURA BINTI LAIMAN (BB15110112)
VIDEO 1 
Video one tell us about how money system works in economy . Transaction is one of the things that consists of two parties such as buyer and sellers. This two parties will do transaction because of want to gain money and purchase goods and service.
video 2
The video shows how the currency supply works. Banks play an important role where this institutions be the intermediaries between savers and borrowers. They will set a ratio to be keep in the bank and to be loan to others. Government can issue bond to get money to help them in deficit spending.
Rahimie
Rahimie
For tomorrow class, you are required to form a group consisting of 6 to 8 students in a group for your group assignments. Please find and get your group ready by tomorrow.  The group leaders are required to register their group members during the class tomorrow. Thank you. 
Rahimie
Rahimie
Assignment cover page
 Assignment Cover Page 170115
Assignment Cover Page 170115
Word document
padlet drive
Rahimie
Rahimie
BD20203 Money and Capital Markets course syllabus
 BD20203 Course Syllabus Sem 1 2017-2018-Revised MQA 090917
BD20203 Course Syllabus Sem 1 2017-2018-Revised MQA 090917
PDF document
padlet drive
Rahimie
Rahimie
Salam all. Welcome back to our lovely campus and I hope you all are ready for the new semester with renewed commitment and determination to excel in your study.  Welcome to BD20203 Money and Capital Market course. Our class shall starts tomorrow, Tuesday, 12th September 2017 at DKP 16.  I look forward to seeing you soon. Meanwhile, kindly download the course materials from this Padlet.  Thank you.
 add

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Salam all. Attached is your BD20203 preliminary carry marks for your kind perusal. Should you need further clarification, please do not hesitate to contact me. You may collect all your assessments from my ofis at the faculty soon or latest by next week.

I wish you all the very best in your final exam. Regards

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BD20203_End of Chapter Questions+Chapter 17

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BD20203_End of Chapter Questions+Chapter 16

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Salam all. Attached is the suggested solution for end-of-chapter questions as stated for your kind revision. Do contact me shud u need further assistance.Rgds,

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BD20203_End of Chapter Questions+Chapter 4

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Lecture Slide Chapter 24  : Hedging with Financial Derivatives

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Lecture Slide Chapter 23  : Risk Management in Financial Institutions

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Lecture Slide Chapter 22  : Investment Banks

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Lecture Slide Chapter 21  : Insurance Companies and Pension Funds

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Lecture Slide Chapter 20  : The Mutual Fund Industry

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Lecture Slide Chapter 16  : The International Financial System

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Lecture Slide Chapter 15  : The Foreign Exchange Market

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Lecture Slide Chapter 13  : The Stock Market

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Lecture Slide Chapter 11  : The Money Markets

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Forum ended here. Thank you.

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In my opinion, the budget 2018 definitely has some winners and losers (obviously) that's expected to be in the following year. One of the highlights that are crucial for the expenditure planning for 2018 would be the reduction of individual income tax. According to the budget, the tax would be reduced from 5% to 3% for those who have income ranges from RM 20,001-RM35,000, 10% to 8% for the range of RM35,001-RM50,000, and 16% to 14% for the range of RM50,001 to RM70,000. Each change of the percentage can amount to a very high amount of money and this will affect the people's spendings. With the reduction of individual income tax, the spending of the people will increase in the coming year which will probably help the economic growth. Of course, the money capital market will also experience changes due to the possible increasing money supply. Lastly, it was expected that (as said during the budget) such change in tax payment, will benefit 2.3 million taxpayers in the nation. [Personally, I think this is quite a bold move from the government because this will affect the government earnings to pay back our increasing debt.]

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KHAMISAH CHOW BINTI MOHD AMAN BB15110302

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KHAMISAH CHOW BINTI MOHD AMAN BB15110302

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In my opinion, the budget 2018 is expected to have a neutral to mildly positive impact on the overall local equity market. Based on the analysts, several sectors were key beneficiaries from the budget 2018 including construction, consumer, retail, automotive, aviation, hospitality, banking and property. And I will focus my discussion on construction sector which the budget 2018 is expected to bring in RM350 millions of construction projects. Even though the budget did not exactly mention the total amount of allocations to the construction industry after all the government had allocated RM210 billion for infrastructure and housing projects such as 1Malaysia People’s Housing Programme (PR1MA) and Mass Rapid Transit Line 3 or Circle Line. Unlike, the budget 2017 only had been allocated RM99 billion. Moreover, the government for intensify measures by making it mandatory for all private projects to use industrialised building system (IBS) for projects valued at RM50mil or more in three years' time. Therefore, it will reduce the usage of building materials that are inflicting the environment, but can also lead to reducing dependency on foreign workers. Lastly, it can also boost the economic growth of our country and bring benefit to us.

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In my opinion, Malaysian Budget 2018 are giving a lot of benefits to its nation. Because this year the budget focused on stimulating domestic investments, developing future generations and enhancing the well-being of the nation, including improving the inclusivity. For the well-being of the nations, the personal income tax rate will reduce for chargeable income bands between RM20K to RM70K, so nations can make savings between RM300 to RM1K. The housing also affordable because there is 50% of tax exemption for rental income RM2K and below per residential home per month. Some additional also to the PR1MA housing around 210,000 units.

In the invigorating the economy, this budget also boosting the digital economy and high tech sector. For example is the Cyberjaya Futurise Centre and expansion on regulatory sandbox to elevate innovation. Next, it can promote the regional hub, principal hub tax incentive extended to 31 Dec 2020. This budget also can develop the tourism. A special tourism healthcare incentive will increase to 100%. RM1billion funding for venture capital investments. The most interesting is, the budget will lowering the cost of business. Certain GST relief such as handling services rendered to cruise operators, importation on the aircraft, ships and oil rigs. Services also will be provided by local authorities and not subject to GST.

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Intan nadhirah binti zulkiflee (bb15160898)

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Intan nadhirah binti zulkiflee (bb15160898)

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in my opinion regarding the Malaysia budget 2018 are it giving a lot of benefits to the malaysian citizen and it focusing to achieve economic growth. firstly in terms of programmes such as eRezeki,eUsahawan and eLadang,  it encourage for youth to venture into entrepreneurship if they cannot find a stable employment, this initiatives give good impact for malaysian citizen,especially for youth to enchance more skills and generate income. Besides that, in terms of encourage repayments of PTPTN, the government has extended several incentives until december 2018,our prime minister Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak had stated that 20% discount will be given to those who fully settle their loan and 10% discount will be given those who settle 50% of what they had owe and 10% discount also given for those  who payback via salary cuts or direct debit, RM 200 million also has been allocated for students from b40 group who studying courses that are high demand,the settlement loans has been extended to 12 month after their studies have finished compared to 6 month currently practised, and for those who want to further their studies for example, from diploma to degree,can combine their separate loans and only need to repay them after completed their degrees, it does give benefit for those who applying PTPTN and give less burden for borrower. furthermore. in terms of tax rates for household earning less than rm9k to be reduced. these cuts will be applicable to middle class and that tax rate will be reduced by two percentage points for those who earned between RM20,000 and RM70,000, those that earned between RM20,001 to RM35,000 will have tax rate reduced by 5% to 3% while those that earned between RM50,001 to RM 70,000 will be reduced by 16%to 14% and those who earned RM 35,001 to RM50,000 will have their tax reduced by 10% to 8 %, this will increase with disposable income from RM300 to RM1,000.

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In my opinion, the Malaysia budget 2018 have give many impact on the Malaysia financial market not only on corporate sector but also the small and medium enterprise sector. There are various initiatives given by the government to promote the growth of the small and medium enterprise includes financial loan facilities such as microcredit. During the budget 2018presentation, the Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak announced that the total allocation for micro entrepreneurs are RM500 million for TEKUN, RM200 million for AIM and RM80 million for SPED. Microcredit is a very small loan offering to poor people who usually lack collateral, stable employment and legitimate credit history. It is designed to enable the poor people to start a small business. With the introduction of microcredit, now the poor people are able and easier to get loans because these schemes do not require any collateral or guarantor. In addition, microcredit also has more conditional income requirement, even in some cases it does not require any proof of income. Small and medium enterprises are very important in economic growth in Malaysia. Interest rate computation is different from home loans that use less balance method, while microcredits are using flat interest rates in the calculation of loan interest. However, microcredit will usually have high interest rates and short loan terms.

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Based on the budget 2018, it shows that

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SHAHZIHAH BINTI JULIUS@MOHD NOR (BB15110662

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SHAHZIHAH BINTI JULIUS@MOHD NOR (BB15110662

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Based on the proposed Malaysian 2018 budget announcement. In my opinion, the impact of this budget has had a positive and negative impact on the citizens and on the government itself.

As a university student, I am interested in comment on PTPTN loan repayment. Prime minister had been stated that the education funding will be extend grace period for repayment of loan from 6 to 12 months. I think this would be one of the advantage for the graduated student and also to students who will graduate. How this will be advantage for them? I giving one of my example here which is when this statement had been announce, the student that had been loan for PTPTN have an initiative  for them to planning early find a job after graduate because even the government has increased the amount of discount for loan payment its doesn't mean that easy for students find a job within this modern era.

About the discount that announce by the prime minister, I think  that the discount charged does not really help the borrower to pay it back because the current economic today was not too good. I found that, why not the government giving discount to borrower at least discount for monthly. I was thinking, by what the borrower pay the education funding. If she/he paying it with through the personal loan from banking, still same because she/he still need to pay the interest for the personal loan bank. Maybe yeah some borrower still can fully pay the education funding but not all of them. The question is, how someone can fully pay the education funding even she/he have a job that giving she/he not more than RM4,000 a month.

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In my opinion based on the budget 2018 which is Financial Planning Awareness Among People Still Low. The Financial Planning Association Malaysia (FPAM) also acknowledges that Malaysians are in desperate need of proper financial advice to continue living in times of challenging economic times. Exquisite financial planning is also capable of removing the low income group to get out of the cocoon B40 towards the M40. Many people are unclear between needs and wants where the simplest example is smoking symptoms. Many B40 groups are hardcore smokers who complain about the cost of living but are actually able to change the fate of the family just by quitting smoking.

So what is the solution in improving the quality of life of the people from financial aspect? In my opinion, the government needs to introduce and empower the financial planning agenda by creating awareness campaigns on the importance of financial planning. Malaysia's financial planning industry is still in its infancy and difficult to grow as it challenges other players in the same industry as unit trust and takaful product agents that have been in the market far ahead of the financial planning industry.

With a personal financial management awareness and tax deduction campaign, it will somehow reduce the burden of the government in the future both in terms of medical costs and retirement

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Based on the 2018 budget, the total budget allocation of 280.25 billion ringgit increased 260.8 billion in 2017 with 234.25 billion in operating expenditure and 46 billion in development. the economic sector has received the highest share of 26.34 billion. This means that economic play an important roll in our country. In my opinion, our prime minister has made a difficult decision by putting economic initiatives as a major focus on the government. According to the budget the fiscal deficit is expected to narrow to 2.8% in 2018 from 3% in 2017. This is show that the government are focus on reducing debts and deficits to ensuring the financial position remains strong. Next, government gave various incentives to the people for example aimed at increasing the capability of the people as traders and entrepreneurs through high impact investments, increased microfinance and further strengthening small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Other than that, one of the interesting topic in budget 2018 is to take into account the various races in Malaysia. Government not focus for Bumiputera only through the assistance of higher education scholarships and various skills and entrepreneurial upgrading programs, the Chinese and Indians are also helped to improve the quality of life through entrepreneurial activity among them. For example, RM80 million is allocated for SMEs and Chinese community hawkers, while an additional allocation of RM50 million for the socio-economic development program of the Indian community. Indians also benefit from the 1.5 billion additional units of Amanah Saham 1Malaysia under Permodalan Nasional Berhad (PNB) which will be specially allocated to them. Lastly, The 2018 budget is beneficial to all sectors of the economy and people of all ages especially for the lower income group (B40) and the secondary (M40) in accordance with the definition of mother of all budgets.

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The impact of the Malaysian bugdet 2018 on the Malaysian financial market

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The impact of the Malaysian bugdet 2018 on the Malaysian financial market

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BAIZURA BINTI LAIMAN BB15110112
Among industries affected by the 2018 budget is the construction industry where there are 3 news or catalysts that will affect the allocation of RM230 million for the central spine road to continue the construction of roads from Raub to Bentong and Gua Musang, and Kelantan to Kampung Relong, Pahang. RM110 million to provide alternative roads to Port Klang. The MRT3 is completed early in 2025 compared to 2027. The companies that will benefit from the above catalysts are Gamuda, George Kent, WCT, AQRS Combined, Mudajaya, Sunway Construction, New Dawn Builders and TRC Synergy. besides, the manufacturing industry where the rm455 million grant is compatible to upgrade smart manufacturing facilities. rm100 loan with 70% guarantee by the government to automate the production of furniture for export purposes. extending the incentive period for 200% accelerated capital allowance and profitable companies are companies involved with gloves such as Top Glove Corp, Hartalega Holdings, semiconductor companies such as Globetronic Technology and VS industries as well as furniture exporters such as Mieco Chipboard and Poh Huat Resources . Lastly, e-commerce of RM100 million will be provided to extend the eRezeki Program, eUsahawan and eLadang under the Malaysian Digital Economy Corporation (MDEC), while another RM60 million for the 1AZAM program. as always the company that provides e-Payment services as well as the courier needs to be paid attention. let's look at price movements lthat occur on the company's shares that are supposed to receive such as Gamuda, the price of the budget presentation on 27 october 2017 is rm5.20 and the stock price on 30 october 2017 is rm5.26, the increase in rm0 shares. 06 and its profit percentage is 1.15%. In addition, Top Glove Corp., the budget price share of the presentation is rm6.45 and at 30 october the share price remains the same and does not gain any profit and lastly is Hartalega Holdings, the share price at the budget presentation is rm7.68 and at 30 october dropped to rm7.62 and earned a percentage loss of 0.78%. the new tabling of the 2018 budget, has not yet begun the implementation phase of the ongoing projects. the stock market will continue to grow for next year.

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Based on my observation, since the prime minister took over the government, the focus has been on building a more comprehensive network infrastructure with the restructuring process of all public transport companies under Prasarana. The Prime Minister has also announced new infrastructure developments such as MRT1, 2 3 and KL-Singapore Rail Speed ​​(HSR) as well as ECRL. Last month, the MRT1 began to operate fully with a construction cost of approximately RM23Billion. It turns out that with the construction of a more comprehensive public transport network, it has a positive effect on the economy while increasing the productivity of workers through a time-saving workplace. If a user only uses public transport to work, the cost incurred is much lower than if he were driving to work. For example, users living in Kajang but working in Damansara City Center will spend about RM7.40 for two-way travel (TouchnGo). But if he wants to use public transportation with his family, it's no longer cost-effective and driving is definitely a more economical option to him.

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AZZALIZA MARIAM BINTI BASIR (BB15110110)

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AZZALIZA MARIAM BINTI BASIR (BB15110110)

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in my opinion, the initiative that introduced by the government on the issue of affordable housing was very good.  For example, the PR1MA introduced over the last five years should have built 625,000 affordable homes, but today, there are 50,000 PR1MA houses have been built despite the budget being given each year.
for my opinion, The PR1MA mechanism should be reviewed as it is clearly unable to solve the problem of affordable housing. The central government is advised to look into the model of Rumah Selangorku where cooperation between the state government and the developer allows the affordable housing to be sold at a truly affordable price. But I acknowledge that the collaborative effort can be done by the state government as all matters pertaining to land are under the power of the state government. The central government has already used the same model in the RUMAWIP project but this model can be expanded in other states with a condition that the state government will cooperate with the central government for the benefit of the people.

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Based on the Malaysian Budget 2018, Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak announced that the largest allocation for farmers, fisherman, rubber tappers and smallholders communities of RM6.5 billion. In my opinion, this situation good for the economic growth. This is because the agriculture sector had potential to help economic growth in the future. Other than that, there will be many employment opportunities in the rural. At the same time, this is good for entrepreneurs in agriculture to increase production and reduce the cost of living especially in rural areas. Additionally, improvement in the agriculture sector are capable of generation substantial revenue for the country by reducing import of goods and increasing export. In conclusion, it will attract the investor from local and foreign to invest their money in agriculture industry. Indirectly, the flow of money abroad reduce, as well as consider the revenue of export will increase.

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In my opinion, budget 2018 was very comprehensive in ensuring that the government growth would benefit the people. The budget touches all aspects of society and the rakyat from all walks of life. It also provides wide-ranging and inclusive measures to promote economic expansion and the well-being of the rakyat, particularly the medium and the lower-income group. As an example, the new implementation of infrastructure projects will contribute to the stimulate investments, which in turn generate capacity expansion in high growth. These include developing more infrastructure in logistics, preparing for and promoting the digital economy boosting productivity and also the automation. Budget 2018 also reflects the government's sensitivity to the rakyat. The focus on the reducing income tax for the lower income group increasing assistance for basic food and transport items and providing more allocation for affordable homes will go along way towards ensuring the rakyat short and long term interest.

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NOR ASRINA BINTI ABDUL SAAT (BB15110475)

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NOR ASRINA BINTI ABDUL SAAT (BB15110475)

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Inclusiveness is the key word from the 2018 Budget, with broad-reaching economic plans that aims to reduce income inequality, narrow gaps in wealth distribution, and bring socio-economic development to all Malaysians. We are pleased to see that the government remains focused on fiscal discipline and consolidation which should allay concerns that the government may pause on narrowing its deficit.
As a leading Islamic finance provider, we welcome the decision to stimulate Sustainable and Responsible Investment (SRI) in Malaysia through tax exemptions on Green Sukuk. This will facilitate the growth of Green Sukuk and bolster its position as a key driver in the Islamic financial market.

We appreciate the government’s efforts to further invigorate the capital market by introducing the Alternative Trading System. The demand for ATS in South East Asia is growing, and we are eager to see how this can drive capital market growth, bring improvements in execution speed, and reduce transaction cost.

Large-scale infrastructure development is a potent stimulus in driving domestic growth, and the growth of the Malaysian capital market; we see this in the major projects announced by the government, especially in the RM6.5billion allocation for infrastructure development in rural areas. Continued capital expenditure on infrastructure projects such as this is evidence of the long-term view taken by the government on providing the right ecosystem to support future economic growth.

The continued growth of SMEs and entrepreneurs is key to a robust economy and we are pleased to see the government continue to pay close attention to this sector by allocating R200 million for soft loans, training and grants via SME Corp. This is in addition to the RM7 billion allocated for the Working Capital Guarantee Scheme for SMEs and microenterprises to grow their businesses. Such initiatives are a positive sign for the continued growth for the Malaysian SME segment.

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In my opinion regarding the impact of the Malaysian Budget 2018 towards consumers spending are as examples government improve higher education funding PTPTN loan repayment to 20% discount for full settlement of outstanding debt. From there we can reduce our cost in paying a loan and we can increase our saving. Second is program generate income for rakyat such as provide more kedai rakyat 1 Malaysia, develop agrobazar Malaysia with lower selling price and subsidised goods, transportation and electricity. Benefits that we get we can buy our daily consumption product at a lower price. Government also reduce individual income tax rate and increase disposable income between Rm300-RM1000. So they will not be burden with the tax and they can save more money. New program was introduced by government that is Assistance to paddy farmers for 3 months (RM600) will be given to the farmers for they use before waiting the reaping season. All the benefits that will be given can help most of the people that need that.

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In my opinion, the total of rm280.25 billion malaysian budget 2018 that was announced last month have a good impact on the Malaysian Financial Market. This because , the stamp duty exemption for exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and structured warrants for 3 years that expected to boost the trading and liquidity in the capital market.

Moreover, Malaysia budget 2018 bring more benefits to all of us especially as a student. There’s more discounts of paying PTPTN loan based on how they pay thieir loan. These implementation can increase people’s cash flow. This is because if people’s cash flow increases, they will increase their consumer spending and will directly contribute to economic growth.

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The impact of Malaysian Budget 2018 on the Malaysian financial market can bring improvement to economy. One of the impact that can be seen are increasing of youth investment on their retirement funds. On 27th of October 2018, Prime Minister announced that the government will give RM 1000 investment incentive to all Malaysian youth  from 20 years old until 31 years old. To qualify,  the young individuals must accumulate a minimum gross contribution amount of RM 1000 in the Private Retirement Scheme (PRS) during a period of 2 years. Private Retirement Scheme (PRS) is a voluntary scheme that aims to help its contributors to increase their retirement savings while providing more flexibility and choice to the contributors. The money will be invested on companies that are progressive by giving loans thus help the companies to finance their businesses. Moreover, it will contributes to GDP and this will create demand in the market. In addition, it also helps in the flow of money through various sectors of economy. This not only can help improve the economy but also encouraged youth to save for their retirement in the future. As a conclusion, by giving investment incentive to youth that are qualify. this can give support to youth that want to start saving early for their retirement which then help them to focus on planning their asset management and expenses.

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In my opinion, there has positive impact on the Malaysia Budget 2018. In Budget 2018, the government is putting the focus on rising living cost and on assisting the lower and middle-income groups to reduce the distribution gap. To rising living cost, the government encouraged support for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) through funding and credit provisions, and also providing tax exemptions for capital markets covering a broad range of activities, products, investors and other to help household to rise their capital and also increase consumer spending. Besides that, the government reduces the distribution gap by the cut in personal income tax. The reduction of personal income tax is likely to give benefits the lower and middle-income group directly, compared to a cut in the Goods and Services Tax, which might be beneficial to the higher income group or wealthy people due to their higher spending power. Improving the household spending power can give effect to the banking sector. The positive impetus on the consumer spending might further drive the recovering loan demand for big-ticket items and allow banks to garner more interest income further down the road. The economic activity is likely to continue its momentum moving into 2018, because of several incentives proposed in Budget 2018.

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The impact of the Malaysian Budget 2018 is the Malaysian Budget 2018 will give a potential beneficial on digital economy, automation, robotic development, big data industry and cloud services.

According to possibilities that RHB sees in Budget 2018, the government is expected to boast growth in the digital economy and possible tax incentives for industries that pioneer into fields such as automation, robotic development, big data and cloud services. This is one of the reason why IT companies at boosting upwards in share price recently. For example, Kronologi Asia Berhad is the service companies that provide for online data storage and protection solution. Kronologi share had been rocketing upwards from lowly 30 cent and now it’s currently trading at almost PER X 20 based on annualize earning of 5 cents for FYE 2017. This flying up this year because of Budget 2018 in term of taxes incentives for being involved in cloud services.

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In my opinion, Budget 2018 remarks the government’s sensitivity towards the Malaysian citizen through caring yet practical policies, especially for the Bottom 40 per cent (B40) income group, Middle 40 percent (M40) income group and the rural population. Budget 2018 clearly emphasizes the crucial issues including the reducing on income tax for the lower income group, increasing assistance for basic food and transportation items and providing more allocation for affordable homes will go a long way towards ensuring the citizen’s short- and long-term interests. The focus on building more than 385,000 affordable homes shows that the government is taking firm steps to address head-on the challenge of home ownership for the lower-income group. In addition, Budget 2018 also addresses the needs of the citizen amid rising cost of living while maintaining a commitment to fiscal discipline by stressing on investments in infrastructure, education, and skills and talent development. This is as to boost economic growth and make the economy more inclusive that should lead to revenue generation and reduction of fiscal deficit to 2.8% of GDP. Finally the implementation of new and ongoing infrastructure projects will continue to stimulate investments, which in turn generate capacity expansion in high growth sectors.  Domestic investment will complement private consumption activities, contributing to a broad-based economic growth hence boosting consumer and investor sentiment.

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In my opinion, Budget 2018 remarks the government’s sensitivity towards the Malaysian citizen through caring yet practical policies, especially for the Bottom 40 per cent (B40) income group, Middle 40 percent (M40) income group and the rural population. Budget 2018 clearly emphasizes the crucial issues including the reducing on income tax for the lower income group, increasing assistance for basic food and transportation items and providing more allocation for affordable homes will go a long way towards ensuring the citizen’s short- and long-term interests. The focus on building more than 385,000 affordable homes shows that the government is taking firm steps to address head-on the challenge of home ownership for the lower-income group. In addition, Budget 2018 also addresses the needs of the citizen amid rising cost of living while maintaining a commitment to fiscal discipline by stressing on investments in infrastructure, education, and skills and talent development. This is as to boost economic growth and make the economy more inclusive that should lead to revenue generation and reduction of fiscal deficit to 2.8% of GDP. Finally the implementation of new and ongoing infrastructure projects will continue to stimulate investments, which in turn generate capacity expansion in high growth sectors.  Domestic investment will complement private consumption activities, contributing to a broad-based economic growth hence boosting consumer and investor sentiment.

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In my opinion, The implementation of the reduction rate of income tax of 5% to 3% for the Group tax payers between RM20, 001-35,000 could increase  purchasing power users thus can enhance economic growth. According to the Secretary of Economics and Management Cluster Professors Council (MPN), Prof. Dr. Golam Ali Hassan Asan, a reduction of income tax is in addition to reducing the cost of living, it will also increase the use of activities in the surrounding countries an additional 1.5 billion which in the long run able to increase national income. This step is to reduce the cost of living middle-class. Budget presentation in 2018, the Prime Minister has announced a reduction in the income of the individual for help increase people's disposable income. According to tax expert Universiti Tun Abdul Razak, Prof. Emeritus Dr. Barjoyai Bardai, this incentive is able to affect the sector doubled to economics and business. If, When this individual tax reduction is implemented, it will increase people's disposable income between 300 to RM 1,000. Excess of income this will enable them to spend for other purposes that are not taxable and it will boots again the services sector and business.

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In my opinion, there is a positive impact of the Malaysian Budget 2018 on the financial markets. This is because, we can heard when our Prime Minister, Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak, giving his speech about the expectations of total domestic investment will increases by 6.7% next year. Government will continue to emphasize high-impact investments in export-based industries, petroleum, logistic, rail, and also in automation and robotics. Therefore, it will be resulted in a good industry’s performance. Companies that carry out exporting activities have also had a good impact on improving their profits. Government will provide RM150 billion to finance the implement promotional programs and expansion of export market towards MATRADE, MIDA and SMECORP. Moreover, Datuk Seri Najib has stated that government will provide RM1 billion to Exim Bank for insurance protection credit facility. The consumer spending could increase because of the subsidies for goods and transport that will be given to people includes cooking oil and gas, flour, electricity and tolls. To finances the subsidies in the next upcoming year, government providing RM3.9 billion.

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My opinion regarding to the impact of the Malaysian Budget 2018 on the Malaysian financial market divided into specific sector such as stock market, companie’s profitability, industry’s performance, consumer spending and financial institutions, based on the Touch Points Bajet 2018 by Kementerian Kewangan Malaysia there is a Bajet 2018 Highlight such as ‘Bantuan Khas Penjawat Awam (RM1500)’ which means the increase of income for worker is giving a positivite impact and worker or citizen can improve standard living if their income increase. So, the consumer spending based on the high rate of income also become high. Other than that, ‘Bantuan Pesawah’ for 3 months will increase the total of farmer will be increase based on the inisitiave by government will support the farmer  needs before harvesting. This will encourge farmer to work more because of a good inisiative for farmer. Therefore, industry get the benefit to have an enough sources for their industry performance. Thus, a good consumer spending and positive industry performance will help companies reach their maximum profitability .

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JOVITA ANTONGBB15110285In my opinion, one of the effects of the Malaysia Budget 2018 on the Malaysian financial market is that the government has deeply emphasized the aspect of human capital development in order to achieve Malaysia's goal as a developed nation by 2020. Various incentives had be given by the government to achieve these goals, among them the MyBrain15 program where graduates of a bachelor's degree can seek scholarship assistance to continue their studies to masters and doctoral degrees. In the RMK11, the government realized there was a mismatch of skills between the labour market and the labour market where jobs in Malaysia mostly involved only low skilled jobs and could be fill by foreign workers. The Government sees an urgent need to rebuild the labour market dominated by highly skilled workers and a knowledge-based and innovation-based economy system.

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JOVITA ANTONGBB15110285In my opinion, one of the effects of the Malaysia Budget 2018 on the Malaysian financial market is that the government has deeply emphasized the aspect of human capital development in order to achieve Malaysia's goal as a developed nation by 2020. Various incentives had be given by the government to achieve these goals, among them the MyBrain15 program where graduates of a bachelor's degree can seek scholarship assistance to continue their studies to masters and doctoral degrees. In the RMK11, the government realized there was a mismatch of skills between the labour market and the labour market where jobs in Malaysia mostly involved only low skilled jobs and could be fill by foreign workers. The Government sees an urgent need to rebuild the labour market dominated by highly skilled workers and a knowledge-based and innovation-based economy system.

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In short, from the 2018 budget, the reduction in income tax rates increase the income disposable. Thus, it will improve consumer’s purchasing power. Apart from that, granting of tax relief in a venture capital company will give investors big opportunity to invest freely in this country. Besides that, RM 61.6 billion has been allocated for education sector.  This allocation is twice more than other Asean country. From this, it sure can help poor student to further their studies.

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Based on Malaysia budget 2018, the government has decided to make a reduction in income tax rates. The reduction in individual income tax rate may be encouraging people to work harder and this will increase the productivity. Budget 2018 stated that the income tax will be reduce from 5% to 3% (RM20, 001-RM35,000), 10% to 8% (RM35,001-RM50,000), and from 16% to 14% (RM50,001-RM70,000). The government also propose that either exemption or zerorising certain items and services such as local council, reading materials, cruise operator, oil and gas equipment imports under lease agreement, and etc. Other than that, Orang Asli also given a benefit where RM50 million provided for Orang Asli for economic development and quality of life enhancement and RM60 million for Orang Asli village development. This benefit will increase the standard of living of Orang Asli. Last but not least, RM500 million also been allocated for the promotion and development of tourism and RM1 billion for tourism infrastructure development fund. This will attract the tourism to come in Malaysia, and also increase the country revenue.

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YUWIE FHATIRA BINTI TOMOYOSHI KAJIWARA @ MOHD NASIR BB15160947

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YUWIE FHATIRA BINTI TOMOYOSHI KAJIWARA @ MOHD NASIR BB15160947

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My standpoint on the Malaysian Budget 2018 is that the budget is implementing more benefits and it have more improvements compared to the previous budgets which will help Malaysia to be a better nation as well as improving the country’s economic growth. Here I will discuss a small portion of the budget.

In the budget, Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak announced that there is an allocation of RM250 million for the education of generation TN50 - fourth industrial revolution including to develop science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) for the country to move into a more knowledgeable and innovation-based society. The impact of this is Malaysia can walk align and be more prepared to face the emerging technology advancements as well as other nations. This may help improve many industries in the country if we are able to get the gist of the technological improvements.

In addition to that, the property industry will definitely benefit from economic boost due to the specific housing budget allocation in Budget 2018. The scheme such as Pr1MA Skim Pembiayaan and MyDeposit programme will greatly help people of the first-time home buyer with their deposits and installment when buying a house.

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Based on the first Thrust of the 2018 budget, which is Investment, trade and industry. It will attract investors from foreign countries. With the granting of tax relief to investors in a venture capital company it will give investors the opportunity to invest on this country. It also requires employers to pay salaries through banks as well as to increase the currency exchange of the country. With the allocation for the health tourism industry provided it can also increase traveler . The allocation to the education sector is also one of the contributors to the country's economic growth. By intensifying the tourism industry set by the prime minister, it will increase the interest of foreign investors to invest in tourism.

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SAHRUDIN BIN SAULBB15110645In my opinion, the 2018 budget announced by the prime minister on the issue of income tax cuts has definitely benefited to all citizens especially for households. Tax is the income for the government in a country. In the budget presentation, the prime minister reduced the income tax by 2% from 5% to 3% to those with income ranging from RM20,000 to RM70,000. In addition, the government also reduces income tax from 10% - 8% to those with income of RM35,000 - RM50,000. The reduction income tax announced by the prime minister have led to increased consumer or household purchasing power. This is because, the reduction of the tax causes the household's total money to increase and this allows their purchasing power to increase. The high purchasing power of households will boost the Malaysian economy. So, the reduction of income tax actually have a positive effect on the national economy. Next, continue giving BRIM  to the recipient is also beneficial to households as it also increases the purchasing power of households and also helps to increase the rate of economic growth in Malaysia.

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SAHRUDIN BIN SAULBB15110645In my opinion, the 2018 budget announced by the prime minister on the issue of income tax cuts has definitely benefited to all citizens especially for households. Tax is the income for the government in a country. In the budget presentation, the prime minister reduced the income tax by 2% from 5% to 3% to those with income ranging from RM20,000 to RM70,000. In addition, the government also reduces income tax from 10% - 8% to those with income of RM35,000 - RM50,000. The reduction income tax announced by the prime minister have led to increased consumer or household purchasing power. This is because, the reduction of the tax causes the household's total money to increase and this allows their purchasing power to increase. The high purchasing power of households will boost the Malaysian economy. So, the reduction of income tax actually have a positive effect on the national economy. Next, continue giving BRIM  to the recipient is also beneficial to households as it also increases the purchasing power of households and also helps to increase the rate of economic growth in Malaysia.

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In my opinion about Malaysian Budget 2018, there a good news for the all citizen that have been announced by the Prime Minister for the well-being and personal income for the citizen that related to the income tax I want to highlight. There are reduction 2% of income tax for the middle income with household income of RM9,000 and below. Individual tax are reduced for those who with chargeable income from RM20,000 to RM70,000. This is much help the citizen that have a lower income to reduce their burden in paying the tax. The new tax rates for 3 income, first RM20,001 to RM35,000 is 3% then RM35,001 to RM50,000 is 8% and RM50,001 to RM70,000 is 14%. Also, over 261,000 people is no longer have to pay the income tax. This will bring to the increasing in spending of this people since the income tax rates are reduce. When there are a lot of spending the producer tends to produce many product so here it will increase the productivity of the manufacture. The scenario can increase the economic growth since the personal income rise and the standard of living become better.

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In my opinion about Malaysian Budget 2018, there a good news for the all citizen that have been announced by the Prime Minister for the well-being and income-making opportunities for the citizen. There are reduction 2% of income tax for the middle income with household income of RM9,000 and below. Individual tax are reduced for those who with chargeable income from RM20,000 to RM70,000. This is much help the citizen that have a lower income to reduce their burden in paying the tax. The new tax rates for 3 income, first RM20,001 to RM35,000 is 3% then RM35,001 to RM50,000 is 8% and RM50,001 to RM70,000 is 14%. Also, over 261,000 people is no longer have to pay the income tax. This will bring to the increasing in spending of this people since the income tax rates are reduce. When there are a lot of spending the producer tends to produce many product so here it will increase the productivity of the manufacture. The scenario can increase the economic growth since the personal income rise and the standard of living become better.

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In my opinion about Malaysian Budget 2018, there a good news for the all citizen that have been announced by the Prime Minister for the well-being and income-making opportunities for the citizen. There are reduction 2% of income tax for the middle income with household income of RM9,000 and below. Individual tax are reduced for those who with chargeable income from RM20,000 to RM70,000. This is much help the citizen that have a lower income to reduce their burden in paying the tax. The new tax rates for 3 income, first RM20,001 to RM35,000 is 3% then RM35,001 to RM50,000 is 8% and RM50,001 to RM70,000 is 14%. Also, over 261,000 people is no longer have to pay the income tax. This will bring to the increasing in spending of this people since the income tax rates are reduce. When there are a lot of spending the producer tends to produce many product so here it will increase the productivity of the manufacture. The scenario can increase the economic growth since the personal income rise and the standard of living become better.

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In my opinion, Malaysia Budget 2018 give benefits for Malaysian especially for the millennial generation that sees more and more influence in today’s economy. There are some benefits that we can look forward as a millennial who is still studying. For example, the PTPTN borrowers that still have a score to settle with PTPTN, the government has extended the discounted repayments of PTPTN until December 31 2018 and get 20% for full settlement, 15% of outstanding settlement and 10% for direct debit from salary. They are even extending the grace period before the students are required to pay for PTPTN to 12 months after graduating. In addition, loans for those furthering their studies can be combined for the first time. There are more flexibility for PTPTN repayment for students from B40 households. The second example is for the scholarships, where RM2.2 billion is going into scholarship grants under JPA, Higher Education Ministry and Health Ministry. RM90 million will be pumped into the MyBrain Programme for 10,600 people to further their studies at Masters and Doctorate level. For Bumiputera empowerment, more than RM3.5 billion allocated, mainly for scholarships and training schemes. From this view, it can help the students to continue their studies and reduce the burden of debt. Overall, while there are not too many developments that hold millennials at heart during Budget 2018, there are at least schemes and plans that benefit the students in some way. Those who are looking to start their families would be pretty well taken care of this time around. The government has also doubled down on the strength of millennials into pursuing a small business, which is often touted as the backbone of the economy.

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Budget 2018 has 8 supports. One of it is priority to the well-being of the people and opportunities in generating income. For instance, an individual tax rate reduction of two percent for those who have chargeable income between RM20,000 and RM70,000 per year will increase the surplus money in their hands between RM300 and RM1,000. About 261,000 do not have to pay taxes. In my opinion, this tax reduction will affect the consumer spending because people have extra money to spend. This at once may lead companies to gain some profits. For my view, imagine if 261,000 are free from tax and they can spend their money buying foods and goods that means the party who also will get benefits is the company (seller/producer). In addition, one incentive that I think may affect the consumer spending of Malaysia citizen is the BR1M. BR1M will help a low-income family to enjoy at the minimum amount about RM1,200. About 7 million citizens will get this incentive. Thus, we can see that the small scope is the individual, which means this incentive will increase purchasing power of individual to spend more (consumer spending).
Budget 2018 also allocate RM6.5 billion to agricultural sector. The allocation was used to improve the quality and quantity of agricultural production through the use of new technologies in agriculture. The farmer's incentive assistance, rubber farmers and fishermen, irrigation infrastructure and upgrading of farm roads, palm oil program and others program will give impact the agricultural sector to grow in line with technological advances.

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In my opinion, Malaysian Budget 2018 can help reduce the burden on the lives of the youths who are burdened with high cost of living. continuing BR1M, PTPTN and to raise the maximum of amount of B40 family are one of the strategic methods to reduce the cost of living.

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NEANNA NATHANNIE MICHAEL DALANSING BB15110451

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NEANNA NATHANNIE MICHAEL DALANSING BB15110451

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In my opinion, the Malaysian Budget 2018 that was announced by our Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak last month will have a good impact on the Malaysian financial market. For example, the stamp duty exemption for exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and structured warrants for 3 years, is expected to boost the trading and liquidity in the capital market. The ever-increasing popularity of these financial instruments would mean that the duty exemption would make these instruments more attractive for investors. Therefore, many investors would take advantage of this opportunity and start or increase their investments in these instruments. Investors need not to depend on investments in shares alone and should be thinking of investing in less traditional investment tools, and ETFs is just one of many other instruments that could be traded in the capital market. ETFs, like shares, are as easy to buy and sell like shares, and it also bears low transaction costs. Should investors start to see the attractiveness of this instrument plus the announcement of the duty exemption, the ETFs would definitely grow in terms of trading volumes and activity in the market.

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From my view of the Malaysian Budget 2018, there are a lot of good news that have been announce by our Prime Minister. For example, the reduction of 2% of individual income tax.  The discount for the PTPTN loans also have increased and the cancellation of highways tolls in some highway. Besides that, the goverment have made an addition to MYR7 billion allocated for the Working Capital Guarantee Scheme for SMEs and micro enterprises to grow their businesses. Such initiatives are a positive sign for the continued growth for the Malaysian SME segment. On the other hand, goverment have announcement for the project of high-speed rail from Kuala Lumpur to Singapore about 350km and it wil only take 90 minutes to reach the destination. i think this is a good project for our country because this can improve the relationship between 2 countries and the tourism industry. Government also have allocated budget for Agriculture sector more than RM2 billion for farmers, rubber tappers, smallholders and fishermen. This can help them to make their life more easier.

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In my opinion, Malaysian Budget 2018 will bring improvement to Malaysian financial market since Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak was expected to target a lower federal government budget deficit compared with 3% this year. Beside that, global economy was expected to see marginal growth in 2018. so, i think Malaysia will able to count on higher collections from oil and the Goods and Services Tax ( GST ) to help it fund its development expenditure at the current pace and maintain fiscal discipline to against inflation.

Meanwhile, CIMB research view the budget 2018 is mildly positive for the market. The personal income tax cut and special payments to civil servants should boost consumption and benefit consumer companies. Also, contractors should gain from the increase in the value of construction projects. after that, the healthcare sector would benefit from increased allocation and other incentives

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In my opinion, impact of Malaysian budget 2018 through consumer spending are the government continuing with its prudent approach in fiscal management as can be seen by the gradual improvement in our fiscal deficit. This is extremely challenging to execute when external markets continue to be volatile, while at the same time trying to minimise the negative impact on the domestic market and the general population. National Budget continues to address the government's present objective of boosting disposable incomes for the B40 to ease cost of living pressures and support consumer spending. These include developing more infrastructure in logistics, preparing for and promoting the digital economy, boosting productivity and automation, as well as focusing on human capital development and investment by further enhancing science, technology, engineering and maths and coding in the education system, and Technical and Vocational Education Training.

Then, impact for equity market Budget 2018 does not expect to fully excite the market, although it does provide sufficient drivers to lift consumption spending, manufacturing capital expenditure and continued construction activity. The budget was expected to have some positive implications on the local finance sector.

The personal income tax cuts and special payments to civil servants should boost consumption and benefit consumer companies. Contractors should gain from the increase in the value of construction projects. Income tax to be cut by 2 percentage points for those earning RM20,000-Rm70,000 annually.

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In my opinion, Malaysia Budget 2018 gives benefits for Malaysian, for example the reduction in income tax rates. Budget 2018 has reduce individual income tax rates from 5% to 3% for individual income within RM20,001-35,000. For income RM35,001-50,000, the reduction tax rates is from 10% to 8% and income RM50,001-70,000 the reduction would be 16% to 14%. From this reduction, it would increase disposable income and increase the purchasing power of individual. Since Malaysian ringgit value is reduce, for me this reduction will help people to support their life. Another touchpoint of Budget 2018 is to generate income for rakyat. From this view, government has allocate RM100m to support programme like eRezeki, eUsahawan and eLadang for easier rakyat to start the business. It will help people to increase household income and also increase industry performance. Next is about higher education funding. 20% discount for full settlement of outstanding debt and 10% discount for at least 50% of outstanding debt in single payment. This budget help to encourage people to pay their debt with discount given and also extend grace period for repayment of loan from 6 to 12 months to facilitate and encourage people to reduce debt

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One of the touchpoints in Malaysian Budget 2018 is the reduction in income tax rates. The reduction in income tax rates will increase the income disposable between RM 300-RM 1000. While a total of 261,000 do not have to pay tax. Income disposible is income remaining after deduction of taxes and social security charges, available to be spent or saved as one wishes.

This situation will improve the purchasing power of consumer and they will spent more. However the increase on the spending will increase the amount of money in the market which will lead to inflation.

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2018 BUDGET
IM GOING TO HIGHLIGHT SOME OF THE BENEFITS FOR WOMEN IN THE BUDGET 2018. AS WE CAN SEE, MORE WOMEN ARE GETTING INVOLVES IN WORK. BUT NOT MANY APPOINTED TO A HIGHER POSITION AS SOME OF THE PEOPLE BELIEVES THAT WOMEN SHOULD BE PLACE NOT HIGHER THAN MEN WORKERS. IN THIS 2018 BUDGET, THE GOVERNMENT AIMED TO HAVE 30% OF WOMEN WORKFORCE TO BE THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS IN GOVERNMENT LINKED COMPANIES (GLCs), GOVERNMENT-LINKED INVESTMMENT COMPANIES (GLICs) AND STATUTORY BODIES BY THE END OF 2018.
THE SECOND POINT IS ABOUT THE MATERNITY LEAVES. FOR THE PAST YEARS, WOMEN WILL GET 60 DAYS OF MATERNITY LEAVES AS FOR PRIVATE SECTOR. IN 2018, THE GOVERNMENT PUT ON A MANDATORY THAT WOMEN WORKING IN PRIVATE SECTOR WILL GET 90 DAYS OF MATERNITY LEAVES. AND AS FOR THE BABIES, GOVERNMENT HAS PROVIDES THE MALAYSIA CHILDREN TRUST FUND 2050 (ADAM50) OF RM200 THROUGH PNB’S UNIT TRUST SCHEME FOR CHILD FROM JANUARY 1 2018-2022.
LASTLY, WOMEN GET INDIVIDUAL INCOME TAX EXEMPTION. THIS ONLY WORKS ON INCOME EARNED WITHIN 12 MONTHS FOR WOMEN REENTRY INTO WORKFORCE FOR AT LEAST 2 YEARS AFTER WORK BREAK.
THESE MORE OR LESS CREATE AWARENESS ON WOMEN’S RIGHT.

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In my opinion, some of the effect of the Malaysia 2018 Budget on its financial market is it increase the consumer spending and boosting on some of the economy sector for instance, the tourism sector.
The budget stated that those with income of RM 20K until RM 70k per year will experience a reduction on personal income tax. Government are also keen on the development of youth by giving a PTPTN discount. This will increase the purchasing power which then cause an increment on consumer spending.
Government are also keen on developing the tourism sector. The tourism sector are to receive a tax incentives extensions for investments in hotel and tour operators until 2020. Not only that, the tourism sector will benefits on the 100% increment of health care incentive. Hence, a boosting on tourism sector.

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My opinion for budget 2018 is :
Ease the burden

Not to mention, as soon as the new baby's birth early next year until 2022, the consolation worth RM200 in the form of Amanah Saham unit is given to the baby .This latest incentive will encourage parents to save money for their children from infancy. Incentives are also given to children who have grown up through various educational and scholarship assistance to mature children such as MyBrain schemes for those who wish to continue their studies at masters and doctoral degrees. For a non-working mother, tax incentives for a 12-month tax exemption were given to persuade them to work again. What is interesting, maternity leave incentives for working women in the private sector are extended to 90 days compared to just 60 days before. This gives them the opportunity to take care of a newborn as best they can as possible while keeping themselves fit before returning to work. Budget 2018 also eases family burden in getting maids at a cheaper price than it is today. This makes it easier for parents who are in need of a maid because of their busy work and at the same time have many children who need to be well-managed. In addition, for a low-income family will enjoy the 1Malaysia (BR1M) aid for a maximum of RM1,200.

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In my opinion, I think that Malaysian Budget 2018 is a good news for Malaysian. As we can see it gives Malaysian a lot of advantages such as by introducing of ADAM50, children born from January 1, 2018 to 2022 will receive RM200 through PNB’s Unit Trust Scheme, help with the cost of living and moreover Working parents can also expect some perks from this year’s budget, with the proposal to increase maternity leave in the private sector from 60 days to 90 days, as well as requirement for new office buildings to provide childcare centre, starting in Kuala Lumpur. Beside that childcare cost can also be reduced with the lower cost of hiring foreign domestic helpers by skipping the services of an agent.

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The budget 2018, especially in the MYR6.5billion allocation for infrastructure development in rural areas is a potent stimulus in driving domestic growth, and the growth of the Malaysian capital market. Continued capital expenditure on infrastructure projects such as this is evidence of the long-term view taken by the government on providing the right ecosystem to support future economic growth. The 2018 Budget is largely built on addressing the rising cost of living while maintaining a commitment to fiscal discipline. It has taken measures to address the Bottom 40 per cent (B40) income group, Middle 40 per cent (M40) income group and the rural population. One clear focus of this budget is to “shape the future” for all Malaysians, with emphasis on investments in infrastructure, education, and skills and talent development; measures that will boost growth and make the economy more inclusive. We consider it a well-rounded and disciplined budget that should lead to revenue generation and reduction of fiscal deficit to 2.8% of GDP, hence boosting consumer and investor sentiment. Overall, we see this Budget to be positive for the consumption, infrastructure, tourism and finance sectors. (The Malaysian reserve)

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In my opinion, the effort of Malaysia Government allocate RM45m budget to improve the efficiency of driving logistic sector by installing biometric control system in order to monitor express bus drivers was good. Because through this controlling system, the percentage of accident occur in a year can be reduced and also can improve the discipline among the bus drives. In addition, through this method the expenses of repairing the bus because of an accident can be reduced and government may use the money to do something good and give benefit to the public. Next, in order to achieve the TN50 goals there are a good thing where government also allocate RM250m for establishing the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) centre and enhance the coding programme. Through this, it may help student to expert in this field because nowadays people mostly direct or indirectly live with technology.

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Muhammad Yuslan Bin Abdul Lam (BB15110433)

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Muhammad Yuslan Bin Abdul Lam (BB15110433)

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In my opinion, based on the Malaysia budget 2018, the government decides to reduce the individual income tax rates. Reduction of individual income rate is RM20,001-RM35,000 : 5 to 3 percent, RM 35,001-RM50,000 : 10 to 8 percent and RM 50,001-RM70,000 : 16 to 14 percent. This is will increase disposable income between RM300-RM1, 000. Implementation of this step is more than 261 thousand does not have to pay taxes. When individual income tax rates reduce, it will increase individual income and it will increase the consumer spending. When consumer spending increase, the GDP will increase because companies tends to perform more to produce the product. Next, the government decides to increase export by way promotion and expansion of export market. By this way, the Malaysia GDP will increase because inflows of money into the country increase. By promotion and expansion of export market, demand for Malaysia goods will increase. This will increase product production and further increase GDP and unemployment will decrease because production company need more workers to cover increase product production.

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Nur Afiqah Binti Mohd Jabid (BB15110515)

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Nur Afiqah Binti Mohd Jabid (BB15110515)

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Based on Malaysia Budget 2018, government also have allocated the budget on Driving Logistic Sector project. For example, MRT2 Project Sungai Buluh-Serdang-Putrajaya and High Speed Rail Project connecting Kuala Lumpur to Singapore. In my view, this two project will make the citizen life much easier for them to move from one place to other and it will cut the traveller time travel. While, the impact for this development sector on this budget will increase the revenue on MRT Corp on developing the MRT2. The consequences on this allocated budget will decrease the revenue on petroleum companies such as Petronas and Shell because the consumer will use the MRT as their medium of transportation to work instead of using car.

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Muhammad Sa'aduddin Bin Naharuddin (BB15110430)

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Muhammad Sa'aduddin Bin Naharuddin (BB15110430)

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In my view. In the budget 2018, government have allocated budget for Agriculture sector more than RM2 billion for farmers, rubber tappers, smallholders and fishermen. This can help the farmers to increase the number of production of their product and the fishermen can get the new equipment for them to catch the huge amount of fish. Not only this will be benefit to all small entrepreneur on Agriculture industry but it will be increasing the Agriculture performance in the future. It will also attract the investor from local and foreign to invest their money in Agriculture industry because the can see the future in Agriculture industry will increase.

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What I want to highlight from budget 2018 is strengthening of financial market and decreasing of personal income tax. Exemption of stamp duty on Exchange - Traded fund notes for 3 years will attract many investor to take part in buy and sell stock in exchange traded fund. Tax deduction is equivalent to the amount of investment made in a venture company and tax deduction from angel investor in a venture company will help many of new company in industry. Next, requiring employers to pay foreign workers' salaries through bank accounts. Cash flow will be increase and make economy will be good than before. Decreasing of personal income tax also give big impact to the economy. Many people will join a business. It will cause increasing in economic growth.

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In my opinion,  budget 2018 have a lot of impact that benefits to Malaysian. As a developed country, education is very important to produce more educated people. With the various of field, it diversify skills that can be use in various industry. Later, can contribute to the economic growth. To be sum up, RM61.6 Billion have been allocated to the education. From the lower stage to the higher education stage, all those benefits the students and encourage them to further study. As mentioned, this educated generation is being an asset for our country, as they will be the future leader that will govern the economy and manage the administration of Malaysia.

Thus, in budget 2018 also stated that 2% from the individual income taxes will be reduce. As the impact, people would have more cash flows and this can make standard of living be much better. Moreover, people that have more income also most probably want to have or increase their own savings and investing in the financial markets. With the investment increase, our GDP also could be rise then the standard of living become more better.

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In my opinion, through budget 2018 we can see what our country have achieved and what our country want to achieve. My focus is about education where government have improve the provided of scholarships where government provide RM2.2 billion for scholarships Public Service Department, Ministry of Higher Education and Ministry of Health. Government also have increase the amount of scholarships for Public Higher Learning Institutions (IPTAs) which is RM400 million compared to 2017 which is RM235 million. Government also provide RM90 million for MyBrain Programme to 10,600 individuals that want to further their studies in Masters and PhD. The budget that provided for student was to encourage them to further their studies and to help students that want to further their studies but can’t afford it.

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Bita Anjelly Binti Mohd. Raffie Islam (BB15110117)

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Bita Anjelly Binti Mohd. Raffie Islam (BB15110117)

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In my opinion, Malaysia Budget 2018 shows an additional of the amount of the allocation on the budget of 2018. In terms of the tax imposed on the individual income, a reduction of 2% of tax income will be done by the government. This will help to increase the amount of a disposable income and the purchasing power of the individual in the market. Other than that, it can be seen that more incentives are being given by the government and maintaining the existing incentives in every aspect of the individual from every age. This help to encourage them to spend more  in the market and make the market to growth rapidly.

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In my opinion,  There are some significant highlight in Malaysia Budget 2018 that the total allocation would be allocate in tax exemptions (2% tax income reduction), abolish in certain toll collections, PTPTN discount, BRIM, and etc.For PTPPTN students apply for loans will have a discount, as well as the cancellation of some highway fees, government officials, extra bonuses etc.Countries advocate tax cuts, which means that the per capita consumption level has risen and the economy has also risen. You can choose to increase the financial security and income through extra money by means of financial management. In this way, some large-scale corporate companies will also use this method to boost their economy and Malaysia will have more money to invest in. Therefore, a well-run financial market will bring good economic benefits.

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Nursarra 'Ain Azmieda binti Azmie (BB16110747)

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Nursarra 'Ain Azmieda binti Azmie (BB16110747)

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The Malaysian Budget 2018 is focused on stimulating domestic investments, developing future generations and enhancing the well-being of rakyat, including improving inclusivity. In the term of well-being of rakyat, government will reduce the tax rate for personal income tax, improve women welfare such as increasing the maternity leave period for private sector and so on. For housing, rakyat will be provides affordable housing and government will increase the number of PRIMA housing. For youth development, the PTPTN discount will extended until Dec 2018 and extention grace period for loan repayment. In my opinion, as the impacts, people will have more high or better standard of living. It will encourage people to spend more. That is mean the consumer spending will increase. So, when the consumer spending increase, the demand also will increase, every sector of companies or industries will also try to fulfill the demand by increasing their productions. Other than that, the consumer spending also will increase because most of them are likely to buy the affordable housing that provides by the government. The units of housing also will raise so that it can also increase the consumer spending. The reduction of income tax also will give the consumer chance to spend more for their necessity.

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In my opinion  that tourism sector also poises to benefit from the budget 2018 given the several budget incentives, such as the expansion of E-visa scheme, extension of income tax exemption for tour operating companies, RM 2b of allocation to tourism SME fund and the RM 1b of fund to Tourism Infrastructure Development Fund in the form of soft loan. On top pf that, our government also targets to welcome 28m tourists in 2018 compared to the 26.8m in 2016  as Malaysia will launch the “Visit Malaysia Year 2020” campaign to encourage tourist arrivals. Historically, we have seen spikes in tourist arrivals and receipts to Malaysia during “Visit Malaysia Year”. As such, sectors such as Tourism, Aviation and the Entertainment and Hotel Operators are likely be the direct beneficiaries given the several measures and the launch of Visit Malaysia Year 2020.

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Budget 2018 reflects the Government’s sensitivity towards the Rakyat, through caring yet practical policies, particularly for the B40 and M40. Focus on bread-and-butter issues, like reducing income tax for the lower income group, increasing assistance for basic food and transportation items and providing more allocation for affordable homes will go a long way towards ensuring the Rakyat’s short- and long-term interests.The focus on building more than 385,000 affordable homes shows that the Government is taking firm steps to address head-on the challenge of home ownership for the lower-income group. Extending PR1MA’s step-up financing scheme to private housing developers is also a laudable move towards facilitating home-ownership.

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NOOR SHINA BINTI JUMDANI (BB15160999) : Education

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NOOR SHINA BINTI JUMDANI (BB15160999) : Education

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In the interest and prosperity of the citizen 2018 Budget will allocate a sum of RM280.25 billion, an increase in allocation as compared with RM260.8 billion in the previous year. 2018 budget theme is “Prospering an inclusive economy, balancing between worldly and hereafter, for the wellbeing of rakyat, towards TN50. For this assessment, I would like to highlight allocation of budget for education TN50 generation (Academic Sector). A total for education is RM250 million. Firstly, set up a science technology engineering and mathematic (STEM) centre to develop the latest learning method to train STEM specialist teachers’ collaboration with Academy of science Malaysia. Second enhance computer module, third upgrading 2000 classes into 21st Century Smart Classroom. Meanwhile, for higher level of education, a sum of RM2.2 billion is allocated for scholarships provided by Public Service Department, Ministry of Higher Education. Second, total of RM400 million research development grants is provided to IPTA compared only RM235 million allocated in previous budget. Third, book voucher assistance RM250 each continue for this 2018’s Budget. Lastly, for students want to further their studies n Masters and PhD level, RM90 million allocated for MyBrain Programme.

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Budget 2018 gives the pros and cons situation, but what I want to say here is the good side of the budget. In intensifying higher education, like scholarship, Malaysia provide RM2.2b, research and development grants to higher education institution, book voucher assistance and further study for postgraduate levels under MyBrain is RM400, RM250 (per student) and RM90m respectively. In the other hand, after warning student-loan (PTPTN) dodgers three years ago of the dangers of non-payment, the prime minister is reaching out to them again to settle their debts. Prime minister has sought to woo younger voters with discount on outstanding student loans and he gave them reductions. There are three option of the PTPTN’s discount in the pay back the debt that is full payment is charge at 20%, 10% for 50% payment for once payment makes and 10% via salary deduction or direct debt. As we know, most of student take this loan to continue the study and this news really help for student in make repayment to the loan.

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In my opinion, the 2018 budget of Malaysia is expected to have a neutral to mildly positive impact on the overall local equity. since the market, construction, consumer, retail, automotive, aviation, hospitality, banking and property will be the key beneficiaries from the budget next year. we can see that the Budget 2018 provide sufficient drivers to lift the financial system.

i think the sector that are mostly positively impacted would be the consumer sector, The personal income tax cuts and special payments to civil servants should boost consumption and benefit consumer companies. i would expect the GDP next year to increase by a few percentage.

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The 2018 Budget is largely built on addressing the rising cost of living while maintaining a commitment to fiscal discipline. It has taken measures to address the Bottom 40 per cent income group, Middle 40 per cent income group and the rural population. One clear focus of this budget is to “shape the future” for all Malaysians, with emphasis on investments in infrastructure, education, and skills and talent development; measures that will boost growth and make the economy more inclusive. We consider it a well-rounded and disciplined budget that should lead to revenue generation and reduction of fiscal deficit to 2.8% of GDP, hence boosting consumer and investor sentiment.

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Based on Budget 2018, it touches all aspects of the society from all walks of life.  It provides wide ranging and inclusive measures to promote economic expansion and wellbeing of the Malaysian particularly the medium and lower income group.  The 2018 Budget is largely built on addressing the rising cost of living while maintaining a commitment to fiscal discipline. It has taken measures to address the Bottom 40 per cent (B40) income group, Middle 40 per cent (M40) income group and the rural population. The reduction of income tax for mid-range income households (M40) as announced in Budget 2018 will increase disposable income of an estimated RM1.5 billion, which should provide a positive impetus on consumer spending. Also, the government continue to pay close attention to this sector by allocating MYR200 million for soft loans, training and grants via SME Corp. This is in addition to the MYR7 billion allocated for the Working Capital Guarantee Scheme for SMEs and microenterprises to grow their businesses. Such initiatives are a positive sign for the continued growth for the Malaysian SME segment.

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Based on the Malaysia budget 2018, truly I believe this is a very interesting budget, where we have seen an increase of 20 billion which can managed to do on the back of cutting income tax, abolishing tolls, and also increasing some goodies to the people, including bantuan khas, and also increasing allocation for health and education. The reason we could do this is because it is a disciplined budget. Some budget its bring a benefits, especially student. It also will focus on the well-being of the people, especially in dealing with rising cost of living and giving Malaysians more opportunities to venture into entrepreneurial sector. This was one of the key agenda of the government to help the people and at the same time ensure that the country’s economy would continue to grow and less unemployment. So, I will look forward this in the future.

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In my opinion, budget 2018 gave a lot of benefits to us. In Malaysia, 40% of the population considered as middle-income group. Therefore, the removal of tolls in Selangor, Kedah and Johor help many drivers save on their transportation cost, which can come in handy especially with the fluctuating petrol prices. Second, budget 2018 allocates RM2.2 billion for PPR, PR1MA, Rumah Mesra Rakyat and PPA1M will able to increase more affordable housing for middle-income group. This will minimize the problem which related to mismatch of housing supply and demand from middle-income group. Last, the reduction in income tax rate. For those earning RM20,000 to RM70,000 per year, the income tax rate has dropped by 2% giving more savings in the future.

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In my opinion, Malaysia budget 2018 would bring lots of benefits to all of us. For examples, more discount in PTPTN loan based on how they pay their loan, senior servants who retire due to health reasons will be accorded the same benefits as those who undergo mandatory retirement, RM200 monthly for a duration of 3 months for paddy farmers while waiting to harvest their crops, which amounts to RM150 million, reduction in income tax rates by 2%, and so on. As the impacts, people will have more cash flow which means that these implementations will make people better in their living standard. Therefore, it directly encourages people to spend more than before in their spending plan. When consumers’ spending raises, means demand increase, industries will try to produce more to accommodate those demand, investment in financial market like stock and bond will follow to increase to raise fund. On the other way, people now with more income will find themselves more interested to save and invest in financial market. Thus, GDP in Malaysia tend to increase which will lead to increase in standard of living among us in the long run.

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Based on Malaysian Budget 2018, a total allocation of RM280.25 billion would allocate into 2 parts which are RM234.25 billion in operating expenditure and RM46 billion in development. There are some significant highlight in Malaysia Budget 2018 that the total allocation would be allocate in tax exemptions (2% tax income reduction), abolish in certain toll collections, PTPTN discount, BRIM, and etc. As an impact in tax exemptions execute next year in terms of consumer spending, it implies that people can spend 2% more from their annual income, thus, it encourage people to spend more. When consumer spending increase,  companies tends to perform more, thus, GDP increase and finally people well-being increase as economic growth increase. However, when consumers spend too much in their income, future economic growth could be compromised because of insufficient savings and investment. On the other hand, there is another impact occur in terms of saving and investment, when tax exemptions execute next year, it implies that people income have increase by 2% instead of paying it to tax, it encourage people to save more or invest more in financial markets. Thus, well-functioning financial markets bring greater in economic efficiency.

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In my opinion, there is pros and cons regarding the Malaysia Budget 2018. For the taxpayer, there is a good news for them because the government decides to reduce in individual income tax rates. If the government indeed have implemented it, the façade of reduction in individual income tax scheme certainly can stimulate the consumer spending. However, the promoting consuming not necessarily rely on the reduction of personal income tax but still have other factors. Besides, there also has to mention a tax deduction for angel investors in venture capital. The youngers nowadays actually have many creative and innovative idea, but they lack funding can help them to start an undertaking. Therefore, the scheme can encourage angel investors to invest these people. The emerging business growth up rapidly indeed can promote economic development in our country. Lastly, the Malaysia Budget 2018 have one serious problem that is the allocation of development expenditure the only RM 46 billion or 16.41% on the total allocation of RM 280.25 billion. Well, it only 16.41% of development expenditure that is less possible can promote up our country economy.

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A total of RM 280.25 billion has been allocated for budget 2018. There are few sectors or individuals who gain or loss based on the allocation of budget 2018. For example, the gainer including middle-income taxpayers, because those who earn between RM 20,000 to RM70,000 can enjoy 2% tax cut. This tax cut will benefit 2.3 million taxpayers and expected to increase their disposable income as much as RM 1,000. However, the loser consists of toll operators as the toll collections will be removed on specific highways. Besides that, companies who wishing for tax cuts were also felt disappointed after a few years of rising cost especially the implementation of minimum wages and the removal of energy subsidies.

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MOHD SHAHRUL NIZAM BIN SULAIMAN BB15110413

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MOHD SHAHRUL NIZAM BIN SULAIMAN BB15110413

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In my opinion, based on the Malaysia budget 2018 this can help the small and medium enterprises through the government's motion within strengthening small and medium enterprises where the government has allocated almost RM 10 billion funds to strengthen this industry. This budget, can help this industry to compete in the market and help this industry to growth and become the big company one day. Other than that, it also can help new entrepreneur and businessman to create a new business that can contribute in advancing the Malaysia economy. This small and medium enterprise can recruit the new employee when they start a new business or expansion they business. It can reduce the unemployment rate in this country and increase the consumer spending when the the unemployed get a job.

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In my opinion, based on the 2018 budget  it is a good news  to everyone especially in education where the government has provided a lot of help such as PTPTN discount. There are three discount options in the pay back the debt that is full payment is charged at 20% discount, 10% for 50% payment for once payment makes and 10% refund via salary deduction or direct debit. This is a things that student awaited because it is not easy to repay PTPTN. With this discount, it ease for students and not burden them in make repayments to PTPTN. At the same time, because education is the future for Malaysia then investment in education is a must. Giving the discount in education loans especially in PTPTN, the public will not feel burdened and afraid to make loans but this ways is a good ways to encourage youths to pursue higher education either in diploma or postgraduate levels.

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In my opinion, the impact of the 2018 budget in terms of education namely the PTPTN discounted loan is further facilitated by the release of the students to pay the PTPTN loan. Additionally, the allocation for Amanah Ikhtiar can also help low-income groups who want to increase their standard of living by borrowing to start their business. This will also increase the economic growth in our country.