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Russia was not industrialized and struggled with the war (they were constantly short on supplies).
- Biggest asset was its population
- Fighting spread to Africa and specs of Asia

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August, Germans counterattacked the Russians in Tannenberg: Germans crushed the Russians.
Russians fought against the Austrians and were winning until December when the Austrians pushed them out of their territory.

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Eastern front was the battlefield on which was the German and Russian borders.

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Germans introduced the submarines in 1914 and the primary weapon was an underwater torpedo.

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The tank was a newly introduced mechanical machine used for combat and crossed different types of terrains.

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Fired automatic ammunition at a fast pace and left it difficult to fight against

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Gas was introduced by the Germans, but was quickly adopted by both sides (needed to use masks).

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Western front dug miles of trenches and the tactic was known as: trench warfare.
- Very bad conditions (trench foot, mud for beds, rats, famine)
- Land between the armies was known as "no-mans land"
- Western front was known as the "terrain of death" because it stretched 500 miles
- Death rates soared due to introduction of new weapons
- More battles

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Early September, German forces reached Paris and victory appeared only days away. However, the Allies retaliated in the Valley of the Marne River: Germans retreated.
- The defeat made a huge impact on the war because it defeated the Schleiffen plan and then Russia invaded Germany in the east

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Schleiffen Plan was a battle strategy used by the Germans due to the war they fought on both sides of the country.
- Named after General Alfred Graf von Schleiffen

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Sir Edward Grey's prediction was correct about the battle: The Western Front was moving in in French battlefields.

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1914
- Central Powers: Germany and Austria-Hungary (later Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire)
- Allies: Great Britain, France, and Russia (later Japan and Italy)

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Russia was an allied with Serbia and soon moved in onto the border.
- Russia's border on Germany fell to war
- Russia looked to France for help and then Germany declared war on France

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Europe was split into the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance because Austrian-Hungary declared war on Serbia, which lead other nations to join in.