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Microsoft OneNote Digital Note Taking App | Microsoft 365

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Microsoft OneNote has your digital notebook needs covered. With OneNote 2016 we've made our notebook organizer tools even stronger and collaboration easier.

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Here's the mention of the experiment in prison. (KS)

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Do you feel anxious in a yellow room? Does the color blue make you feel calm and relaxed? Artists and interior designers have long believed that color can dramatically affect moods, feelings, and emotions. "Colors, like features, follow the changes of the emotions," the artist Pablo Picasso once remarked.

Color is a powerful communication tool and can be used to signal action, influence mood, and even influence physiological reactions. Certain colors have been associated with physiological changes, including increased blood pressure, increased metabolism, and eyestrain.

This article discusses what color psychology means and how colors affect the mind and body. It also explores research on the effect of color and the psychological reactions people may experience.

Press Play to Learn More About How Colors Affect the Mind and Body

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What Is Color Psychology?

Color psychology is the study of how different colors affect human mood and behavior. It explores how colors can influence emotional responses, as well as how responses to color are affected by factors such as age and cultural background.

Different topics that are of interest in this area include:

The meanings of colors

How colors impact physiological responses

Emotional reactions to color

Factors that impact color preferences

Cultural differences in the meanings and associations of different colors

Whether colors can impact mental health

How colors can influence behaviors

Ways that colors can be utilized to promote well-being

How colors can be used to improve safety and design more optimal home and work environments

History of Color Psychology

The scientific exploration of color psychology is relatively new, but people have long been interested in the nature and impact of color. In ancient cultures, colors were often used to treat different conditions and influence emotions. They also played a role in different spiritual practices.

It was in 1666 that the English scientist Sir Isaac Newton discovered that when pure white light passes through a prism, it separates into all visible colors. Newton also found that each color is made up of a single wavelength and cannot be separated any further into other colors.

Further experiments demonstrated that light could be combined to form other colors. For example, red light mixed with yellow light creates an orange color. Some colors, such as green and magenta, cancel each other out when mixed, resulting in white light.

"Given the prevalence of color, one would expect color psychology to be a well-developed area," researchers Andrew Elliot and Markus Maier noted in a review of the existing research on the psychology of color. "Surprisingly, little theoretical or empirical work has been conducted to date on color's influence on psychological functioning, and the work that has been done has been driven mostly by practical concerns, not scientific rigor."

Much of the evidence in this emerging area is anecdotal at best, but researchers and experts have made a few important discoveries and observations about the psychology of color and its effect on moods, feelings, and behaviors.

The Psychological Effects of Color

Why is color such a powerful force in our lives? What effects can it have on our bodies and minds? While perceptions of color are somewhat subjective, some color effects have universal meanings.

Colors in the red area of the color spectrum are known as warm colors and include red, orange, and yellow. These warm colors evoke emotions ranging from feelings of warmth and comfort to feelings of anger and hostility.

Colors on the blue side of the spectrum are known as cool colors and include blue, purple, and green. These colors are often described as calm, but can also call to mind feelings of sadness or indifference.

Symbolic Color Meanings

One 2020 study that surveyed the emotional associations of 4,598 people from 30 different countries found that people commonly associate certain colors with specific emotions. According to the study results:

Black: 51% of respondents associated black with sadness

White: 43% of people associated white with relief

Red: 68% associated red with love

Blue: 35% linked blue to feelings of relief

Green: 39% linked green to contentment

Yellow: 52% felt that yellow means joy

Purple: 25% reported they associated purple with pleasure

Brown: 36% linked brown to disgust

Orange: 44% associated orange with joy

Pink: 50% linked pink with love

The study's researchers suggested that such results indicated that color-emotion associations appear to have universal qualities. These shared meanings may play an essential role in aiding communication.

Color Psychology as Therapy

Several ancient cultures, including the Egyptians and Chinese, practiced chromotherapy, or the use of colors to heal. Chromotherapy is sometimes referred to as light therapy or colorology.

Colorology is still used today as a holistic or alternative treatment. In this treatment:

Red is used to stimulate the body and mind and to increase circulation.

Yellow is thought to stimulate the nerves and purify the body.

Orange is used to heal the lungs and to increase energy levels.

Blue is believed to soothe illnesses and treat pain.

Indigo shades are thought to alleviate skin problems.

While more research is needed, a 2020 study suggested that chromotherapy may be an effective way to help combat feelings of compassion fatigue and post-traumatic stress in intensive care unit nurses.

Modern Research on Color Psychology

Most psychologists view color therapy with skepticism and point out that the supposed effects of color are often grossly exaggerated. Colors also have different meanings in different cultures.

However, existing research has found that color can impact people in a variety of surprising ways:

While-colored pills are associated with greater pain relief., while red pills are associated with having greater stimulant properties.

Red causes people to react with greater speed and force, something that might be helpful during athletic activities according to researchers.

Black-uniformed players are more likely to receive penalties in competitive sporting events.

Additional Research Is Still Needed

Interest in the subject of color psychology is growing, but there remain several unanswered questions. How do color associations develop? How powerful is the influence of these associations on real-world behavior?

Can color be used to increase worker productivity or workplace safety? What colors have an impact on consumer behavior? Do certain personality types prefer specific colors? As researchers continue to explore such questions, we may soon learn more about color's impact on human psychology.

Zena O'Connor, a faculty member in the Department of Architecture, Design, and Planning at the University of Sydney, suggests that people should be wary of many of the claims they see about the psychology of color.

"Many of these claims lack substantiation in terms of empirical support, exhibit fundamental flaws (such as causal oversimplification and subjective validation), and may include factoids presented as facts," O'Connor explains. "In addition, such claims often refer to outdated research without referring to current research findings."

Recap

Color Can Influence Performance

Studies have also shown that certain colors can have an impact on performance. No one likes to see a graded test covered in red ink, but one study found that seeing the color red before taking an exam actually hurt test performance.﻿﻿

While the color red is often described as threatening, arousing or exciting, many previous studies on the impact of the color red have been largely inconclusive. The study found, however, that exposing students to the color red prior to an exam has been shown to have a negative impact on test performance.

In the first of the six experiments described in the study, 71 U.S. colleges students were presented with a participant number colored either red, green or black prior to taking a five-minute test.

Color and Consumer Purchases

Color psychology suggests that various shades can have various effects, from boosting our moods to causing anxiety. But could the color of the products you purchase ever say something about your personality? For example, could the color of the car you buy somehow relate to some underlying personality traits or quirks?

When buying items, your color preferences might say something about the image you are trying to project. Color preferences, from the clothes you wear to the car you drive, can sometimes make a statement about how we want other people to perceive us. Other factors, such as age and gender, can also influence our color choices.

White: As many of our readers have suggested, the color white can feel fresh and clean. The color is often used to evoke a sense of youth and modernity.

Black: Our readers often describe black as a "powerful" color, which might be the reason why black is the most popular color for luxury vehicles. People often describe the color as sexy, powerful, and mysterious.

Silver: It's the third most popular vehicle color and is linked to a sense of innovation and modernity. High-tech products are often silver, so the color is often seen as new, modern, and cutting-edge.

Red: Red is a bold, attention-getting color, so preferring this type of car might mean you want to project an image of power, action, and confidence.

Blue: People often describe blue as the color of stability and safety. Driving a blue car or SUV might indicate that you are dependable and trustworthy.

Yellow: According to the experts, driving a yellow vehicle might mean you are a happy person in general and perhaps a bit more willing than the average person to take risks.

Gray: The experts suggest that people who drive gray cars don't want to stand out and instead prefer something more subtle.

A person might prefer brighter, more attention-getting colors when they are younger, but find themselves drawn to more traditional colors as they grow older. The personality of the buyer can play an important role in color selection, but buyers are often heavily influenced by factors such as price as well as availability.

For example, purchasing a white vehicle might be less about wanting people to think that you are young and modern and more about the climate you live in; people who live in hot climates typically prefer light-colored vehicles over dark ones.

A Word From Verywell

Color can play an important role in conveying information, creating certain moods, and even influencing the decisions people make. Color preferences also exert an influence on the objects people choose to purchase, the clothes they wear, and the way they adorn their environments.

People often select objects in colors that evoke certain moods or feelings, such as selecting a car color that seems sporty, futuristic, sleek, or trustworthy. Room colors can also be used to evoke specific moods, such as painting a bedroom a soft green to create a peaceful mood.

So what's the bottom line? Experts have found that while color can have an influence on how we feel and act, these effects are subject to personal, cultural, and situational factors. More scientific research is needed to gain a better understanding of color psychology.

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Can Color Affect Your Mood and Behavior?

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Color is all around us, but what impact does it really have on our moods, emotions, and behaviors? Color psychology seeks to answer this question.

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Luxury travel specialists Sovereign have come up with a series of color palettes of 18 popular destinations from across the globe. The objective was to highlight the range of unique colorscapes that can be seen around the world.

Each palette consists of 20 colors that were derived from iconic locations in that country. The palettes are a reflection of their culture, heritage, geography, and architecture. Some of these might also give you color ideas for your next design project. Check them out below.

Share this post with a friend and voice your views in the comments below.

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Beautiful Color Palettes Of Countries From Around The World

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Luxury travel specialists Sovereign have come up with a series of color palettes of 18 popular destinations from across the globe. The objective was to highlight the range of unique colorscapes that can be seen around the world. Each palette consists of 20 colors that were derived from iconic locations in that country.

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Early Turks were using colors as direction names like in chinese culture. There is a theory that the sea names around Turkey comes from that habit. With their literal translations from Turkish (North: Black Sea, West: White sea(mediterranean), south(red sea) etc. ec

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https://www.townandcountrymag.com/leisure/g10033757/why-orange-and-pink-is-the-best-color-combination/

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ncz

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Cybernetic device as brain extension decoding colors & how to listen to Picasso...

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Cybernetic device as brain extension decoding colors & how to listen to Picasso...

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Artist Neil Harbisson was born completely color blind, but these days a device attached to his head turns color into audible frequencies. Instead of seeing a world in grayscale, Harbisson can hear a symphony of color -- and yes, even listen to faces and paintings. ncz

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short & entertaining ncz

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easel.ly | create and share visual ideas using infographics

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Easel.ly is a simple web tool that empowers anyone to create and share powerful visuals (infographics, posters)... no design experience needed! We provide the canvas, you provide the creativity.

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Free social and collaborative online mind mapping software. Mind mapping can be free, fast and simple. Features import/export, mind map publishing and live collaboration.

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Infogram is an intuitive visualization tool that empowers people and teams to create beautiful content.
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Create Infographics, Reports and Maps - Infogram

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Infogram is an easy to use infographic and chart maker. Create and share beautiful infographics, online reports, and interactive maps. Make your own here.

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Colours in Cultures - Information is Beautiful

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Distilling the world's data, information & knowledge into beautiful infographics & visualizations

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Logotypes

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By the time we graduate high school, we learn that they never taught us the most interesting things in there. Sure, you might be able to name the European countries or point New York on the map, but does that give a you real understanding of how the world functions? To fill this gap, we have gathered a great and informative selection of infographical maps that they should've shown us at school: every single one of these maps reveals different fun and interesting facts, which can actually help you draw some pretty interesting conclusions.

The Most Famous Brand From Each State In The US

Image credits: steve-lovelace.com

Red Hair Map of Europe

Image credits: imgur.com

Most Popular Sports in the World

Image credits: imgur.com

Breast Sizes Relating to Countries

Image credits: targetmap.com

Political World Map as Pangea 200-300 Million Years Ago

Image credits: imgur.com

The World According to Americans

Image credits: alphadesigner.com

Most Used Web Browser World Map (2012)

Image credits: saint-tepes.deviantart.com

Map of Countries Officially Not Using the Metric System

Image credits: wikimedia.org

The Penis Size Worldwide

Image credits: targetmap.com

Map of the Most Common Surnames in Europe

Image credits: imgur.com

Map of Countries Most and Least Welcoming to Foreigners

Image credits: imgur.com

World Map of National IQ Scores

Image credits: targetmap.com

Beer Names in Different European Languages

Image credits: imgur.com

Freedom of Press

Image credits: imgur.com

Most Consumed Alcoholic Beverage by Country

Image credits: chartsbin.com

A World Map that Inverts Land and Sea

Image credits: imgur.com

Worldwide Driving Orientation

Image credits: chartsbin.com

Prevalence of Obesity

Image credits: hsph.harvard.edu

Map Of Most Attractive Citizens in Europe

Image credits: imgur.com

European Citizens Who Drink the Most

Image credits: imgur.com

United States According to Autocomplete

Image credits: flipcollective.com

Every Country England Has Ever Invaded (all but 22 countries in the world)

Image credits: telegraph.co.uk

7 Deadly Sins Map

Image credits: wired.com

World Map of Social Networks 2009 vs 2012

Image credits: visual.ly

Total Fertility Rate Map

Image credits: en.wikipedia.org

Map of the World in Proportion to Population

Image credits: imgur.com

Different Alphabets Around the World

Image credits: globa-lingua.org

World's Population Concentrated in One City

Image credits: persquaremile.com

Countries with McDonald's

Image credits: imgur.com

Map of the Most Popular Surnames in the United States

Image credits: nationalgeographic.com

Lightning Intensity Map

Image credits: imgur.com

Map of the Earth With Mercator Projection Using a Different Centerpoint

Image credits: imgur.com

Time Zones in Antarctica

Image credits: wikipedia.org

Image credits: alphadesigner.com

If US Cities Had Kept Their Original Names

Image credits: crasstalk.com

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By the time we graduate high school, we learn that they never taught us the most interesting things in there. Sure, you might be able to name the European countries or point New York on the map, but does that give a you real understanding of how the world functions?

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A thematic map is a map that emphasizes a particular theme or special topic such as the average distribution of rainfall in an area. They are different from general reference maps because they do not just show natural features like rivers, cities, political subdivisions and highways. Instead, if these items are on a thematic map, they are simply used as reference points to enhance one's understanding of the map's theme and purpose.

Normally however, all thematic maps use maps with coastlines, city locations and political boundaries as their base maps. The map's specific theme is then layered onto this base map via different mapping programs and technologies like a geographic information system (GIS).

History of Thematic Maps

Thematic maps did not develop as a map type until the mid-17th Century because accurate base maps were not present prior to this time. Once they became accurate enough to display coastlines, cities and other boundaries correctly, the first thematic maps were created. In 1686 for example, Edmond Halley, an astronomer from England, developed a star chart. In that same year, he published the first meteorological chart using base maps as his reference in an article he published about trade winds. In 1701, Halley also published the first chart to show lines of magnetic variation- a thematic map that later became useful in navigation.

Halley's maps were largely used for navigation and the study of the physical environment.

In 1854, John Snow, a doctor from London created the first thematic map used for problem analysis when he mapped cholera's spread throughout the city. He began with a base map of London's neighborhoods that included all streets and water pump locations. He then mapped the locations where people died from cholera on that base map and was able to find that the deaths clustered around one pump and determined that the water coming from the pump was the cause of cholera.

In addition to these maps, the first map of Paris showing population density was developed by a French engineer named Louis-Leger Vauthier. It used isolines (a line connecting points of equal value) to show population distribution throughout the city and was believed to be the first use of isolines to display a theme that did not have to do with physical geography.

Thematic Map Considerations

When cartographers design thematic maps today, there are several important things to consider. The most significant though is the map's audience. This is important because it helps determine what items should be included on the thematic map as reference points in addition to the map's theme. A map being made for a political scientist for example would need to have political boundaries, whereas one for a biologist might instead need contours showing elevation.

The sources of a thematic map's data are also important and should be carefully considered. Cartographers must find accurate, recent and reliable sources of information in a wide range of subjects- from environmental features to demographic data to make the best possible maps.

In addition to making sure a thematic map's data is accurate, there are various ways to use that data and each must be considered with the map's theme.

Univariate mapping for example is a map dealing with only one type of data and therefore looks at the occurrence of one type of event. This process would be good for mapping a location's rainfall. Bivariate data mapping shows the distribution of two data sets and models their correlations such as rainfall amounts relative to elevation. Multivariate data mapping is mapping with two or more data sets. A multivariate map could look at rainfall, elevation and the amount of vegetation relative to both for example.

Types of Thematic Maps

Although cartographers can use these datasets in many different ways to create thematic maps, there are five thematic mapping techniques that are used most often. The first and most commonly used of these is the choropleth map. This is a map that portrays quantitative data as a color and can show density, percent, average value or quantity of an event within a geographic area. Sequential colors on these maps represent increasing or decreasing positive or negative data values. Normally, each color also represents a range of values.

Proportional or graduated symbols are the next type of map and represent data associated with point locations such as cities. Data is displayed on these maps with proportionally sized symbols to show differences in occurrences. Circles are most often used with these maps but squares and other geometric shapes are suitable as well. The most common way to size these symbols is to make their areas proportional to the values to be depicted with mapping or drawing software.

Another thematic map is the isarithmic or contour map and it uses isolines to depict continuous values like precipitation levels. These maps can also display three-dimensional values like elevation on topographic maps. Generally data for isarithmic maps is gathered via measureable points (e.g. - weather stations) or is collected by area (e.g. - tons of corn per acre by county). Isarithmic maps also follow the basic rule that there is a high and low side in relation to the isoline. For example in elevation if the isoline is 500 feet (152 m) then one side must be higher than 500 feet and one side must be lower.

A dot map is another type of thematic map and uses dots to show the presence of a theme and display a spatial pattern. On these maps, a dot can represent one unit or several, depending on what is being depicted with the map.

Finally, dasymetric mapping is the last type of thematic map.

This map is a complex variation of the choropleth map and works by using statistics and extra information to combine areas with similar values instead of using the administrative boundaries common in a simple choropleth map.

To see various examples of thematic maps visit World Thematic Maps

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Why Do Geographers Create and Use Thematic Maps?

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A thematic map is a map that emphasizes a particular theme or special topic such as the average distribution of rainfall in an area. They are different from general reference maps because they do not just show natural features like rivers, cities, political subdivisions and highways.

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By Joel Lumon Black

By selecting a color and/or color combinations for your brand you will take the first step in growing a favorable acceptance in your chosen industry.

Understanding Color (And What It Means For Your Brand)

Color plays a major part in the correct reflection of your brand. This visually obvious yet subtle application has a significant impact on the way a brand is perceived by the public. No matter if you're designing a brand for yourself, a small company, or a corporation the effects of color will not discriminate based on how much cash you have to start. When looking at color options for your brand it's always best to take a look at other brands to get a clear idea on how color schemes play a part on the perception of brand perception. A company with strong brand recognition, altering the color scheme where it is expected to be maintained can have dangerous results.

Color Is The Most Influential Sense (To Our Minds)

Today's marketplace is bombarded with products that are trying to get our attention at every head turn, decreasing the likely hood that your product will immediately stand out. According to the way our natural senses function Color is the most influential, followed by Shapes, Symbols, and finally Words. Here we will look at what colors mean on a basic level, as well as brands that are best known for their recognition by color, color combination practices, and how you can use these methods to develop your own brand.

But make no mistake, brand recognition will make a good company succeed faster and make bad companies fail faster. People attach most of how they feel about your brand according to their personal experience with your products and services. By selecting a color and/or color combinations for your brand you will take the first step in growing a favorable acceptance in your chosen industry.

The Meaning Of Color (And The Impact On Your Brand)

Color meanings vary from culture to culture, and the impact that your brand has on your targeted audience. Here is a list of a few meanings on how colors are interpreted by brands:

1. Hue is the primary value of a color and how the color red, green, blue, purple, etc. is perceived through the eye.

2. Saturation of a color is the overall intensity or brightness of the color, any color that appears dull is referred to as desaturated.

3. Value is the lightness or darkness of overall colors schemes.

4. Blue: Security, Trust Worthy, Stability, Loyalty, Wisdom, Confidence, Trust, Friendliness, Preservation, Courage, Science.

5. Green: Wealth, Money, Calming, Trees, Ambition, Endurance, Healing, Calm, Generosity, Natural, Completion, and Protection.

6. Red: Energy, Power, Vigor, Leadership, Courage, Passion, Activity, Joy.

7. Yellow: Optimism, Childish, Freshness, Law, Education, Arrogance.

8. Pink: Romantic, Feminine, Love, Beauty.

9. Orange: Cheerful, Passion, Pleasure, Enthusiasm, Fascination, Creativity, Fun.

10. Black: Powerful, Mysterious, Elegance, Sophistication, Functionality.

In our next chapter we will dive deeper into how brands are using these colors and how you can effectively use colors in your branding campaign, logo designs, graphic designs and web designs. There are many ways to deliver the correct message using color in your designs which will be covered in later sections. For now you have a really basic understanding of what colors mean and that they just aren't for decoration but have deliver an intrinsic value in

How Can You Effectively Use Colors In Your Brand?

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The Meaning of Color in Graphic Design From Black Bear Design

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By Joel Lumon Black Color plays a major part in the correct reflection of your brand. This visually obvious yet subtle application has a significant impact on the way a brand is perceived by the public.