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The solution presented to Italian citizens was fascism. This new idea of a far right government was appealing to citizens because of the struggles they experienced due to WW1. Fascism focused on the people of the country and while it was a new form of government it was build on some old policies making it appealing to citizens.

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Socialism redistributes money among the people of the country and helps support everyone. Fascism still used some of these views. Fascism focuses on the people of its own country and making the country strong. Fascism will still support the working class of the country so many people who felt comfortable in socialism can still receive the same benefits they experienced in socialism with more nationalism.

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Fascism's largest opposition to socialism was more nationalism. Socialism had a "antinationalistic character"(Afternoon Speech 37). Many struggling Italians wanted the country to become strong again and nationalism/fascism focused on the country and the countries working class and veterans. That group of people happened to be the group that was struggling the most. The timing of the soldiers and war contributed to the appeal of fascism, because the soldiers were home without jobs, they were now part of the struggling citizens in Italy. In a country focused on socialism, that group would be isolated and not feel important or cared for.

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Many soldiers and workers  who were displaced by the war and the following economic struggle suddenly had a force supporting them and giving them opportunities to fight for what you believe and get a job. Mussolini made sure to emphasize in his speech that the movement was focused on nationalism  and "promotes the cause  of the World War I veteran and of the working class"(Afternoon Speech 37). This made many of the struggling people in the country feel cared for and needed. When adding new ideas to the government it is important for leaders to ensure everyone is thought about, which also make it more appealing. Nationalism appealed to many struggling people because the country will now focus on itself and making itself strong versus working with outside countries.

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Discuss the factors that led to the support of fascism 1920 - 1933.

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Discuss the factors that led to the support of fascism 1920 - 1933.

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Consider: Why, and with what justification did Italians support fascism 1920 - 1933?

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What made Italian citizens turn against their own government? (Historical Context)

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What made Italian citizens turn against their own government? (Historical Context)

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What made Italian citizens turn against their own government? (Historical Context)The decisions the Italian Liberal government made before and during the Great War solidified Italian citizens resentment for their current leadership. When Parliament signed the Treaty of London, they were promised numerous territories. In exchange, Britain, France, and Russia could use their border with Austria-Hungary to fight WW1. However, by the time the war ended, the era of land grabbing and secret diplomacy had ended and the six territories Italy had claimed in 1914 were not given to the nation. In addition to the limited rewards, half a million soldiers had died, 148 billion lire was spent, and the cost of living was raised. The events at Fiume also added to the hate Italy's society felt for their government. By allowing D'Annunzio to take control of Fiume and taking over a year to respond, they, the government, reinforced their image of inadequacy and weakness.

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How could Italy restore it's image after their mutilated victory?

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How could Italy restore it's image after their mutilated victory?

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After the lose of hundreds of thousands of citizens, money, and their dignity during the Great War, Italian citizens craved an authority that would take action and show their strength and superiority. Even though the Fascist movement used very violent techniques such as trashing other political parties' newspaper buildings and beating those who went against them, it was considered "a crude but welcomed antidote to Socialism," (SHP- Development, pg. 51). Socialism, while still somewhat popular in Italy, opposed nationalism and frowned upon violence, both of which fascism supported and emphasized upon immensely. After the mutilated victory, the country needed that sense of nationalism and unity, something that could now only be achieved through force. A sense of unity in the community can lead to a happier nation and better flow in the government. This kind of mindset was something that pushed "the elite and agents of the government, disgusted by the weakness of the government, [to] cooperate with the Fascists," (SHP- Development, 51). With their own government and current political parties displaying such passive  behavior, many Italians began to leans towards fascism.

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What made fascism different from established parties (PSI, PPI, etc.)? 

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What made fascism different from established parties (PSI, PPI, etc.)? 

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While the Socialist Party and the Catholics had a set of specific ideologies that they followed and believed in, Fascism did not. In fact, Mussolini did not consider Fascism as a political party but instead as a movement claiming, "Italy had enough of politics and programmes and wanted action instead," (SHP- Development, 49). Because Fascism was not looked at as a political party, it could change and amend its ideas and visions more frequently than Socialists or Catholics. "Fascism had elements of both [left and right] ... It was revolutionary, but it could also claim to be conservative. It was Monarchist but also republican, at different times. It was Catholic, but also anti-clerical; It claimed to be socialist but could also be strongly capitalist whenever it suited the Duce to be so," (SHP- Development, 49). Although Mussolini would change or amend his policies more often than others, one thing remained the same and that was his drive for nationalism, strong state and active foreign policy, which was a concept most demographics wanted.