# data[].attributes.body
Realism was popular during 1880-1914. After the Civil War, the U.S. got more and more immigrants and the Rapid industrial (Industrialization) change the country's wealth and new status as a world power but it produced more social problems. The writers turned from Romanticism to Realism, emphasizing ordinary characters and events and seeking to reflect life as it really was.

The traits or characteristics of Realistic authors or their writing are
+ The writers disillusioned by the Civil War turned from Romanticism to Realism.
+ Regional writers used local color to portray everyday life in particular settings
+ American realist writers sought to depict ordinary life and people accurately. Some writers reflected the insight of modern psychology when portraying human behavior
+ Some writers influenced by Darwin and Freud began to view social problems as the result of biological forces that control human fate.

Work Cited

"The Age of Realism." Elements of Literature, edited by Kylyne Beers, Carol Jago, Deborah Appleman, Leila Christenbury, Sara Kajder, Linda Rief, Holt, 2009, pp 608.

# data[].attributes.body
The Industrial Revolution are the time technology growth. The American economy nurtured new technologies based on electricity, oil, and internal combustion. Industry was fueled by a seemingly endless supply of raw materials and cheap labor and new business strategies mirrored technological developments.  As industry advanced, the gap between rich and poor in the U.S. became a canyon.

Industrial Revolution influenced by American writers were aware of an established European tradition of realism. William Dean Howells, editor of the influenced magazine The Atlantic Monthly, became a tireless promoter of a distinctively American strain of realism. In his critical writings and novels, Howells modeled a "smiling realism" that portrayed an America where people may act foolishly, but their good qualities eventual win out

Work Cited
"The Perils of Prosperity." Elements of Literature, edited by Kylyne Beers, Carol Jago, Deborah Appleman, Leila Christenbury, Sara Kajder, Linda Rief, Holt, 2009, pp 610.

# data[].attributes.body
The Civil War impact to realism: A new generation of writers known as relists focused their attention on everyday life and ordinary human behavior. Mark Twain is best known for regional writer whose realism far surpassed local bounds. His well-known novel Adventure of Huckleberry Finn (1885) combines a lyrical portrait of a American landscape with a biting picture of the inherent social injustices for pre-Civil War life

Progressive Era is the excesses of uncontrolled industrialism, the squalor of overcrowded cities, and deep social inequalities sparked a wide-ranging impulse for reform and the writers realism  in the Progressive Era effort to depict life accurately was insufficient. The work of Charles Darwin held that human beings are wholly subject to the natural laws of the universe. At the same time, writers tried out new styles and forms of expression in early experiments with modernism.

Work Cited
"New settlers Go West." Elements of Literature, edited by Kylyne Beers, Carol Jago, Deborah Appleman, Leila Christenbury, Sara Kajder, Linda Rief, Holt, 2009, pp 609-613

# data[].attributes.body
Frank Norris demonstrated that one can be both a naturalists and a muckraker i  his best-known novel The Octopus: A story of California (1901), which describes the strangling effects of the railroad on California farmers.

William Dean Howells, editor of the influenced magazine The Atlantic Monthly, became a tireless promoter of a distinctively American strain of realism. In his critical writings and novels, Howells modeled a "smiling realism" that portrayed an America where people may act foolishly, but their good qualities eventual win out

Mark Twain is best-known  example of a regional writer whose realism far surpassed local bounds. His well-known novel Adventure of Huckleberry Finn (1885) combines a lyrical portrait of a American landscape with a biting picture of the inherent social injustices for pre-Civil War life

# data[].attributes.body
Regionalism focusing on what specially characterizes a geographical area and its people.

Regionalism and Realism all accurately convey the speech, mannerisms, behavior, and beliefs of people in specific locales.

Regional writers strive to capture the speech, dress, common beliefs, and social interactions of a given locale.

Work Cited
"Regionalism." Elements of Literature, edited by Kylyne Beers, Carol Jago, Deborah Appleman, Leila Christenbury, Sara Kajder, Linda Rief, Holt, 2009, pp 619.

# data[].attributes.body
3 differences between Realism and Romanticism:

A. Realism:
- expresses a message that depicts situations realistically.
- focuses on characters, details, objectivity and separation of author and narrator.
- The characters are normal, everyday people and the events of the plot are typically normal and have a distinct lack of supernatural or fantastical elements.

B. Romanticism:
- focuses on plot, hyperbole, metaphor and feeling.

- whereas romanticism illustrates messages by using fiction.
- supernatural, characters and forces act in romantic stories.

3 similarities between Realism and Romanticism:
- Both of these pessimistic views emerged in the 19th century, a period known for its trials and turmoil.
- They transformed the perception of the world by man.
- They are importance in the literary movements and have shown that the transition of history influenced art.
Work Cited
“What Is the Difference Between Romanticism and Realism?” Reference, IAC Publishing, https://www.reference.com/world-view/difference-between-romanticism-realism-e44597b47d8c82f3.
"Romanticism and Realism Comparison." UKEssays.com. 11 2018. All Answers Ltd. 01 2020 <https://www.ukessays.com/essays/english-literature/romanticism-and-realism-literary-movements-english-literature-essay.php?vref=1>.

# data[].attributes.body
Naturalism seeks to present human behavior objectively, as a scientist would.

Naturalism overlaps Realism that they seek truth in the universe --- no matter how dark that truth seems.

Naturalist writers move beyond realism in their quest to dissect human behavior and show human beings as subject to natural forces beyond their control.
Work Cited

"Realism and Naturalism." Elements of Literature, edited by Kylyne Beers, Carol Jago, Deborah Appleman, Leila Christenbury, Sara Kajder, Linda Rief, Holt, 2009, pp 681.