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Ch. 15 : 6) In this chapter, the authors reference a British critic in 1820 who said, “In the four quarters of the globe who reads an American book, or goes to an American play, or looks at an American picture or statue?” Yet, they also trace the development of uniquely American forms of art, architecture, and literature in the nineteenth century. As you read this chapter, can you explain the continuities and changes in American art, architecture, and literature from 1790 to 1860?

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Ch. 15 : 6) In this chapter, the authors reference a British critic in 1820 who said, “In the four quarters of the globe who reads an American book, or goes to an American play, or looks at an American picture or statue?” Yet, they also trace the development of uniquely American forms of art, architecture, and literature in the nineteenth century. As you read this chapter, can you explain the continuities and changes in American art, architecture, and literature from 1790 to 1860?

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Nationalism, and a countries overall culture was built upon the abundance of expressions of art, literature, and architecture. American nationalism emerged through an introduction of new American ideals and elements, long-lasting European influences, and religion! Foreign social ideas that were being introduced were vital to american culture and this idea can be seen throughout ALL of American history

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Ch.15 : 5) After you have read “Contending Voices: The Role of Women”, can you analyze both excerpts’ intended audience, purpose, and point of view?

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Ch.15 : 5) After you have read “Contending Voices: The Role of Women”, can you analyze both excerpts’ intended audience, purpose, and point of view?

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The importance of the first passage was to highlight condemnation of the way women were fighting for their rights. The author feels as though their actions are going against the Declaration of Independence and expectations for women to stay in ¨their place¨ essentially. In the second passage, the author highlights how men think they have a crucial factor in what a woman is supposed to do, the author also says the women e need to shy away from their traditional roles.

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 Ch. 15 4)How does the Second Great Awakening of the nineteenth century compared to the Great Awakening of the eighteenth century? As you read this chapter and review the information about the Great Awakening in Chapter 5, how many relevant similarities and differences between these two events can you generate?

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 Ch. 15 4)How does the Second Great Awakening of the nineteenth century compared to the Great Awakening of the eighteenth century? As you read this chapter and review the information about the Great Awakening in Chapter 5, how many relevant similarities and differences between these two events can you generate?

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The Great Awakening highlights a conflict between religions that were prominent in American Society. The Second Great Awakening was very prominent in american history in terms of religion. Although, it also provided society with temperance, the womans momement, reformation of the prison system, and the discussion on the establishment of slavery.

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Ch.15 : 3) Why did America produce so many reform and Utopian movements? What did they contribute to American culture?

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Ch.15 : 3) Why did America produce so many reform and Utopian movements? What did they contribute to American culture?

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America wanted to reinvent current society in order to allow for a higher quality of life. The transcendentalists such as Henry David Theorou provided us with the most forward position on the first amendment. One of the most influential Utopian movements, the shakers, provided american society with a new definition of societal gender roles and traditional sexuality. They created a movement that was clearly separated from normal american society and protected from the danger and disorder that that society was based on. This made America more diverse overall and brought controversial issues to a head such as women's rights, the prison system, and religion.

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Ch.15 : 2) Was the “new family” a progressive reflection of American democratic ideals, or a restriction on them?

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Ch.15 : 2) Was the “new family” a progressive reflection of American democratic ideals, or a restriction on them?

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- It gave women a sense of value in the home
- A mans status was based on the perceived quality of their home, wives, and children
- A increase interest in education of children gave women academic opportunities with the home
- Womens Societies and clubs began to appear
- Home and work were separate
-Women socialized separately

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Chapter 15 : 1)Were the “cult of domesticity” and the rise of the child-centered family signs of an improvement or a restriction in women’s status and  condition? 

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Chapter 15 : 1)Were the “cult of domesticity” and the rise of the child-centered family signs of an improvement or a restriction in women’s status and  condition? 

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Improvements :

- Wealthy women were allowed to stay at home
-smaller families
-¨shaping the child rather than breaking the child¨
- children were more independent
Restrictive :
- Women were less likely to engage in family relations
- Ignorance : some women worked whether they wanted to or no, women who did work were considered womanly
-the woman's statues deteriorated to someone who was underpaid and their labor was undermined

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Ch.14 : 7) As you read this chapter, can you combine the information from the primary source excerpts, tables, figures, maps, and text to create a persuasive understanding of westward migration and demographic changes in the United States from 1790 to 1860?

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Ch.14 : 7) As you read this chapter, can you combine the information from the primary source excerpts, tables, figures, maps, and text to create a persuasive understanding of westward migration and demographic changes in the United States from 1790 to 1860?

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Andrew Jackson was the first president who was raised west of the Appalachian Mountains and he strongly advocated for western expansion. In 1860, farmers were wanting more more land in order to keep up with their ever increasing production, which caused demand for their product to raise. Western expansion was their answer, the land was cheap and this allowed them to increase production for a relatively low price. The big demographic of people moving west were white but it foreigners promotes the idea that moving west symbolized opportunity.

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Ch. 14 : 6) In this chapter, the authors maintain that “clearly the early factory system did not shower its benefits evenly on all.” What relevant historical evidence can you find in this chapter or the previous ones that supports, modifies, or refutes this assertion?

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Ch. 14 : 6) In this chapter, the authors maintain that “clearly the early factory system did not shower its benefits evenly on all.” What relevant historical evidence can you find in this chapter or the previous ones that supports, modifies, or refutes this assertion?

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I support the statement that the early factory system did not shower its benefits evenly on all. In almost all of the factories made, the workers and laborers were working in dangerous and and unsanitary conditions because of the poor regulation and oversight over factories. They received extremely low wages for grueling work and long shift and child labor was rampant. Women would work extremely long hours and still receive less payment than their male counterparts.

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Ch.14 : 5) What caused the market and transportation revolutions of the nineteenth century? As you read this chapter, how many different reasons for the development of these changes can you identify?

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Ch.14 : 5) What caused the market and transportation revolutions of the nineteenth century? As you read this chapter, how many different reasons for the development of these changes can you identify?

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The American economy had been widely based off of local economy and relatively smaller scale farms. The market and transportation revolution allowed for the economy to mature into a flux, expanding, capitalist market. In the North east, the economy was altered by the industrial revolution and expanded the spread of urbanization.

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Ch. 14 : 4) What effects did the movement from a subsistence to a market economy have on American society, including farmers, laborers, and women? What were the advantages and disadvantages of the change?

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Ch. 14 : 4) What effects did the movement from a subsistence to a market economy have on American society, including farmers, laborers, and women? What were the advantages and disadvantages of the change?

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Advantages :
-More competition
-More goods were being produced
-lower prices
-families were closer
-expansion in territory
-this was all because increased technological advances
Disadvantages :
- Extremely poor work conditions
-low pay
-increase pay and women strikes
-big gap between the upper class and lower class

Farmers :
The increase in agricultural inventions like the cotton gin allowed farmers to increase their production and sell more product overall

Laborers :
The increase in inventions caused a rise of factories in america. This allowed for more job opportunities which led to more immigrants. Overall the number of laborers increased

Women :
As store bought items that were becoming available were once considered things that were traditionally women's work, such as fabrics, candles and soap. The home itself wasnt the center of economic production and women's work was starting to become unnecessary

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Ch. 14 : 2) Why was transportation—particularly the canals and railroads—so important in the early stages of industrialization?

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Ch. 14 : 2) Why was transportation—particularly the canals and railroads—so important in the early stages of industrialization?

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Before the transportation revolution,  commerce over water was slow and inefficient , stage coaches were shaky and transportation via this method was dependent upon weather conditions. The invention of the steamboat played an important role in expanding  western civilization and populated many river cities. Turnpikes also welcomed wagons which helped expand western movement.

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Ch. 14 : 3)Which technological innovation was most important for early-nineteenth-century economic development?

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Ch. 14 : 3)Which technological innovation was most important for early-nineteenth-century economic development?

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The steamboat allowed for industrial, economic, and social growth as well as allowed for the significant change in water transportation by allowing people to travel upstream efficiently.

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Chapter 14 : 1)How does the image of the frontier compared with the reality of pioneer life as described in the chapter?

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Chapter 14 : 1)How does the image of the frontier compared with the reality of pioneer life as described in the chapter?

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The image of the frontier was of moving western, where there was opportunity and a person could get rich relatively fast. But in reality, there was disease, starvation, ill-clad, depression, and there was premature death and extreme loneliness.