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We can conclude that Abe's unkindly outbreaks are responsible from his personality stance. His personality can be described as unstable. Which is referred to as anxious, aggressive, impulsive, unsociable, and more. Abe is described by his wife as unsociable and the case tells that he gets aggressive outbreaks towards his wife.  (Coon, Mitterer, & Martini, 2019, p.390).

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Bob jones, Abe's manager, became worried about Abe's attendance at work and will to work. In order to help Abe and his attendance Bob took action and put in place a reward system for Abe and his work group. " We are social beings with a need to affiliate- a need to associate with other people" (Coon, Mitterer, & Martini, 2019, p.540).

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Rheingold’s article contains a selective choice of considered events caused from multitasking and includes a clear insight of what multitasking is, and how specific types of multitasking are very dangerous and should not be done. The article relates to the case study of Abe Smith through its production of information and insight on multitasking and texting while driving. The article provides statements a past events that allow the reader to picture and understand the effects of texting and driving, as well as the stress made from trying to multitask (Rheingolds, 2018).

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Abe clearly has a problematic personal and professional life post accident. Reasonably, one could come to a conclusion that Abe would greatly benefit from assistance from a professional source, such as a therapist and or psychologist. With professional assistance, one could conclude that Abe may possibly figure out ways to help combat challenges he has faced post accident.

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In a study rats were put through a water maze in which they had to swim to a hidden platform. The rats would memorize where the platform was and would swim to it faster each round. However after giving the rats brain damage their ability to find the platform suffered. "As the severity of the rats’ brain trauma increased the deficit in hidden platform learning increased as well during week one." (Sanders, 1998). After the accident Abe has trouble with the changed filing system. His spatial memory does not match the current filing system, therefore, he gets confused.

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According to the text "Social learning theory holds that we learn to be aggressive by observing aggression in others" (Coon, Mitterer, & Martini, 2019, p.550). After watching violent television shows, Abe acts unkindly towards his wife.

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Gaining weight from emotions and overeating

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Gaining weight from emotions and overeating

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Emotional eating is when people are prone to overeat when they feel anxious, angry, or when they are sad. (Coon, Mitterer, & Martini, 2019, p.321). We are told from Abe's case that since the accident, he has gained 20 pounds. We are also told from his wife, that he can be described as tense and anxious

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Abe is described by his wife as seeking a calm and quiet environment. His personality has not change, however, he finds himself frustrated very often and he is easily influenced by violence. Both of these actions he now expresses are polar opposites of his traits. "We use the idea of traits every day to talk about personality." (Coon, Mitterer, & Martini, 2019, p.380).

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The characteristics that described Abe from his wife, support Eirkson's studies because he his anxious which means a feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease. This develops a concern with his needs and comforts. Being tense could also mean that the anxiety he has, is really bad.

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This applies to Abe's case because since he failed to meet his needs, Abe has struggled. His wife states "He  is tense, anxious,  and unfriendly."  (Abes case)

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Abe may have signs of going through a midlife crisis. Midlife Crisis can sometimes be a person who is trying to "become what they use to be". Abe is trying to get back to the old him before the accident. His wife wants him to achieve goals and rekindle relationships with family members. (Coon, Mitterer, & Martini, 2019, p. 101)

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Limbic system plays an important role in controlling emotion and memory. The limbic systems helps organize basic survival responses. In the case Abe's  wife states he "seems on edge" after the accident. He became more sensitive and feels that people think of him as "disabled" and treat him differently after the injury. (Coon, Mitterer, & Martini, 2019, p. 75).

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The authoritarian parenting style frequently leads to a child developing low self-esteem. Abe's mother is described as a parent who is authoritarian. "… authoritarian parents may use withdrawal of love, or withholding affection, by refusing to speak to a child, threatening to leave, rejecting the child, or otherwise acting as if the child is temporarily unlovable." (Coon, Mitterer, & Martini, 2019, p.101).

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According to Erikson, Abe's development stage is referred to Middle Adulthood. In middle adult hood people start to care for oneself, one's children, and future generations. He then goes on to say " A Failure to broaden his or his concerns and energies to include the welfare of others and society as a whole, will result by a feeling of stagnation (concern with one's own needs and comforts)." (Coon, Mitterer, & Martini, 2019, p.101)

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Coon, D., Mitterer, J., & Martini, T. (2019). Introduction to psychology: Gateways to mind and behavior (15th ed.). Boston, Mass.: Cengage Learning.

Sanders, M. J. (1998). The effects of severity of traumatic brain injury on cognitive performance and hippocampal electrophysiology (Order No. 9934270). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses A&I. (304462377). Retrieved from http://proxygsu-gamc.galileo.usg.edu/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/304462377?accountid=11033
Rheingold, H. L. (2018, May 25). Multitasking: Let's Tame (Not Kill) the Beast. Retrieved January 21, 2020, from https://www.britannica.com/topic/Multitasking-Lets-Tame-Not-Kill-the-Beast-2119777

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Abe's memory is often problematic in his job environment. His manager, Bob Jones, reports that Abe cannot remember the new filing system. "Similarly, we may not encode the details of what we are reading in a book or studying for an exam". This relates to our case study due to Abe possibly not being able to encode the new memory from work. (Coon, Mitterer, & Martini, 2019, p.149)

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Fears are a form of classical conditioning. The text states "...many phobias begin as a conditioned emotional response (CER), or learned emotional reaction to a previously neutral stimulus" (Coon, Mitterer, & Martini, 2019, p.144). Since the crash Abe has an increased in heart rate when he hears the song that played during the car crash.

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The book states "Gate control theory suggest that pain messages from the different nerve fibers pass through the same neural "gate" in the spinal cord. If the gate is "closed" by one pain message, other messages may not be able to get through". This relates to our case study due to Abe reporting chronic pain post accident. (Coon, Mitterer, & Martini, 2019, p.136).

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According to the book, "Continuous reinforcement means a reward follows every positive/correct response" (Coon, Mitterer, & Martini, 2019, p.211). Abe's manager uses positive reinforcement in order to increase the likelihood that a behavior, that is wanted, is repeated.

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The topic relates to our case study of Abe Smith through perception of events and actions based on environment. Abe's wife states he is always on edge and also likes to seek a calm, quiet environment. " Our emotions can also shape our perceptions "(Coon, Mitterer, & Martini, 2019, p.149).

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Depth perception is "the ability to see three-dimentional space and to judge distances accurately" (Coon, Mitterer, & Martini, 2019, p.144). Without depth perception the world would appear flat. Abe reports that the car that hit him appeared to be farther away and moving slower than it was.

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Based off the information from the case study, it seems as if Abe Smith has a thalamus injury. The text states "Thalamus injuries can result in impairment to these four senses: vision, hearing, taste, and touch" (Coon, Mitterer, & Martini, 2019, p.75).

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- Abe Smith is having problems due to a car accident and has shown symptoms that he has forever changed in his brain processing.
- Abe lost his leg in the accident and is color blind.
- People Abe knows all support that he is a good person and all wish the best for him.
- His mother did not feel the same on Abe's perception.
- His therapist wrote that Abe has trouble sleeping.
- His wife describes him as tense.
- His manager rewards him and his group for good attendance
- He has a difficult time grasping things that have changed at work.
- He feels as if the world is out the get him.