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HEP formally known as the Health Extension Program was created in 2003 by the Ministry of Health.  HEP focuses on decentralizing health service facilities, diffusing care in rural areas by building one small Health Post per 5,000 people.Over 14,000 Health Posts where people can learn and be treated have been created. Women, men and children are becoming more knowledgeable on the health care system and preventative studies for illness, disease and healthy lifestyles.

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Health Extension Program: achievements in child health and family planning in a Rural community in Ethiopia

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It is hard for most Ethiopians to access healthcare because most people live within rural regions. The economy of population is quite poor so most people cannot afford to have or receive health care. When people in rural areas are in need of medical service they are mainly unable to travel to the areas with hospitals and primary care. In 2005, only 50 percent of the population lived within 10 kilometers of a clinic or other health service delivery point.

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The mission of the FMH To reduce morbidity, mortality and disability and improve the health status of the Ethiopian people through providing a comprehensive package of promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative and regulating health services via a decentralized and democratized health system in collaboration with stakeholders.

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Ethiopia’s health system is broken down into four tiers.  Primary Health Care Units (PHCU), District Hospitals (DH), Zonal Hospitals (ZH) and Specialized Hospitals (SH). Each of these tiers serves a different population.  “The PHCU is composed of a Health Center with five satellite Health Posts (HP) is intended to serve a population of 25,000 located within a 10 km radius catchment area.  Next is the DH, which serves a population of 250,000 acts as a referral and training centre for 10 PHCUs.  The ZH provides specialized services and training to a population of 1 million people and the SH gives community/unitary specialist services and acts as a centre for research and post basic training”. (WHO)

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Mortality rates in children are still high. The WHO’s statistical profile data updated in January 2015 shows that out of every 1,000 live births 64 will pass away before the age of five and more than 90% of child deaths will be due to pneumonia, diarrhea, malaria, neonatal problems, malnutrition and HIV/AIDS.

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Fighting Child Mortality in Ethiopia | UNICEF

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In Ethiopia, the effort to deploy health workers to even the most remote parts of the country has helped bring about a steep reduction in child mortality.

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Malaria is the biggest epidemic of all diseases in country with "Nearly three quarters of Ethiopia is considered to be malaria prone. A malaria epidemic occurs every 5–8 years with frequent outbreaks within short intervals.” (WHO). That equates to 48 million people being at risk of coming in contact with malaria.

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As of 2014 a study of a health profile showed that the average life expectancy for males is 58 and the average for females is 63 years old.  As a whole the average life expectancy is 59. Furthermore, 27% of males and 21% of females will pass away before the age of 15.

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Interview with Ethiopian Prime Minister of Health Dr. Kesetebirhan Admasu

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Ethiopian Minister of Health: We are the champions of country ownership in development

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In an interview with EURACTIV, Ethiopian Minister of Health Dr. Kesetebirhan Admasu described the impressive improvements of healthcare in his country over the last years, stressing that the reforms have been designed and implemented without following foreign prescriptions.

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45% of Ethiopia's 77 million people are living below the poverty line. Three-quarters of the population lack access to clean water, and four out of five people live without proper sanitation.”That is roughly 40 million citizens living in unrefined circumstances and 82% living under one dollar per day.

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Ethiopia has been identified as one of the poorest Health Systems in the Sub Saharan. It has been classified as one of the poorest due to unforeseen circumstances and crisis. For example drought, internal and external conflict, epidemics and pandemics.