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Norepinephrine (NE)

1 A hormone secreted from the adrenal medulla upon stimulation of stress, anger or fear. This is carried out by the central nervous system. Epinephrine is also known as adrenaline.

2.  Structure:

C8 H11 NO33.

3. It is made to increase heart rate and blood glucose levels. Your body only secrets when it is in danger .This neurotransmitter is important because it enhances your body for a better chance of survival.

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Histamine - Courtney Madril and Karyme Aispuro

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Histamine - Courtney Madril and Karyme Aispuro

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1. Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound. It is also an excitatory neurotransmitter.

3. Histamine is released to allergic reactions. Causes symptoms of allergies and also can contract smooth muscle. It is involved in local immune responses and inflammatory response. It also acts as a neurotransmitter for the brain, spinal cord and uterus.

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Oxytocin-Lyla Ragsdale and Madelyn Cooper

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Oxytocin-Lyla Ragsdale and Madelyn Cooper

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1. Describing the type of neurotransmitter:

Oxytocin is a peptide hormone or a neuropeptide. It is normally produced in the hypothalamus.

2. Describe the structure:

This type of neurotransmitter is a hormone or also known as the love hormone. It has three chemicals that make up this hormone: norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin.

3. What is the function? Why is this neurotransmitter important?

Oxytocin plays an important role in reproduction. It is different for females and males. For females the hormone triggers labor and the release of breastmilk. In males it helps move sperm. Also a fun fact, when you really like someone or are “in love” the chemicals can make you all giddy, energetic, and euphoric which leads to decreased appetite and insomnia so that means you can be too in love.

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1. A compound which occurs throughout the nervous system, in which it functions as a neurotransmitter.

2. The name acetylcholine is derived from its structure. It is a chemical compound made up of acetic acid and choline.

3. The function is that it contracts smooth muscles, dilates blood vessels, increases bodily secretion and slows heart rate. It is important because it is a chemical messenger and helps with brain and muscle function.

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Vasopressin is a type of hormone which is responsible for regulating plasma osmolality and volume.

It is a nonapeptide containing and arginine at residue 8 and two disulfide linked cysteine at residue of 1 and 6

Vasopressin is an excitatory neurotransmitter that regulates fluids.

It increases the flow of water by the kidneys, and increases blood pressure. This neurotransmitter is important because it regulates circadian rhythm and ACTH hormone in your brain.

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Epinephrine

Group 4: Ryann Stanley and Meagan Van Der Sluis

What type of neurotransmitter is it?

Epinephrine also known as Adrenaline is one of two neurotransmitters that can also be served as a hormone. It is categorized as a catecholamine.

What is the structure of Epinephrine?

Epinephrine is a catecholamine hormone, a sympathomimetic monoamine derived from the amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine. The chemical formula for Epinephrine is C9H13NO3.

What is the function?

To primarily increase a person's cardiac output and to raise the glucose levels in their blood. It triggers what is called the fight or flight response and is released when the body is under extreme measures of stress.

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GABA( gamma-aminobutyric acid )- inhibitory neurotransmitter

GABA’s function  is a chemical messenger that is widely distributed in the brain, its function is to reduce the activity of the neurons it binds to it also serves to control fear and anxiety.

Gaba is important because it can help control fear and anxiety when the neurons become overexcited.

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> Endorphin
1. Endorphins are excitatory; they endogenous opioid neuropeptides and peptide hormones in humans and other animals. They are stored and produced in the pituitary gland. The classification of molecules as endorphins is based on their pharmacological activity as opposed to specific chemical formulation.

3. Endorphin helps reduce stress and feeling of pain. Endorphin enhances pleasure and reduces pain.

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Glutamate-Brooke Niblack, Kylie H., Giselle M.

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Glutamate-Brooke Niblack, Kylie H., Giselle M.

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Type of Neurotransmitter:  Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter, it plays an important role in learning and memory.

Function/importance: It is a naturally occurring molecule that nerve cells use to send signals to other cells in the central nervous system. It plays an essential role in normal brain functioning and its levels must be tightly regulated.

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Dopamine Group: Kaylie Ireton & Priscilla Alejo

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Dopamine Group: Kaylie Ireton & Priscilla Alejo

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Dopamine is a Monoamine neurotransmitter type. our body’s nervous system uses it to send messages between cells. That's why it is sometimes called a chemical messenger. Dopamine plays a role in how we feel pleasure. The chemical structure of Dopamine is C8H11NO2.

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Serotonin-

Type of Neurotransmitter- inhibitory neurotransmitter that has been found to be intimately involved in emotion and mood. It is secreted by the neurons of the brainstem and by neurons that innervate the gastrointestinal tract

Function- Serotonin is an important chemical and neurotransmitter in the human body. It is believed to help regulate mood and social behavior, appetite and digestion, sleep, memory, and sexual desire and function. There may be a link between serotonin and depression.

Importance- Serotonin is the key hormone that stabilizes our mood, feelings of well-being, and happiness. This hormone impacts your entire body.

The structure of Serotonin is C10H12N2O. This consists of 12 Hydrogens, 10 Carbons, 2 Nitrogens and an Oxygen.

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Norepinephrine is a hormone secreted from the adrenal medulla upon stimulation of stress, anger or fear. This is carried out by the central nervous system. Epinephrine is also known as adrenaline.

It's structure is C8 H11 NO33 (the picture also shows this).

It is made to increase heart rate and blood glucose levels. Your body only secrets when it is in danger .This neurotransmitter is important because it enhances your body for a better chance of survival.