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It resulted in the victory of the national forces in 1923, under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Pasha, against the invaders in Anatolia, which suffered after the defeat in the First World War. In this process, the name of the people gathered in Ankara under the name of "Büyük Millet Meclisi" on April 23, 1920, on January 20, 1921, declared that the sovereignty belonged to the Turkish nation, and on 1 November 1922, with  decision of people had abolished the reign. The country was run by the parliamentary government.

Upon the resignation of the Board of Deputies on October 27, 1923 and the failure of a new cabinet to be established in its place to gain the trust of the parliament, Mustafa Kemal Pasha prepared a bill of law together with İsmet Pasha and submitted it to the Parliament on October 29, 1923, so that the regime would be Republican.  Organization to the adoption of amendments to the Fundamental Law of the Republic, Turkey was proclaimed by the National Assembly

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2007 de boğaz içinde patlayan havai fişekler

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The day the republic was proclaimed, had not yet been considered a
holiday. Only small celebrations were held that day. İn 1924, it was
decided to celebrate the republic day by throwing a ball. This
celebration was the beginning of future celebrations. On April 19, 1925,
the declaration of the republic was declared by the Turkish Grand
National Assembly (TBMM) as a national holiday.

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It was emphasized that a new country was founded from the wrecks of a fallen empire during the republic celebrations. At first celebrations were like daytrip ceremonies. In the same day ceremonies started with levee, after ceromonies there was a parade in front of top goverment officials and torchlight procession in the evening and in the evenings there was a ball called ''Cumhuriyet Balosu''. These celebrations continued until 1933. In 1933 there were celebrations for 10th Year of The Turkish Republic. Celebrations were three day long and these three days were accepted as public holiday in TBMM with 10th Year Of Republic Celebrations Law There were 10th year celebrations all over the country and the places where those celebrations took place were named "Cumhuriyet Meydanı". In Ankara Cumhuriyet Meydanı Mustafa Kemal Atatürk read 10th Year Speech, 10th Year march composed and the march was sung all over the cou