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Margarethe Schurz founded of the first kindergarten in the United States

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Elizabeth Peabody organized the first English-speaking kindergarten

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Susan Blow founded the first public school kindergarten

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Susan Blow formed the International Kindergarten Union (IKU)

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John Dewey and his wife, Alice Chapman Dewey founded the University of Chicago Laboratory School to implement their philosophy of a humane approach to education

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The National Association of Colored Women (NACW) was founded

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IKU formed the Committee of Nineteen

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Maria Montessori started a program for children ages 4 through 7 called Casa dei Bambini (Children’s House)

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Parents organized to start their own nursery schools. These programs are called parent cooperatives or co-ops.

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Abigail Eliot founded one of the first nursery schools in the United States

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Patty Smith Hill formed the National Committee on Nursery Schools, which became the National Association for Nursery Education (NANE)

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Dorothy Howard founded the first Black nursery school in Washington, D.C.

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Lucy Sprague Mitchell created a writer’s workshop for authors of children’s books at Bank Street

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Supreme Court’s Brown v. Board of Education decision banned schools to be segregated by race

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The first two-way immersion program (taught in both Spanish and English) was established in Miami

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Head Start Project was launched under President Lyndon B. Johnson

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The Head Start Program Performance Standards required that programs help each child build cultural identity, and that staff speak the primary language of the children and are knowledgeable about their culture

The government mandated that 10% of Head Start’s student population be children with special needs