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The play “Hamlet”, takes place in a royal castle in the country of Denmark in the late 1500s. In the exposition of the play in Act 1 Hamlet finds out the horrible event that his father, King Hamlet has recently passed away. Yet, the previous night there were two guards, Marcellus and Barnado that saw the sight of a ghost that looked and resembled the deceased King Hamlet.  Marcellus and Barnado couldn’t believe what they saw and told Horatio, which led to telling Hamlet. The next night, Hamlet witnesses the ghost, and the ghosts reveal that the current King, Caludius, was the one who had poisoned the King. “Brief let me be Sleeping within my orchard. My custom always of the afternoon. Upon my secure hour thy uncle stole. With juice of cursed hebenon in a vial,and in the porches of my ears did pour. Leperous distilment, whose effect. Holds such an enmity with the blood of man. That swift as quicksilver it courses through. The natural gates and alleys of the body and with a sudden vigor doth posset and curd, like eager droppings into milk. The thin and wholesome blood. So did it mine and a most instant tetter barked about. Most lazar-like, with vile and loathsome crust. All my smooth body. Thus was I, sleeping, by a brother’s hand. Of life, of crown of queen at once dispatched. Cut off even in the blossoms of my sin.” (Act 1, Scene 5, Lines 45 - 90) The spirit of Hamlet's father tells him to go and avenge his death.

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In act 2 we are immediately introduced to new characters in the play Hamlet. Polonius, who is the father of Ophelia and Laertes, believed that when Hamlet went mad it was because of his love for Ophelia, and went to tell Claudius. Yet Ophelia at the time was not too happy with meeting Hamlet. Later in the act Cladius called two of Hamlet's friends to come, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to keep an eye on Hamlet and understand what caused him to go mad. While they are trying to find out why Hamlet is going mad, the Queen Gertrude, believed it was because of the death of King Hamlet, yet Polonius was so sure it was because of his love for Ophelia that he was offering his own daughter to spy on Hamlet.  ” That’s what made him crazy. I regret not observing him more closely before I told you to do that. I thought he was just toying with you and meant to ruin your reputation. Damn my suspicious thoughts! It’s as common for us old people to assume we know more than we do as for young people to be too wild and crazy. Come on, let’s go see the king. We’ve got to discuss this matter, which could cause more trouble if we keep it secret than if we discuss it openly.”( Act 2, Scene 1, Lines 110 - 120). Yet Hamlet is only mad at times, and later he decides that he would throw a play and would use the players to find out the truth. “May be the devil, and the devil hath power. T' assume a pleasing shape. Yea, and perhaps Out of my weakness and my melancholy. As he is very potent with such spirits, abuses me to damn me. I’ll have grounds More relative than this. The play’s the thing. Wherein I’ll catch the conscience of the king.” (Act 2, Scene 2, Line 559 - 565)

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In the beginning of act 3 Poloius and Claudius try’s  to find out if Hamlet is truly mad because of his love for Ophelia. Later then find out he isn’t and that he's just mad. After Hamlet has a speech “To be or not to be”. “To be, or not to be? That is the question—Whether ’tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And, by opposing, end them? To die, to sleep—No more—and by a sleep to say we end The heartache and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to—’tis a consummation. Devoutly to be wished! To die, to sleep.To sleep, perchance to dream—ay, there’s the rub,For in that sleep of death what dreams may come When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,Must give us pause. There’s the respect. That causes calamity for such a long life.” (Act 3, Scene 1, Line 60 - 90) This one of the biggest topics Hamlet had talked about. It was the topic about his life or death, if it's better to be alive or dead. It gets into a lot of existential issues with wondering if it's better to live with Misery,  or to just end the misery by killing himself. The reason that Hamlet had this question was because he didn’t know if he had been brave or manly enough to avenge his father's death and to kill Claudius. After the intense speech the play Hamlet made is being shown to everyone, in the end Claudius yells and says to stop the play because he knew that Hamlet was doing. Later everyone leaves the play and Hamlet flows Claudius into he church where Claudius confesses that he has killed King Hamlet. “Oh, my offence is rank. It smells to heaven.It hath the primal eldest curse upon ’t,A brother’s murder. Pray can I not.Though inclination be as sharp as will,My stronger guilt defeats my strong intent,and, like a man to double business bound. I stand in pause where I shall first begin,and both neglect. What if this cursed hand. Were thicker than itself with brother’s blood?Is there not rain enough in the sweet heavens to wash it white as snow? Where to serves mercy. But to confront the visage of offence?And what’s in prayer but this twofold force. To be forestalled ere we come to fall. Or pardoned being down? Then I’ll look up.My fault is past. But oh, what form of prayer Can serve my turn, “Forgive me my foul murder”(Act 3, Scene 3, Line 40 - 70). Hamlet was on the other side of the confession and he had the chance to kill him, yet he didn’t because like in his speech he didn’t know if he was brave enough to do so. Later, that night Polonius went into Gertrude’s room and not moments later Hamlet came in. Polonius went behind the certain and Hamlet though it had been Claudius, so Hamlet killed Polonuis.

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Claudius didn’t want people to see him as weak or want people to know that he is in fear, knowing that that could have been him. So he decided to send Hamlet to England immediately. Also, Hamlet would tell his friends Rosencrantz and Guildenstren where the body of polonius is, and keeps giving random riddles about where the body is, and said that he won’t be able to find it but will be able to smell it. Later in the play we are introduced to a new character named Fortinbras, he was the young prince of Norway. Hamlet seemed to compare  himself with Fortinbras a lot because of how they both wished to avenge their fathers deaths, yet in reality Fortinbra was way more brave and wanting to kill and avenge with Hamlet was. Back in Denmark, Ophelia wasn’t taking the death of her father well, and she actually went mad. “I hope all will be well. We must be patient, but I cannot choose but weep, to think they should lay him i' th' cold ground. My brother shall know of it, and so I thank you for your good counsel. Come, my coach! Good night, ladies. Good night, sweet ladies. Good night, good night” (Act 4, Scene 5, Line 37  -70) The reason that Ophelia has snapped was because everyone she had loved she had lost, also everyone all the time was telling her what to do and she just snapped and couldn’t hold it anymore. In the end of act 4 Claduis mangoes to calm down Laertes, son of Polonuis. Laertes was really mad about his father's death and wished to have him revenge on Hamlet for killing his father.

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Ophelia had passed away, and Hamlet didn’t know. Until the king and queen were putting her away Hamlet saw and ran to her, He had declared that he loved her all the time, yet Gertrude the Queen said that Hamlet's madness was the reason for Ophelia’s death. I loved Ophelia. Forty thousand brothers. Could not with all their quantity of love. Make up my sum. What wilt thou do for her? 'Swounds, show me what thou'lt do. Woo’t weep? Woo’t fight? Woo’t fast? Woo’t tear thyself?Woo’t drink up eisel, eat a crocodile? I’ll do ’t. Dost thou come here to whine,To outface me with leaping in her grave?Be buried quick with her?—and so will I.And if thou prate of mountains let them throw Millions of acres on us, till our ground,Singeing his pate against the burning zone,Make Ossa like a wart! Nay, an thou'lt mouth,I’ll rant as well as thou” (Act 5, Scene 1, line 245 - 260) Claudius in the end said that Hamlet and Laertes shall have a duel as soon as possible.  Claudius Add two plans on killing Hamlet.  one of which was to put poison on the fencing sword,  and if that didn't work they had a couple of wine that also had poison in it.  After the first round fencing Hamlet had one and stepped aside.  Gertrude  came up with the poisoned cup 2 Hamlet and asked him to drink,  but the queen does.  The queen did not know that the wine was poisoned and Claudius just Watched his wife drink the poison.  After that Laertes wounded Hamlet with the sword that had the poison, In between their teeth had dropped his sword and Hamlet had switched the swords and took Laertes which had the poison on them.  In the end of the play Hamlet stabs Claudius with the poisoned sword and then he made Claudius drink the poisoned wine. After Claudius had died Laertes had died as well. In the end Hamlet had told Horatio his best friend to tell the story to the world and name Fortinbras the new throne to Denmark.

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Hamlet was a very conflicted character. He went mad because of the reason that the ghost of his father (King Hamlet) told Hamlet to avenge his death. He had been rude to Ophelia yet when he found out she has died he said he loved her, and in the end he wouldn't let his best friend Horatio drink the poisoned wine, he told Horatio to tell people the story and to live, and that he only wished well and good.

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Ophelia was a character that had changed a lot through out the play. She started off being someone who would only follow her fathers foot steps, and she would do anything he said. She would have to obey him and do as he said until she gets married. At the end of the play when Ophelia found out that her father was killed he snapped and went mad. Later in the play she died, because the grief had poisoned her brain and she couldn't handle it.

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