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The amount of gasses that surround earth.

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The Zone on earth where life can exist.

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The earths water in solid, liquid and gas form.

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Earths solid outer layer in the atmosphere.

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A place where living organisms are in there physical and chemical environment.

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The ability to maintain an ecological balance.

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An organism that obtains its energy from consuming other organisms.

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An ecosystem that lives through a natural process.

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Visible forms of radiant energy.

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The form of energy transferred during heating or Cooling.

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Energy that travels through empty space.

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The process by which sugar and oxygen are converted into carbon dioxide and water, to provide energy for the cell.

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A sequence of organisms, each feeding on the next, showing how energy is transferred from one organism to another.

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The non living physical and chemical components of an ecosystem.

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An organism that makes its energy rich food compounds using the suns energy.

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Living things, there remains and features such as nests associated with there activities.

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The functions a species serves in its ecosystem, including what it eats, what it eats and how it behaves.

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The level of an organism in an ecosystem depending on its feeding position along the food chain.

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A representation of the feeding relationships within a community.

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A representation of energy, numbers, biomass relationships in ecosystems.

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The process in which the suns energy is converted into chemical energy.

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-Earth’s mass creates a force of gravity strong enough to hold gases near its surface.
-  Without the atmosphere, most of Earth’s species would be unable to survive.
-  Scientists use the term biosphere to describe the locations in which life can exist within the lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere
-  The lithosphere is the rocky outer shell of Earth. It consists of the rocks and minerals that make up the mountains, ocean floors, and the rest of Earths solid landscape.
-  The hydrosphere consists of all the water on, above, and below Earths surface. It includes oceans, lakes, ice, groundwater, and clouds.

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-  Scientists define an ecosystem as all of the living organisms that share a region and interact with each other and their non-living environment.
-  Individual organisms from many species share an ecosystem.
-  Human activities often change the biotic and abiotic features of an ecosystem.
-  Artificial ecosystems are not usually sustainable.

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- All organisms require energy to stay alive and function.
- Thermal energy keeps Earth’s surface warm, but it cannot provide organisms with the energy they need to grow and function.
-  Many organisms are able to convert light energy into chemical energy using the process of photosynthesis.
-  Many organisms cannot photosynthesize. Therefore, they are not able to make their own energy-rich sugar or building materials. These organisms, called consumers.

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-A species’ niche includes what it feeds on, what eats it, and how it behaves. No two species occupy identical niches.
-  Food chains illustrate who eats whom in an ecosystem.
-  Ecologists refer to the trophic level, or feeding level, to describe the position of an organism along a food chain.
-  Food chains do not exist in nature. They are used to show simple feeding relationships.
-  Another way ecologists illustrate how ecosystems function is through ecological pyramids. Ecological pyramids display relationships between trophic levels in ecosystems.

A scavenger is an organism that mostly consumes decaying biomass, such as meat or rotting plant material.

an animal or person that eats food of both plant and animal origin.

A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage or marine algae, for the main component of its diet.

A carnivore is an animal that gets food from killing and eating other animals.

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1. Mass is proportional to gravity. Since gravity is necessary to hold an atmosphere, therefore mass is important to an atmosphere.

2. The atmosphere protects living things on earth from sun rays. The atmosphere acts as a shield for harmful sun rays.

5. Earth is very large but the biosphere is very thin. All conditions required for life must be met and maintained within this thin layer of groundwater and lower atmosphere.

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1. Abiotic, Biotic, Abiotic, Abiotic, Biotic, Biotic, Abiotic, Abiotic, Abiotic, Abiotic, Abiotic, Biotic.

2. Communities do not have abiotic features. Communities only include Biotic.

3. Backyard pond.

4. False, Humans have the ability to influence abiotic factors aswell.

5. I would consider to be a popular city because there is only gonna be humans in the city and not other organisms such as lions, gazelles etc.

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1. 0.023 is absorbed by plants called photosynthesis. 30% is reflected by clouds or earths surface.

3. If a plant contains chlorophyll. They can produce energy rich substances.

4. The sugar is used for other things such as carbon, hydrogen....

5. Photosynthesis both use the same procedure, Photosynthesis converts carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose.

6. They share cellular respiration. One can photosynthesis while the other eats other organism for energy.

8. I don't think they are essential as producers of food or oxygen since they photosynthesize.

11. In the night they do something called plant respiration. They cant photosynthesize in the night because they need the sun to photosynthesize.

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1. An ecological niche is the role and position a species has in its environment; how it meets its needs for food and shelter, how it survives, and how it reproduces. Definition from google.

The ecological niche of humans is bounded by their biological tolerance of extremes of environmental conditions.

Dung beetle, they eat dung.

Xerophytic Plants

Extremophiles.

3. Adding or removing an species from the ecosystem can bring imbalance and leave some species extinct.

4. The 10% of energy goes to the next level.

7. They are not shown in the same food web as the animals do not interact with one another as they have similarities.

8. A) The hawk Would get all the primary consumers.

B) The hawk would benefit as it could consume more primary consumers.

C)The mouse as the hawk is in the air and a mouse is really small.

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Was this column for something in particular? I hope you don't mind me using it for feedback. You have a good start here, however your jot notes could definitely use some more detail - they are a little sparse. Your questions also could do with some more detail. For example, in the question where it asks you to identify what in the list is abiotic and what is biotic, you have done them in order, but if you don't look at the textbook at the same time, then you don't know what is what. The idea behind this assignment was to give you a quick reference, and if you need to look up things in the textbook, this defeats the purpose.