# data[].attributes.body
He rejected the child depravity doctrine which stated that children were inherently bad and that teachers needed to use corporal punishment to discipline them.
pg. 87
(Lily Comparone)

# data[].attributes.body
He believed that children learn most efficiently when they are developmentally ready to learn a particular skill or subject. He warned against hurrying or rushing children in the classroom.
pg. 88
(Lily Comparone)

# data[].attributes.body
Comenius believed that schooling could promote international understanding and peace by cultivating universal knowledge and values. This, he believed, could lead to peace and create a nonviolent world.
pg. 89
(Lily Comparone)

# data[].attributes.body
He was instrumental in development and organization of instruction for stages of development in the human mind. (P. 91)
Chris Kenney

# data[].attributes.body
Was a leading curriculum theorist who stressed scientific and applied knowledge, as well as emphasizing problem solving skills in context of community. (P. 91)
Chris Kenney

# data[].attributes.body
Created Kindergarten for special early learning for children. He also relied on self-activity, play, and limitation. (P. 90-91)
Chris Kenney

# data[].attributes.body
He sought to create learning environments in which a child's natural goodness could grow (page 90). (Alexis Delese)

# data[].attributes.body
He did not believe in schools, thinking that they were teaching children to conform to society's rules and standards instead of living in nature. (Page 93) (Alexis Delese)

# data[].attributes.body
Devised the Object Lesson which used concrete objects as a basis of form, numbers, and names (page 95) (Alexis Delese)

# data[].attributes.body
Dewey worked to apply pragmatism to education. By doing this he worked to open schools to social reforms and change. (page 106)

(Madelyn Coombs)

# data[].attributes.body
Her educational ideas were based on efforts to improve the living and working conditions of immigrants that were in Chicago and worked to mobilize women to work for social and educational reforms. (pg. 107)

(Madelyn Coombs)

# data[].attributes.body
In 1908 she established a children's school for the impoverished children that lived in the slums of Rome. This school was named "Casa die Bambini". (pg. 109)

(Madelyn Coombs)

# data[].attributes.body
He sought to create a caring and emotionally healthy homelike school environment, ultimately winning the students' trust and affection and nurture their self-esteem. Pg. 94 (Baylee Burton)

# data[].attributes.body
Created "object lessons," which is using concrete objects as the basis of form, number, and name lessons. Pg. 95 (Baylee Burton)

# data[].attributes.body
Believed children should learn gradually, not be hurried, and should understand what they are studying before moving on to the next lesson. Pg. 96 (Baylee Burton)

# data[].attributes.headline
Fact #1 Principles of Teaching and Learning 

# data[].attributes.subject
Fact #1 Principles of Teaching and Learning 

# data[].attributes.body
He was concerned with students character education so he emphasized humanities by studying historical men and women as a source of moral values and how people made their own defining moral decisions.
pg. 97
(Haley Walker)

# data[].attributes.body
He structured instruction into a five step sequence that is relevant to our current No Child Left Behind guide, and teacher-preparation programs in the U.S and Japan used his sequenced ideas up until the early 20th century
pg. 98
(Haley Walker)

# data[].attributes.body
Friedrich Froebel created kindergarten which means "children's garden" as a school for early childhood education  so that children could externalize their inner spirituality through games, songs, stories, etc.
pg. 99
(Haley Walker)

# data[].attributes.body
Rousseau conveyed his educational philosophy in 1762 through his novel "Emile", the story of a boy's education from infancy to adulthood. (Pg. 92) (Kara Trimnal)

# data[].attributes.body
After his general approach was in place, Pestalozzi implemented his special method, which stressed direct sensory learning. ( Pg. 94) ( Kara Trimnal)

# data[].attributes.body
Freire's philosophy emphasizes to be conscious and conscious and critically aware of the social, political, and economic conditions and contradictions that affect a person's life. (Pg. 114) (Kara Trimnal)

# data[].attributes.body
First kindergarten he made was founded in 1837 at Blankenburg and featured games, play, songs, stories, and crafts.
Connor Young

# data[].attributes.body
Jane Addams rebelled against Victorian era gender restrictions  on women and rejected the tradition of limiting women in their opportunity to achieve higher education.
Connor Young

# data[].attributes.body
Piaget developed stage-learning theory of development that has many important educational applications to this day.
Connor Young

# data[].attributes.body
Argues that (1) education should be aligned with the natural stages of human growth and development, and (2) children learn by interacting with the objects and situations in their everyday environments. (pg. 86)
(Grace Terry)

# data[].attributes.body
Jean Piaget published multiple books. In 1955 he published Growth of Logical Thinking, in 1963 he published The Psychology of Intelligence, and in 1970 he published Genetic  Epistemology.  (pg 111)
Grace Andersen

# data[].attributes.body
Piaget emphasized children’s explorations and interactions with their environments as the most intelligent and effective way to learn. (pg.86)

- Jessenia Diaz

# data[].attributes.body
In 1986 Paulo Freire was awarded the UNESCO prize for Education for Peace (pg 115)
Grace Andersen

# data[].attributes.body
Nature to Herbert Spencer was the law of the jungle and survival of the fittest. He believed that people in an industrialized society needed a utilitarian education to learn useful scientific and technological skills. (pg 102)
Grace Andersen

# data[].attributes.body
Pestalozzi stressed empirical, or sensory, learning, through which children learn about their environment by carefully observing natural phenomena. (pg.96)
-Jessenia Diaz

# data[].attributes.body
His stress on emotional security as a necessary precondition for skill and subject learning anticipated the contemporary emphasis on safe and secure schools that are free of bullying and violence. (pg.96)

- Jessenia Diaz

# data[].attributes.body
His methods of teaching are relevant to the No Child Left Behind guidelines that should be spent on instruction for efficient and effectiveness of students. His methods outline the process of this. Herberts methods and No child left behind methods go hand and hand. (p.98) (kaylee Moran)

# data[].attributes.body
The Kindergarten also featured what Froebel called "occupations", materials could shape and use in building and construction activities (p.100) (kaylee Moran)

# data[].attributes.body
Addams's socialized education was defined in very broad social, economic, and political terms. She believed schools, like settlement houses, should work to build a sense of industrialized and technological society. (p.108) (Kaylee Moran)

# data[].attributes.body
Montessori recognized that children’s early experiences have an important formative and continuing influence on their later lives.As a pioneering women’s educator, Montessori vigorously challenged those who, because of sexist stereotyping, argued that women should be excluded from higher and professional education. (pg. 109) (Grace Terry)

# data[].attributes.body
Studied engineering at a technical institute 1886-1889 and was awarded doctor of medicine degree by the University of Rome in 1896. (pg. 108) (Grace Terry)

# data[].attributes.body
Dewey's influenced "hands on" or process-oriented teaching and learning by constructing the preservice education of teachers on the principles of seeing education in broad social terms and developing competencies in using the scientific method to solve problems (pg 106)

Alexandra Bedard

# data[].attributes.body
Dewey’s curriculum was set to develop sensory and physical coordination, allow children to focus on their interests, and to encourage children to act on their ideas. Page 104 (Sam)

# data[].attributes.body
Addams’ goal was for schools to feature a multicultural curriculum including history, customs, songs, etc of various ethnic groups in order to to create a more integrated society. Page 108 (Sam)

# data[].attributes.body
Addams argued that education needed to take on broader social purposes. Teachers need to understand the economic, demographic, and technological trends that were reshaping American society.
(pg 107-108)
Alexandra Bedard

# data[].attributes.body
Instead of traditional instruction, Freire believed that students learned best when they engaged in an open discussion with their teachers. Page 116 (Sam)

# data[].attributes.body
She established a children's school, for impoverished children in the slums of Rome. She designed a specially prepared environment that featured methods, materials, and activities based on her research based on her observations of children.
(pg. 109-110)
Alexandra Bedard

# data[].attributes.body
He was highly critical of traditional schools because they resisted change and continued to transmit an obsolete curriculum of Latin and Greek languages, literature, and history.
(Pg. 102)
Alberty Jones

# data[].attributes.body
Literacy meant more than learning to read and write. In his eyes, it raised peoples consciousness about the conditions of their lives. (Pg. 114)
Alberty Jones

# data[].attributes.body
Since kindergarten grew into an international movement, German immigrants imported the kindergarten to the U.S. pg. 101
Alberty Jones

# data[].attributes.body
Herbert Spencer proposed a utilitarian and scientific curriculum to prepare individuals to adapt successfully to their environments.(pg.86) Trey North

# data[].attributes.body
Herbert believed that education should be aligned with the natural stages of human growth and development and children  learn by interacting with the objects and situations in their everyday environment.
(pg.86) Trey North

# data[].attributes.body
Addams was a pioneer of multicultural, international,, peace and women's education. (pg.106) Trey North

# data[].attributes.body
Piaget centered his theories about learning and teaching around children sensory development. (pg. 90)
Emily Conner

# data[].attributes.body
Addams was the first American woman to be awarded a Nobel Peace Prize for her efforts in improving children's living/schooling conditions.
Emily Conner (pg. 107)

# data[].attributes.body
Rousseau had a strong belief in centering a child's learning experiences around their personal interests, and that they could learn a lot more from experiencing the world around them.
Emily Conner (pg. 93)

# data[].attributes.body
“Pestalozzi sought to develop schools that, like loving families, would nurture children’s holistic development.” Pg. 93 (Lauren Millard)

# data[].attributes.body
Believed that humans were good but we’re spoiled by corrupt societies. Pg. 94 (Lauren Millard)

# data[].attributes.body
“Pestalozzi devised object lessons in which children learned the form, number, and Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, who used concrete objects as the basis of form, number, and name lessons. names of objects.” pg. 95 (Lauren Millard)

# data[].attributes.body
Piaget's stages of cognitive development allows us to understand how a child develops, which then allows us to adjust our teaching methods so they can better understand the material

Lexi Castro

# data[].attributes.body
Pestalozzi's methods of teaching to better each child's individual strengths is one method we can use to make teaching more equitable for all students