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Yousef Qanbari
Lochlan Cheung
Siyuan Li

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- Amino acids are molecules that contain nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon and oxygen in the form of amine and carboxylate groups as well as an organic group attached

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- Polypeptide is comprised of multiple Amino acids groups forming a long chain ( Primary )

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- The polypetide chain has a two unique structure depending on the type of bondings:

Alpha structure is a singal spiral polypeptide     adjoined through hydrogen bonds from the oxygen of the carboxylate group and hyrdogen of the amine group

Beta structure are two polpetide chains ajoined similarly to the single spiral excpet the bonding occurs across the two chains

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- A combination of these polypetide chains creates a single larger polypeptide structure called tertiary structure, where multiple tertiary structures create the final quatranery protein structure.

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- The energy values are
16.7 kJ/g (4.0 kcal/g) for protein

- One gram of protein contains four calories – the same amount as a gram of carbs.
- On a normal day, protein provides around 5% of daily energy. During strenuous activity, if glycogen stores are depleted, protein can provide up to 15% of energy.

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- Proteins are one of the major nutrients primarily for building body tissue and muscle

- Can be used as an energy source

- Make enzymes, antibodies and hormones
i.e. haemoglobin in the blood

- Needed in growth stages of life and maintenance of body stores

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- Inactive adults are advised to eat about 0.75 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight per day. On average, men are 55 grams and women are 45 grams

- A person that lifts weights regularly or is training for a running or cycling event should eat a range of 1.2-1.7 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight per day
i.e 75kg Adult should consume 101 grams

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- Animal protein enhances iron absorption

- Zinc helps maintain the shape and structural integrity of proteins

- The pancreas breaks down protein through Proteases