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Works Cited

“Conclusions.” Agriculture, Trade Negotiations and Gender, https://www.fao.org/3/a0493e/a0493e07.htm.

Duckett, Maryellen Kennedy. “Empowering Female Farmers to Feed the World.” Culture, National Geographic, 3 May 2021, https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/partner-content-empowering-female-farmers.

“Women in Agriculture.” Weltagrarbericht, https://www.globalagriculture.org/report-topics/women-in-agriculture.html#:~:text=Women%20are%20of%20vital%20importance,food%20production%20in%20developing%20countries.&text=In%20many%20farming%20communities%2C%20women,of%20knowledge%20on%20crop%20varieties.

“Women.” Farming First, 8 Mar. 2018, https://farmingfirst.org/women_infographic/.

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The benefits of creating equality in agriculture are numerous, both in maximizing the economic potential of women and feeding a growing population. Most undernourished people live in developing countries, which is where women have a large part in agricultural production. Therefore, by giving them equal access to the resources enjoyed by men, women could increase production by up to 30% and feed an estimated 150 million people. They would also earn extra income to afford essential services such as health care, nutrition, and education, which will have positive effects on the population in the long run.

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Difficulties Women in Agriculture are Facing

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Difficulties Women in Agriculture are Facing

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Women face a variety of obstacles relating to their gender, especially lack of access to productive resources. In addition to land, gender bias often prevents women from accessing credit, barring them from buying and using fertilizer and other technology that could increase productivity. Additionally, women face discrimination in transport, storage, technical assistance, and market opportunities. This hinders their ability to increase their economies of scale and broaden into cultivation of higher-return crops.

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As the market becomes more concentrated, commercial, and globalized, women are often excluded due to their majority in subsistence agriculture. Commercial farms are more likely to be owned by men, giving them a better standing to benefit from the increasingly global market. Even when women do participate in commercial agriculture, the sales receipts are often controlled by men. Furthermore, women get limited to no benefits from training and the introduction of new technology such as crop varieties, making it hard to keep up with the competition.

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Women are employed at a higher rate in subsistence agriculture than commercial agriculture, encompassing 43% of the agricultural labor force in developing countries. However, only 10-20% of landholders in these countries are women. In many places women still cannot own land, making it extremely difficult or impossible for women to establish themselves in the industry. When they cannot make decisions over the land they work, it prevents women from entering contract farming agreements that would provide higher earnings and more reliable sources of income. Plus, when they are able to own land, it is almost always smaller plots or of lower quality.

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The roles of women within the food industry are hindered somewhat in both developing countries and developed countries

Developing: cultural traditions may hinder them from brining their crop to market or sometimes even leave the village, making it hard to sell your crop

Developed: gender bias, deliberate or not, makes it easier to handle transactions as a male than a female.