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In a per curium opinion, the Court held that Illinois must provide strict procedural safeguards, including appellate review, to deny a stay for an injunction depriving the Nazi Party of protected First Amendment rights.

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A claim must generally be false and must have been made to someone other than the person defamed.

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Some common law jurisdictions also distinguish between spoken defamation, called slander, and defamation in other media such as printed words or images, called libel. False light laws protect against statements which are not technically false, but which are misleading.

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The section of the Bill of Rights that guarantees a jury trial for civil cases in the federal courts.

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Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.

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In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.

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Speech directed at the overthrow of government. It includes speech attacking basic institutions of government, including particular governmental leaders.

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The right to a speedy and public trial.

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A landmark United States Supreme Court case concerning the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, which ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps during World War II regardless of citizenship.

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No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury. Can't be tried for the same crime twice.

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Racial segregation, especially in public schools, that happens “by fact” rather than by legal requirement. For example, often the concentration of African-Americans in certain neighborhoods produces neighborhood schools that are predominantly black, or segregated in fact ( de facto ), although not by law ( de jure ).

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The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.

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A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.

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Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.

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This case established the "Lemon test"

1. The statute must have a secular legislative purpose. (Also known as the Purpose Prong)

2. The principal or primary effect of the statute must not advance nor inhibit religion. (Also known as the Effect Prong)

3. The statute must not result in an "excessive government entanglement" with religion. (Also known as the Entanglement Prong)

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udicial suppression of material that would be published or broadcast, on the grounds that it is libelous or harmful.

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the First Amendment states that the government shall make no law prohibiting the free exercise of religion.

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A test courts may use to determine the constitutionality of a statute or ordinance. To pass rational test review, the challenged law must be rationally related to a legitimate government interest.

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States are required under the 6th amendment to the U.S. Constitution to provide an attorney to defendants in criminal cases who are unable to afford their own attorneys.

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It upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws for public facilities as long as the segregated facilities were equal in quality, a doctrine that came to be known as "separate but equal".

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Slaves aren't people

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Legalizes abortion.

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nded segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin, is considered one of the crowning legislative achievements of the civil rights movement.

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e former practice of segregating black people in the US.

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Government giving women and minorities benefits when it comes to colleges, etc.

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These tests were intended to disenfranchise racial minorities.

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Against the law to do unreasonable searches and seizures.

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No state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction "the equal protection of the laws.

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Police have to read your rights.

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Denies the ability to segregate in schools.

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No school sponsored prayer.

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A constitutional doctrine whereby selected provisions of the Bill of Rights are made applicable to the states through the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

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A form of speech that expresses an idea or emotion without use of words, such as burning one's draft card, bra, or flag, or picketing.

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Minorities receive more benefits than a white person would.

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Sufficient reason based upon known facts to believe a crime has been committed or that certain property is connected with a crime.

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Segregation of racial groups that arises as a result of economic, social, or other factors rather than by operation or enforcement of laws or other official state action.

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A class of individuals that have been historically subject to discrimination.

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Involves the communication of ideas through the combination of language and action.

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The prosecution of a person twice for the same offense.

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Fair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially as a citizen's entitlement.

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Prohibits the use of illegally obtained evidence in a criminal trial.

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The clause in the First Amendment of the US Constitution that prohibits the establishment of religion by Congress.