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When Amir starts to pray for the first time in 15 years and starts to ask for forgiveness . pg 346.

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When Amir starts to pray for the first time in 15 years and starts to ask for forgiveness . pg 346.

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Amir at first when adoption was brought up agreed and stepped down when his father in law gave his negative opinion on it but after going through everything that happened in the rest of the book and how much Amir had to go through, he became more assertive and he himself defied the social standard of Hazara vs Pashtun.

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Amir is finally able to confront society and he did what Baba couldn't do. Pg.361

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Amir is finally able to confront society and he did what Baba couldn't do. Pg.361

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Pg.361 "You will never again refer to him as 'Hazara Boy ' in my presence .He has a name and it's Sohrab " - Amir 

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Pg.361 "You will never again refer to him as 'Hazara Boy ' in my presence .He has a name and it's Sohrab " - Amir 

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Amir's character development has changed him to stand as where before he referred to Hassan as just his servant .

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Previously, Amir had referred to Hassan as "just a Hazara", but now we see how he has changed when he says "You will never refer to him as 'Hazara boy' in my presence".

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When Amir finally sees himself fighting the bear rather than Baba, it shows that Amir is finally coming to terms with the fact he has to face his guilt and stop running because he has to make things right to redeem himself.

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At the end of the novel he realizes redemption is "one snowflake at a time" rather than a quick fix like violence, or running away

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At the end of the novel he realizes redemption is "one snowflake at a time" rather than a quick fix like violence, or running away

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"Because when spring comes, it melts the snow one flake at a time, and maybe I just witnesses the first flake melting." (371)
Though it expresses that not all guilt is lost, and will take a long amount of time to heal from it and feel whole again.

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For him to say that quote automatically was a big deal. Amir was originally looking for quick redemption but here he is understanding it takes one snowflake at a time.

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This quote represents his repentance for what he did to Hassan, and for all the wrongs that he did.

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The symbolism of the snow. After the incident the snow began to build up but now he mentions it is melting representing the release of guilt.

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"I ran. A grown man running with a swarm of screaming children. But i didnt care" Finally feeling free of his guilt after having rescued Sohrab and even though they are taking small steps with Sohrab, he himself is free from his "sins".

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"It didn't make everything all right. It didn't make anything all right. Only a smile. A tiny thing." (371)

"Because when spring comes, it melts the snow one flake at a time, and maybe I just witnessed the first flake melting." (371)

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By telling Sohrob the same phrase that Hassan told Amir, It shows that Amir is loyal to Sohrab just as Hassan was loyal to Amir.

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"It was only a smile, nothing more. It didn't make everything all right. It didn't make anything. Only a smile...but ill take it with open arms. and maybe i just witnessed the first flake in melting"(371) there is always a chance to be good. Slowly but Amir is doing change. Which he wanted to do form a long time.  

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"It was only a smile, nothing more. It didn't make everything all right. It didn't make anything. Only a smile...but ill take it with open arms. and maybe i just witnessed the first flake in melting"(371) there is always a chance to be good. Slowly but Amir is doing change. Which he wanted to do form a long time.  

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"For you, a thousand times over" (371). When Amir says this to Sohrab it is clear that Amir is finally reaching the forgivness he longed for through Sohrab. This is turning point for Amir as he repeats this phrase he shifts to Hassans place of loyalty and reaches his need for redemption.

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Pg. 369-371
Authors purpose of the flashbacks with Hassan is to create the new ones with Sohrab. The similarities with Sohrab and Hassan. Amir wants to make it right by being loyal with Sohrab

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Society has created such a division with the way loyalty is being taught and now has made it dangerous for anyone, depending on which class they were forced into.

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when Amir goes back to the tree he sees that the tree no longer has fruit, this shows Amir and Hassans friendship because Hassan died as long a their friendship a long time ago.

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" You've always been a tourist here, you just didn't know it" pg 232

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" You've always been a tourist here, you just didn't know it" pg 232

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Amir believes that if he was to go to Kabul, and get Hassan's son then that is the "a way to end the cycle" (227) of sin. There will finally be a way for Amir to be forgiven, and redeemed.

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225 " How could he have lies to me all those years ?... fifteen years after I'd buried him, I was learning that Baba had been a thief" 

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225 " How could he have lies to me all those years ?... fifteen years after I'd buried him, I was learning that Baba had been a thief" 

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226 " That Rahim Khan had summoned me here to atone not just for my sins but for Baba's too" 

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226 " That Rahim Khan had summoned me here to atone not just for my sins but for Baba's too" 

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His simply reply "no" to Rahim Khan would tell us that he would have reacted differently

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Baba left Hassan behind in Afghanistan because he did not have full Pashtun blood, unlike Amir.

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Baba left Hassan behind in Afghanistan because he did not have full Pashtun blood, unlike Amir.

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He takes his son that is 100 percent Pashtun to America and leaves the other that is only half  Pashtun to be murdered in Afghanistan.  Even in America with Amir and Soraya passing on the blood of your people is extremely important and the idea of adoption is not considered a good choice.

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Rahim Khan was not true to Amir, nor Hassan, since he knew they were brothers but never said anything to either of them.

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Rahim Khan was not true to Amir, nor Hassan, since he knew they were brothers but never said anything to either of them.

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"And I dream that someday you will return to Kabul to revisit the land of our childhood. If you do, you will find an old faithful friend waiting for you" (218)

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"And I dream that someday you will return to Kabul to revisit the land of our childhood. If you do, you will find an old faithful friend waiting for you" (218)

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Hassan's letter to Amir once again reflects his sincere and loyal personality. He still considers Amir a friend, and hopes to see him again. It's almost as if Hassan was able to forgive Amir and his actions. But Amir still continues blaming himself.

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Baba's power and respect would have been taken away if he said that Hassan was his son, not Ali's.

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Baba's power and respect would have been taken away if he said that Hassan was his son, not Ali's.

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Once it is found out that Hassan was Amir's half brother, it is discovered that Hassan is actually half pashtun half hazara, which is unfortunate considering Amir and the rest of society probably would've treated him better had they known that, even though that isn't fair.

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"It has never been about money with me, you know that. And why you? I think we both know why it has to be you, don't we?" (221)

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"It has never been about money with me, you know that. And why you? I think we both know why it has to be you, don't we?" (221)

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This can tie back to "There is a way to be good again", since Amir might be able to seek redemption. Unfortunately Hassan is gone, but he can still do good by caring for his nephew - Sohrab

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Rahim Khan allowed Amir to see the truth

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Rahim Khan allowed Amir to see the truth

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When Amir read his story to Hassan he expressed himself as if they were family.

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Amir is hidden the fact that Hassan is his brother even though Baba had told him that lying was a sin.

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Amir is hidden the fact that Hassan is his brother even though Baba had told him that lying was a sin.

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Amir is betrayed by both Rahim Khan and Baba

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Amir is betrayed by both Rahim Khan and Baba

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Amir feels betrayed. Both Rahim Khan and his own father didn't tell him or Hassan that they were brothers. He may also feel betrayed because now he could feel that everything that Baba taught him was completely hypocritical, for example the one true sin is theft. Baba had robbed Hassan and Amir of their brotherhood.

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Baba mentions in the beginning of the book that lying is the worst sin, yet Baba lied to Amir his whole life about Hassan being Amir's brother

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Rahim Khan not telling Amir that Hassan is his brother.

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Rahim Khan not telling Amir that Hassan is his brother.

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Arirm feels betrayed because Rahim Khan hid the fact that his brother is Hassan. Rahim explains "it was a shameful situation", however Amir does not feel like it justifies his actions and that his "whole life is one big...lie".

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"How could you hide this from me? From him?" (223)

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"How could you hide this from me? From him?" (223)

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Rahim Khan revealed that Hassan and Amir were brothers. This adds another layer to the characters relationship and conflict. Although they were brothers all along, Amir never viewed him as an equal.This truth, had it been revealed earlier, might have changed the outcome.

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"How could you hide this from me? From him?" (223). Amir feels betrayed that no one, including Rahim Khan told him that Hassan was his brother.

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"he eclipsed the moonlight" (115) though Amir was a bight terrified of Baba's actions, he still saw the power that Baba had and how Amir is really different from Baba.

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" I think a big part of the reason I didn't care about Soraya's past was that i had one of my own" pg 180 - Truth

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" I think a big part of the reason I didn't care about Soraya's past was that i had one of my own" pg 180 - Truth

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Soraya tells her whole truth to Amir about running away and what happened but Amir won't tell what he did or more like what he didn't do he feels bad for not telling her the whole truth

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Amir's wedding fulfilled something that Baba wanted. And before he died he knew it was okay for him to go because Amir was okay.

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Amir not being able to have children, to him, what he gets for betraying his friend/ what he did in past.

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through the eyes of baba, hosseini depicts how it was to live as a refugee that lost everything he had and the difficulties of adjusting.

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At Baba's funeral people remembered him through the ways he showed loyalty to his people. His actions throughout his life showed his loyalty to not only his country but also to his conscience.

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Amir still feels guilty when Soraya discover she cannot have kids when he says, "Perhaps something, someone, somewhere, had decided to deny me fatherhood for the the things I had done. Maybe this was my punishment" (188).

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" Get up ! Hit me!... he did get up, but he just stood there" pg.93

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" Get up ! Hit me!... he did get up, but he just stood there" pg.93

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He wanted to feel relieve from his guilt by having " hurt" him, he wanted Hassan to fix this

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Immediately after running from Hassan getting raped, Amir continuously tries finding ways to escape the guilt and forgive himself for his actions. Amir wakes up in the middle of the night, while everyone is asleep, and says "'I watched Hassan get raped'" which shows one of Amir's ways of desperately trying to escape the guilt and atone for his action.

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on pg 28. amir doesnt really know what friendship, he treats him like a servant. always a mood shift in the memories of hassan and amir. conflict that always occurs.

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Amir wants to atone for something that was not his fault. (Mother's death) 

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Amir wants to atone for something that was not his fault. (Mother's death) 

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Truth - " " I watched Hassan get raped" I said to no one."  pg.86

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Truth - " " I watched Hassan get raped" I said to no one."  pg.86

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He wanted someone to know but not Baba becase he didn't want Baba to be disappointed

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he wanted to confess to someone about the things he saw. he felt that by doing that, it would release the way he felt about it, he wanted to talk about it with someone. (pg 86). false redemption led him to the need of actual redemption.

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in a way baba redeemed himself for always rejecting amir.  when page 79 when amir feels comfort in the hands of baba during his hugs

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Betrayel - " Maybe Hassan was the price I had to pay, the lamb I had to slay, to win Baba" pg.77

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Betrayel - " Maybe Hassan was the price I had to pay, the lamb I had to slay, to win Baba" pg.77

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Hassan getting raped is the price that had to be payed to get Baba to like him, he let his friend suffer in order to gain something he had wanted

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When Hassan is in trouble and about to be raped by Assef, Amir is finding reasons to avoid helping Hassan, which one of those reasons was because "[Hassan] was just a Hazara, wasn't he?"(77) which shows the classism between the treatment of Hazaras' compared to Pashtuns. Their pain is simply neglected.

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Amir knew that running away was wrong, yet he tried to create a reason to which he could convince himself is why he ran away from standing up for hassan. he wasn't actually afraid of getting hurt.

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Privilege - power & classism go hand in hand

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Privilege - power & classism go hand in hand

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Amir knows the truth about how his people are in the wrong, yet he doesn't make the choice to change his behavior or thoughts. He is still being rude to Hassan and take advantage of Hassan's kindness and loyalty.

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Amir begins to realize the truth between the two religions and the way his religion inflicted violence on the other, and the reality of the way he lives vs. Hassan/realizing his priviledge. This affects the way he sees Hassan and how he treats him.

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Amir's internal battle with power causes disloyalty 

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Amir's internal battle with power causes disloyalty 

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Amir feels insulted by Hassan having any knowledge that Amir did not give him. Insecurity with this becomes clear through the quote , "what does he know that illiterate Hazara?" (34)

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Amir is understanding more about his societal roles.

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Amir is understanding more about his societal roles.

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Because Amir knows the truth about the Hazaras an Pashtuns, he should be more understanding and try and change his attitude, but he's not. On page 58 Amir seems to be realizing his privilege and the truth but it's not changing him.

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Royal blood is important to most people in this society, and can give power to people or hold people back. (15)

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Amir is trying to redeem himself from "killing" his mom

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Amir is trying to redeem himself from "killing" his mom

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Baba said that all sin is a form of stealing and because Amir "killed" his mom, he "stole" a wife from Baba and a mother from himself.

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Amir trying to be like his father, believing what he does

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Amir trying to be like his father, believing what he does

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"But never in one of his stories did Baba ever refer to Ali as his friend." (pg. 25) Maybe Amir feels the need to be more like his dad, having the same beliefs, to gain approval for "killing" his wife.

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Hassan is more like Baba, and Baba favors or praises him sometimes which is all Amir wants from his father. This gives insight to why Amir treats Hassan the way he does sometimes, and Amir's desire for approval or some kind of connection with father.

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Amir can read, Hassan can not because he doesn't have access to education (34) creating a power shift that lasts in the society if only one religion gets an education. The teachers also have the power in this situation (17) they teach what they want the students to hear, which is not the complete truth

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Amir is friends with Hassan yet never admits it out loud and when Assef was bullying Amir for hanging out with Hassan, Amir's thoughts tell us he doesn't want to be Hassan's friend in that moment.

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Religious conflict creates a power struggle

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Religious conflict creates a power struggle

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Societal conflict present of when to decide if friendship is justified or when to draw the line. Due to religious battle and  social classes. Evident when Baba says " I was a Sunni and he was a Shia and nothing is going to change" (25), When referring to Ali

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Assef picking on Amir for being friends with Hassan because he is Hazaran.

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Different religions create divides between characters

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Different religions create divides between characters

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We see this when Amir says how he doesn't see Hassan as a friend (25), and when they are both confronted by a bully (39)