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basically society decides what behaviors are acceptable . (certain behaviors are considered normal in some contexts and abnormal in others

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Abnormality as a deviation from social norms means that abnormality is defined in relation to society and this can vary from society to society.

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An abnormality is basically anything that deviates from social norms or behaviours that could be considered harmful to oneself or others.

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When abnormality is defined in relation to society, what is abnormal may not be in a different society & may become normal when a society changes. When society decides what behaviors are acceptable, this opens up the door to using abnormality for social control.

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Abnormality as a deviation from social norms has strengths such as  mental health is defined positively and balanced view of mental health but it also has limitations which are it's Impossible to meet all 6 criteria of good mental health and difficult to measure “efficient”, “realistic”, “accurate”

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A behaviour is considered abnormal if it is statistically unusual or rare. A strength to this is that it helps us quantify abnormalities, but its weakness is that statistical norms can change over time and who decides what numbers define abnormalities?

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If some sort of behaviour is rare or not common in a group its then looked at as something abnormal, because of how unusual it is it makes it easier to distinguish those who are considered by others to be abnormal

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Efficient self-perception
Realistic self-esteem
Voluntary control of behaviour
Accurate perception of the world
Positive relationships
Self-direction & productivity
Strengths:  Mental Health is defined positively & balanced view of mental health

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There are 6 characteristics for ideal mental health:

1. Efficient self-perception

2. Realistic self-esteem

3. Voluntary control of behavior

4. Accurate perception of the world

5. Positive relationships

6. Self-direction & productivity

Strengths:

1. mental health is defined positively

2. Balanced view of mental health

Limitations:
1. Impossible to meet all 6 criteria of good mental health
2. Difficult to measure “efficient”, “realistic”, “accurate”

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This model uses recognizable patterns of behaviour to essentially come up with a set of defining symptoms. A strength is that a diagnosis can be made regardless of views on mental health. But it's much harder to apply this model to mental health than physical health because one symptom may show for multiple disorders and it relies heavily on self-evaluation.

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Jahoda (1958)- 6 characteristics of mental health.

Efficient self-perception

Realistic self-esteem

Voluntary control of behavior

Accurate perception of the world

Positive relationships

Self-direction & productivity

Strengths- Mental health is defined positively. Balanced view of mental health.
Limitations- Impossible to meet all 6 criteria of good mental health. Difficult to measure “efficient”, “realistic”, “accurate”.

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Instead of trying to come up with a common definition that fits all types of mental disorders, this approach looks at each disorder separately; this models classifies abnormal behavior based on recognizable patterns of behavior. A strength to this model is that mental illnesses can be diagnosed regardless of one's views about its causes. A limitation is that this model is much harder to apply to mental illness than to physical disease, and since many symptoms are not observable, so we need to rely on self reports

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Jahoda (1958) - 6 characteristics of ideal mental health

1. Efficient self-perception

2. Realistic self-esteem

3. Voluntary control of behavior

4. Accurate perception of the world

5. Positive relationships

6. Self-direction & productivity

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This model classifies abnormal behavior based on recognizable patterns of behavior. The strengths of this model are mental illness can be diagnosed regardless of your views about its causes. A limitation: this model is much harder to apply to mental illness than to physical disease. Many symptoms are not observable so must rely on self-reports. One symptom may be for multiple disorders, so you must look at a pattern of symptoms

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they are similar in the fact that it's essentially someone else deciding what is abnormal.

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They're being compared to "normal" people and you are seen as "abnormal" when something differs from the "normal" person/behaviour. The difference is that the statistical model relies on statistics and abnormalities as defined by statistical norms, while social norms are more defined by society.

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When you deviate from social norm you are behaving unusually compared to a typical person. Similary, when you deviate from statistical normal, you are unusual compare to the average person. Both of these models compare people to the "average or typical" standard. The major difference is the social norm model is qualitative (subjective) where as the statistical norm is quantitative (numerical). {Mrs. Tran}

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When you deviate from social norm you are behaving unusually compared to a typical person. Similary, when you deviate from statistical normal, you are unusual compare to the average person. Both of these models compare people to the "average or typical" standard. The major difference is the social norm model is qualitative (subjective) where as the statistical norm is quantitative (numerical). {Mrs. Tran}

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Both models use symptom like criteria to define abnormality. The ideal health model focuses more on adaptive behaviors while the medical model focuses on maladaptive behaviors {Mrs. Tran}

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Both models use symptom like criteria to define abnormality. The ideal health model focuses more on adaptive behaviors while the medical model focuses on maladaptive behaviors {Mrs. Tran}

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for both of these models, it is difficult to measure different variables. For the medical model, it is hard to measure self reports, and for the mental model, it is difficult to quantify terms such as "accurate" and "efficient".

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abnormality as a deviation from social norms 

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abnormality as a deviation from social norms 

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* what's abnormal may not be in a different society

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Abnormal: a deviation from social norms1) Determined by society and can change with said society 2) Abnormality can be used to control social groups3) Some social behaviors can be harmful4) Behaviors can be considered normal or abnormal considering the individual

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Abnormal: a deviation from social norms1) Determined by society and can change with said society 2) Abnormality can be used to control social groups3) Some social behaviors can be harmful4) Behaviors can be considered normal or abnormal considering the individual

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A deviation from social norms.

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abnormality is described in relation to society. Strength in that we can decide what behaviors are acceptable based on society. Limitedinthat certain behaviors are considered normal in some context and abnormals in others- the line isn't clear. 

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abnormality is described in relation to society. Strength in that we can decide what behaviors are acceptable based on society. Limitedinthat certain behaviors are considered normal in some context and abnormals in others- the line isn't clear. 

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Abnormality is defined as the deviation from social norms. These social norms are determined by society who deem certain behaviors as acceptable. The limitation is that every culture varies and what may be deemed as acceptable can be unacceptable in other cultures/societies.

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abnormality is hard to define; but a way of classifying someone as abormal could be deviation from social norms. this is when someone is identified as abnormal in relation to society. however, what is abnormal in a society may not be abnormal in another, or may become normal in the future. in summary, this is a way of classifying abnormalilty that leaves room for lots of error.

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Abnormality: A deviation from social norms

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Abnormality: A deviation from social norms

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When defined in relation to society, what is abnormal may not be in a different society and may become normal when society changes. When society decides what behaviors are acceptable, it opens up the door to using abnormality for social control. There are socially acceptable behaviors that could be harmful. Certain behaviors are considered normal in some contexts and abnormal in others.
The strengths are mental health is defined positively and it has a balanced view of mental health. The limitations are that it is impossible to meet all 6 criteria of good mental health and difficult to measure efficient, realistic, and accurate.

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Abnormality: statistical infrequency

1) If statistically rare behavior is classified as abnormal.

The degree as to what percentage is required to be considered rare is debatable.

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abnormality, when talked about in the sense as a deviation from social norms, is what society deems as unacceptable behaviors. A limitation of this model is that there is no set measurable definition for what is and is not abnormal. 

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abnormality, when talked about in the sense as a deviation from social norms, is what society deems as unacceptable behaviors. A limitation of this model is that there is no set measurable definition for what is and is not abnormal. 

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abnormality is deviation from social norms. when abnormality is defined in relation to society, it differs in societies and may become different if the society changes. Some behaviors are considered normal in some contexts and abnormal in others.

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abnormality defined as a deviation from social norms means that it' s defined in relation to the society a person is in. this means that abnormality can be used for social control. a strength is that this definition is simple to define and see in a society, but limitations are that social norms differ in each society, so the definition of abnormality changes, and there are things that are harmful but not considered abnormal (i.e. skydiving) and some situations same behaviors are appropriate and inappropriate (i.e. making out w gf vs mom).

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Abnormality is a relations to society which may not be different to society and can become normal when society changes or adapt to it. How abnormality is seen is that society decides what behaviors are acceptable which will show that using abnormity can be social control despite some behaviors being acceptable whether they're harmful or not. Though there are certain behaviors considered normal in some contexts and abnormal in others.

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Abnormality is the idea of being different or displaying characteristics which are outside of social norms. The strengths of this model are: mental health is defined positively, and there are balanced view of mental health. The limitations of the model are: it is possible to meet all six criteria of good mental health and it is difficult to measure abnormality realistically, accurately, and efficiently

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There are strengths and limitations to abnormality as a deviation from social norms. Abnormality is defined as anything that deviates from what is consider a norm. A limitation to this is that this is highly subjective. Different societies have difference views on the what is considered a social norm. A strength of this idea of normality is that it provides a foundation of what abnormality can classify as.

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Behavior is considered abnormal if statistically unusual or rare. If the behavior is different from 95% of population. The disadvantage is that statistical norm change (average IQ increases 3 IQ points every 10 years, so a person with the same score 10 years ago. The advantage is that it is the only approach that quantifies abnormality.

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When abnormality is defined in relation to society, what is abnormal may not be in different society & may become normal when a society changes. When society decides what behaviors are acceptable, this opens up the door to using abnormality for social control. there  are socially acceptable behaviors that could be harmful(i.e. Skydiving, fraternity hazing). Certain behaviors are considered normal in some contexts and abnormal to others(i.e. French kiss your girlfriend vs your sister.

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Abnormality: Deviation from ideal mental health

Jahoda (1958) - 6 characteristics of ideal mental health

1) Efficient self-perception

2) Realistic self-esteem

3) Voluntary control of behavior

4) Accurate perception of the world

5) Positive relationships

6) Self-direction and productivity

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Looks for defining symptoms

Classifies abnormal behavior based on observed patterns.

Strength: Mental illness can always be diagnosed

Limitation: It is much harder to diagnose mental illness than physical disease.

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behavior can be classified as abnormal through its statistical rarity or unusualness. Therefore, a strength in using statistics is that abnormality is quantified. This is limited in the fact that statistical norms are constantly changing.

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behavior can be classified as abnormal through its statistical rarity or unusualness. Therefore, a strength in using statistics is that abnormality is quantified. This is limited in the fact that statistical norms are constantly changing.

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Statistical infrequency as abnormality: Behaviour that is classified as abnormal if it is statistically unusual or rare. But how rare is statistically rare? A disadvantage of this model is that statistical norms change over time, such as IQ. Also how can you measure it? However a strength of this model is that it is the only approach that actually quantifies abnormality. 

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Statistical infrequency as abnormality: Behaviour that is classified as abnormal if it is statistically unusual or rare. But how rare is statistically rare? A disadvantage of this model is that statistical norms change over time, such as IQ. Also how can you measure it? However a strength of this model is that it is the only approach that actually quantifies abnormality. 

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Similarities
- The statistical norm will be the largest part of the social group
- Those who are abnormal are statistically the minority
Differences
- There is more room for debate in regards to abnormality socially than there is statistically

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Jahoda believes there are 6 characteristics to ideal health: Efficiency, realistic self, Voluntary control of behavior, accurate perception of the world, Positive relationships, self-direction and productive. The ideal mental health defines health in a balanced view that is seen as positive. However, all 6 criterion is hard to achieve at the same time because they are subjective.

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Jahoda believes there are 6 characteristics to ideal health: Efficiency, realistic self, Voluntary control of behavior, accurate perception of the world, Positive relationships, self-direction and productive. The ideal mental health defines health in a balanced view that is seen as positive. However, all 6 criterion is hard to achieve at the same time because they are subjective.

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when a trait is classified as abnormal due to statistical infrequency, the main issue is that it cannot be also linked to disfunctional. traits that are rare can be positive and possibly improve functioning. also, it is difficult to determine just how statistically infrequent something has to be to be abnormal. a strength of this method though is that it quantifies abnormality.

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abnormality defined as a statistical deviation means one is abnormal if they're statistically different from the majority (unusual/rare). advantages of this model is that it's the only one that actual quantifies abnormality. disadvantages are that statistical norms change (i.e. 100 IQ points back then is "less" IQ points that 100 now because humans are biologically getting smarter). another limit is that statistically infrequent behavior can be desirable (i.e. high IQ), and therefore not necessarily abnormal.

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6 characteristics of ideal mental health-

i. efficient self perception
ii. realistic self-esteem
iii. voluntary control of behaviour
iv. accurate perception of world
v. positive relationships
vi. self-direction and productivity

strengths of this model: balanced view of mental health

Limitations: It is impossible to always meet all 6 criterion and it is difficult to measure the words phrased such as "realistic", "efficient", "accurate"

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Behavior is deemed abnormal if classified as statistically rare or unusual. A disadvantage of this is statistical norms change (IQ Increases every 3 years). Advantage is this is the only approach that quantifies abnormality

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The strengths of the model is doctors are  unable to diagnose patients with mental illnesses regardless of their views. The limitations is the model is much more difficult to apply to mental illnesses than it is for physical diseases. As many of the symptoms are not observable and are hard to identify.

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A person would be considered abnormal if they are in suffering, have unconventional behavior, are unpredictable, are irrational, violate moral standards, cause observer discomfort, and have a sense of maladaptiveness. Some limitations of this model are that some behaviors that can be considered normal are also harmful (ex: depression) and that some behaviors that can cause observer discomfort do not bring any suffering (ex: cracking your fingers in public)

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A person would be considered abnormal if they are in suffering, have unconventional behavior, are unpredictable, are irrational, violate moral standards, cause observer discomfort, and have a sense of maladaptiveness. Some limitations of this model are that some behaviors that can be considered normal are also harmful (ex: depression) and that some behaviors that can cause observer discomfort do not bring any suffering (ex: cracking your fingers in public)

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a deviation from social norms
limitation tho this is that there are differences in what is considered normal in some cultures but not in other which leaves possibilities of error and all

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When behavior is deemed abnormal this is because it is statistically unusual/rare. The strengths of this approach is having the ability to quantify abnormality. However a limitation is that at times the statistic may not be true due to how fast norms change.

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a behavior is classified as abnormal if it is statistically unusual or rare
Strength:  the only approach that actually quantifies abnormality
Disadvantage: statistical norms change

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Strength:
mental illness can be diagnosed regardless of views about causes.
Limitation:
-harder to aply to mental illness than physical disease
-many symptoms are observable therefore must rely on self reports
-1 symptom could be for multiple disorders so must look at patterns for symptoms.

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Abnormality can be defined using statistics in which if a behavior is statistically rare or unusual it would be classified as abnormal. A strength of this model is that it provides a quantification of abnormality. However, a limitation is that statistical norms can change throughout time and some statistically abnormal features may be desirable.

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efficient self-perception

realistic self esteem

voluntary control of behavior

accurate perception of the world

positive relationships

self-direction and productivity

Strength: mental health is defined

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This model classifies abnormalities in behavior by observing recognizable patterns of behavior. A strength in this model is that it can diagnose abnormalities regardless of personal views/biases on its causes. A limitation in this model is that it is hard to apply mental illnesses rather than physical diseases because symptoms are not clear cut.

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This model classifies abnormalities in behavior by observing recognizable patterns of behavior. A strength in this model is that it can diagnose abnormalities regardless of personal views/biases on its causes. A limitation in this model is that it is hard to apply mental illnesses rather than physical diseases because symptoms are not clear cut.

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jahoda defines ideal mental health as efficient self-perception, realistic self-esteem, voluntary control of behavior, accurate perception of the world, positive relationships, and self-direction & productivity. a strength of this method is that mental health is reviewed positively and in a balanced way. however, all the criteria for ideal mental health is very hard to meet for most people, and the adjectives used in each definition are very subjective and vague.

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made by jahoda, the 6 characteristics of ideal mental health:
1. efficient self-perception
2. realistic self-esteem
3. voluntary control of behavior
4. accurate world perception
5. (+) relationships
6. self-direction & productivity

strengths are that mental health is defined positively and there's a balanced view of mental health

limits are that it's impossible to meet all 6 criteria at once, and the language is subjective.

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Ideal Mental Health (Rosenhan and Seligman 1989)

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Ideal Mental Health (Rosenhan and Seligman 1989)

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1) Efficient self-perception
2 )Realistic self esteem
3) Voluntary control of behavior
4)Accurate perception of the world
5) Positive relationships
6) Self-direction ad productivity.
Strengths of this model is it's balanced and defined positively. Limitations is it's impossible to meet all 6 criteria of mental health and its difficult to measure "realistic"

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behavior is classified as abnormal if it is statistically rare or unsual.

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Jahoda in 1958 outlined six characteristics of ideal mental health that allows people to measure the extent to which an individual is abnormal or normal. A strength to this model is that it defines mental health positively and provides a balanced view of mental health. However, limitations include the fact that it is impossible to meet all six criteria of good mental health. In addition, some of the characteristics are subjective in that it is difficult to measure efficiency and accuracy.

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There are two ways abnormality can be seen as a statistic; its either seen as a frequency or an infrequency. A statistical frequency is a behavior classed statistic wheres its classed as unusual or rare. The classes can be differed by being 95% to 99% or 99.9%.

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Jahoda (1958) - 6 characteristics of ideal mental health

1. Efficient self-perception

2. Realistic self-esteem

3. Voluntary control of behavior

4. Accurate perception of the world

5. Positive relationships

6. Self-direction & productivity
The limitations to this model is that

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Abnormality is something that deviates from any social norms. This can lead to harm to others or oneself. Limitation is figuring out what is considered normal in different cultures. Social norms apply to different groups. Not the individuals.

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6 characteristics of ideal mental health 

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6 characteristics of ideal mental health 

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Strengths: balanced view of mental health
Limitations: subjective and not always possible to meet all 6 criteria

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Disadvantage , statistical norms change, statistically infrequent behavior can sometimes be desirable, advantage is the only approach thta actually quantifies as abnormality

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1. Efficient self-perception

2. Realistic self-esteem

3. Voluntary control of behavior

4. Accurate perception of the world

5. Positive relationships

6. Self-direction & productivity

Strengths
-Mental health define positively
-Balanced view of mental health
Limitations
-Impossible to meet all 6 criteria of good mental health
-Difficult to measure “efficient”, “realistic” “accurate”

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using the medical model to indicate abnormality is positive because of it's ability to diagnose regardless of the individual's view about its causes. however, this model has weaknesses, which have to do with the difficulty of applying the medical model to mental health. for example, many symptoms of mental ilness are not observable so self-reports are relied on. also, one symptom may appear in several disorders, so a pattern of symptoms must be searched for.

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Abnormality in the mental health model can be described as a person with poor self perception,  low self esteem, no control over one's own behavior, inaccurate perception of the world, negative relationships, and no self direction or productivity. 

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Abnormality in the mental health model can be described as a person with poor self perception,  low self esteem, no control over one's own behavior, inaccurate perception of the world, negative relationships, and no self direction or productivity. 

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Rather than trying to come up with a common definition that fits all types of mental disorders, this approach looks at each disorder separetely with its own set of defining symptoms. This model classifies abnormal behavior based on recognizable patterns of behavior. Strength is mental illness can be diagnosed regardless of your views about its causes. Limitation is this model is much harder to apply to mental illness than to physical disease. Many symptoms are not observable so must rely on self-reports. One symptom may be for multiple disorders, so you look at one pattern of symptoms

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The medical model of abnormality defines different mental disorders based on defining symptoms. It classifies abnormal behavior based on recognizable patterns of behavior. A strength of this model is that mental illness can be diagnosed regardless of one's views about it's causes. A limitation is that this model is harder to apply to mental illness than to physical illness. Furthermore, many symptoms are not observable.

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Rather than coming up with definitions to fit all mental disorder types, this approach looks at each disorderindividually

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some strengths of this model are that there is a balanced and positive outlook on individual's mental health.

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some strengths of this model are that there is a balanced and positive outlook on individual's mental health.