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Abacus are beads on rods to count and calculate.

30000 BC

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It is based on Napier's rules for logarithms.

1620 AD

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The first stored program~ metal card.

1801

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‣ Difference Engine
◦ Analytical Engine~ Stored numbers on metal punch cards, accurate to 6 decimal places, powered by steam.

1822~1833

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1st generation computers used vacuum Tubes with no air inside to protect circuitry.

1941

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Moth stuck in relay switch. Grace Hopper called it debugging in a computer.

1945

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Used silicon, won Nobel prize, on-off switch.

1948

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First fully electronic digital computer built in the U.S., Created at the University of Pennsylvania, weighed 30 tons, contained 18,000 vacuum tubes, Cost $487,000.

1951

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‣ Programmed UNIVAC
◦ Recipient of Computer Science's first "Man of the Year Award

1952

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Grace Hopper, Computer Scientist and Military Leader | Biography

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2nd Generation computers

replaced vacuum tubes with transistors.

1956~1963

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Instructions for a

computer that are loaded each time the computer is turned on.

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3rd Generation computers used  Integrated Circuits that were made of transistors, resistors

and capacitators integrated into one chip.

1964~1971

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4th Generation computers had microchips. Intel 4004 Microchip had 2,250  transistors.

1971

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‣ 256 bytes of memory
◦ 2 MHz Intel 8080 chip
‣ cost $395—$495

1975

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released Apple II

computer that was used in most schools. First commercial computer with Graphic User Interface GUI and Mouse.

1977

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‣ First wide selling personal computer
◦ 8088 Microchip 29,000 transistors
‣ 256 K RAM
◦ 1 or 2 floppy disk drives

1981

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‣ Computers in most homes
◦ Faster and less expensive
‣ Windows 95 was 1st decent GUI

1990

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‣ Great Increase in speed, storage and memory

◦ Networking and Internet Capabilities

‣ CD Drives
◦ Cell Phones & Wireless Technology