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Christopher Columbus Arrives

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An estimated 12 million African slaves were forcibly abducted or sold as slaves and taken to the Americas. Afro-descendent & African American enslaved trafficking

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Trail Of Tears: Indigenous People were forcefully displaced by the United States government

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Industrial Revolution: a period of emerging capitalism, invention, and accelerated factory mass production of goods

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Argentina: After it's independence from Spain, 7 million individuals immigrated

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The Great Migration: African Americans fled segregation and exploitation in the Southern States for better wages and rights in the North East, Mid West, and Western states. Roughly 6 million African American emigrants participated

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Bracero Program: "mobilized 4.5 million young men to work as temporary migrants in US agriculture and railway track maintenance"

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Brazil: wave of Japanese immigration between WWI and WWII

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Internment Camps & Forced Migration of Japanese Americans: 120,000 people of Japanese descent were forced to migrate after the bombing of Pearl Harbor

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Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil, & Venezuela experienced a large European immigration

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Perez Jimenez: Established an 'Open Door' policy which successfully attracted a large influx of European immigrants

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Intercontinental Immigration in Paraguay and Chile. Labor immigrants began to find job in Patagonia, Argentina. Outflow of Argentinian natives to the United States and Mexico

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Immigration and Nationality Act Amendments: US government allowed 20,000 by country to contain but faced a spiral

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Debt Crisis of 1982: GPD declined in Latin American, influencing an increase in immigration to the United States, (Decade Lost to Debt)

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Immigration Reform and Control Act: Altered US immigration laws by making it illegal to hire illegal immigrants knowingly by establishing financial and other penalties onto companies that employed illegal immigrants. This act legalized most undocumented immigrants who had arrived in the country prior to January 1, 1982

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Free Trade Agreement: accelerated the economic integration and labor migration of Maquiladoras

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Cuban Refugee "Wet Feet Dry Feet" policy under the Clinton administration that allowed anyone who emigrated from Cuba to the US would be allowed to pursue residency a year later; granting automatic asylum. This was ended by the Obama administration in 2017

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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Immense Anti-Immigration after the 9/11 fall of the World Trade Towers

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"Enchilada Completa" did not occur as the US plan of invading the Middle East was not finalized in agreement between Mexico and the US

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18,000 employees were ejected by Dictator Chavez which then started further immigration

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Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA): US immigration policy that allows some individuals with 'unlawful presence' into the US after being brought to the country as children. They were eligible to receive a renewable 2-year period of deferred action from deportation and a work permit in the US.

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65,000 irregular migrants were deported by Mexican Authorities, most of whom where from Central America ((Instituto Nacional de Migración, 2010). The risks to migrants trying to reach the USA via Southern neighbors were extreme: kidnapping, extortion, and murder happened frequently (Comisión Nacional de los Derechos Humanos, 2011).

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Muslim Ban: Executive Order that banned foreign national s from seven predominantly Muslim countries from visiting the country for 90 days, suspended entry to the country for all Syrian refugees indefinitely, and prohibited any other refugees from coming into the country for 120 days

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The Migrant Protection Protocols (MPP) was a US government action where certain foreign individuals entering or seeking admission to the US from Mexico- illegally or without official documentation- faced return to Mexico outside of the US during their immigration proceedings. Mexico would provide them will all appropriate humanitarian protections for the duration of their stay

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Asia-Pacific 1 mentioned as well the effects of the US's xenophobia towards Japanese/Japanese Americans after the Bombing of Pearl Harbor where individuals of Japanese descent/origin faced deportation or internment

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To what extent do im/migration political policies & social doctrines contribute to racism and prejudice towards groups of people in different regions of the world?
For example: manifest destiny as a wrongful justification to displace Indigenous Americans