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A sentence is a group of words that express a complete thought or idea.

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1. A simple sentence is an independent clause with complete meaning. An example, My mom is working right now.

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Subject, verb, complement

An example: I love my brother.
s    v         c

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2. A Compound sentence is the union of two independent sentences by a coordinating conjunction. Examples of conjunctions are: and, yet, so, but. An example I am a good student, but I am a little lazy.

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http://esl.fis.edu/grammar/multi/satzType.htm

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A complex sentence contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.

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A compound-complex sentence contains multiple independent clauses and at least one dependent clause. These sentences will contain both conjunctions and subordinators.

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Compound-complex sentences | Syntax | Khan Academy

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A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a verb. Although a clause can sometimes act as a sentence since it contains both a subject and a verb, it is not necessarily a complete sentence.

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Use present participle clauses to replace active verb phrases and the subject

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Use present participle clauses to replace active verb phrases and the subject

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They had opened the restaurant out into the garden and they had created a very relaxed atmosphere

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To link clauses in a multi-clause sentence:

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To link clauses in a multi-clause sentence:

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1.Use linkers such as however, because, although, while, etc.

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Example: The restaurant sells burgers that are big and juicy.
In multi-clause sentences, the main clause (or clauses)

conveys the key information:

The restaurant sells burgers.

Subsidiary clauses provide additional information that relates to the main clause:

That are big and juicy.

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Omit subject pronouns and the verb to be

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Omit subject pronouns and the verb to be

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Examples:

-The big mac is a big hit in most countries, and it is bigger

than almost anything else

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Use past participle clauses to replace passive verb forms

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Use past participle clauses to replace passive verb forms

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A participle clause is a dependent clause which uses a participle form of a verb.

These clauses are used to avoid making sentences overly complicated.

They are used mainly in written English and they allow us to convey a great deal of information in a shorter form.

Examples:

-The food (which was) prepared with loving care, was truly delicious.

-

-Shocked by the explosion, the people ran for shelter.

(The people were shocked by the explosion and ran for shelter)

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Relatives clauses are those that exercise the function of subordinate with respect to a main sentence, adding more information about a thing or a person that had already been mentioned before.

Examples:

-They sell burgers. The burgers are freshly made on the premises.

- They sell burgers that are freshly made on the premises.