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Salutary Neglect (1607-1763) (Alexa Kafka)

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Salutary Neglect (1607-1763) (Alexa Kafka)

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Salutary neglect was a policy implemented by the British government regarding under which trade regulations for the colonies were lastly enforced and imperial supervision of internal colonial affairs was loose, as long as the colonies remained loyal to the British government and contributed to Britains economic profitability. This event was extremely important to the development of the North American Colonies because it contributed involuntarily to increasing autonomy of both colonial and legislative institutions. Plus, it helped colonies develop unique American attributes, which later led to a difference in values and customs between the colonies and the British. This later led to American independence, which is why Salutary neglect ended up being really important.

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French and Indian War (1754-1763) (Alexa Kafka)

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French and Indian War (1754-1763) (Alexa Kafka)

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The French and Indian War was a conflict fought between Great Britain, and France. It began over the specific issue of whether the upper Ohio River valley was part of the British Empire, however, behind that issue was a much larger one, which was: which culture could dominate North America. At the end, the French surrender, and the Treaty of Paris is signed in 1763. The treaty redrew American land divisions. This war was extremely important in respect to the American Independence. Before the war, the value of the colonies connection with Great Britain was obvious, during the end of the war, however, the colonies started thinking that depending on the mother country didn’t bring much benefits, but actually bring lots of onerous obligations. This feeling of dependence is one of the main causes the colonies decide to rebel against the mother country.

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As the colonists planned to move further West after the French and Indian War, British authorities were determined to manage intercolonial rivalries, especially by dealing with Native American problems as a whole. To that end, the Proclamation of 1763 organized new British territories in America, and a vast British-administered Indian reservation west. The Proclamation forbade settlement on Indian territory, and ordered those settlers already there to withdraw. This was the first time a proclamation formalized the concept of Native American land titles. This proclamation had a huge impact on the ideas of independence the colonies had started to throw around. Treaties following Pontiac’s Rebellion drew a line of settlement to colonial settlers, which made them feel inferior and less independent, which was one of the main causes of the American Independence.

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Also called the Revenue or Plantation act, it was an act that aimed to place tariffs, or taxes, on all imported goods from England/Britain to the colonies in the Americas. It drastically increased the prices of British exports, and the people of the colonies became outraged at the taxes being placed on things like military equipment. This event/act was an incredibly important event when thinking about the factors of the revolutionary war, since it was one of the first acts that was opposed by the colonists. The idea of increased taxes on exports and imports made the colonists angry, to think that the king of Britain could tell his people what to do from a far distance. This was one of the events that showed the colonists that they could revolt and talk back to the government, which would eventually lead to the overthrow and separation of the colonies from Britain.

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Stamp Act and the Stamp Act Congress (1765) (Cobias)

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Stamp Act and the Stamp Act Congress (1765) (Cobias)

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The stamp act was an act that was put in place in order to pay for the damage costs of the Seven Years' War. It was made so that many important prints wouldn't be able to be written officially without a stamp/seal similar to the ones in the picture above. It basically required the colonists to pay a tax whenever they wished to receive documents, paper, and even things like playing cards. Similar to the sugar Act, the colonists hated this act due to lack of British representation in the colonies, and the they felt that if the king wasn't there to govern them personally, they didn't have to listen to his commands. It's another important event because it shows that the colonists are becoming more independent, being able to speak out against what they feel is wrong. And so, in response to the stamp act, the stamp Congress was assembled. The stamp Congress was an organized group of colonial merchants who all opposed the stamp act, and they were willing to begin protests against the stamp act. This was another extremely important event/Congress because it was the first unified meeting of the American colonies in response to unfair British policies, which would eventually lead to the unified act against the British in the revolutionary war.

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Also known as the American Colonies Act, the declaratory act was an act that took effect the same day that the stamp act was repealed. The declaratory act stated that the British -alimentary had the authority to bind American colonists to certain policies, or to force them to comply with certain agreements. This made it clear to the colonists that Britain was trying to take back full control over the colonists, this time by force through the ability to create policies that didn't have to abide by the usual laws of taxation. This act was a very important act when considering the factors of the revolutionary war because it helped to drive an even deeper wedge between the British parliament, and the American colonists. The various acts of taxation were all created in order to help the British pay off debts created from the seven years war, but this still enraged the American colonists, saying that it was a crime.

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The Boston Massacre was a street fight turned riot when an unruly group of American colonists protesting against taxation were fired upon by British troops. These American Patriots were upset with the British Parliament for sending British troops down to Boston to enforce this unpopular taxation that America had no say in. This event was significant towards the eventual start of the American Revolution because it was the turning point that sparked the colonists’ desire for American independence. The British were trying to control the colonies and this Massacre proved that the British would instantly resort to violence in order to restore power over the colonies. This was another motive for the colonists’ to become independent and rebel against Parliament rules over colonial independence and the taxation laws that followed.

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The Committees of Correspondence was a group of American Patriots from across the colonies who organized this committee to increase the communication between them and other colonies, mainly through written letters. They also strived to share new ideas about government and law, how to deal with threats to American liberty, and rally support in favor of American independence but against British imports and rule. This committee played a huge role in uniting the colonies together, but especially against Britain. It didn’t so much cause the American Revolution but instead prepared the Americans for the Revolution against British policies. Communication became important during the American Revolution and with this already well structured committee, the colonies were able to efficiently tell one another of news/actions taken by Parliament against them.

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Tea Act and the Boston Tea Party (1773) (Mehana)

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Tea Act and the Boston Tea Party (1773) (Mehana)

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The Tea Act was a law passed by the British Parliament that granted the British company the right to ship its tea directly to the colonies without it having to be taken first to the mother country, England. This allowed the American colonists’ to only order and trade with the British company and already these colonists’ were being taxed for British tea. This event was a significant cause towards the American Revolution because it was yet another American right stripped by the British Parliament. Americans were being taxed on British imported items and wanted this to stop, which led to their desire to rebel.
The Boston Tea Party was an event in which ships carrying British tea arrived in Boston harbors and disguised Americans then dumped the expensive cargo into the harbors. They did this because they were mad about being taxed for their tea (no taxation without representation). This rebellion by the Americans was the first significant act of resistance against British policy and when British policy stripped more and more of American independence, they were over it. The Boston Tea Party fueled the tension between British and American forces that ultimately led to the American Revolution in which the colonies fought for their independence from British rule.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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The Intolerable Acts were laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 after the Boston Tea Party. These laws were meant to punish the Massachusetts colonists due to their hand in the Tea Party protest. The acts took away self-governance and rights that Massachusetts had enjoyed since its founding, triggering outrage and indignation in the Thirteen Colonies. They were key developments in the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War in April 1775. Many colonists saw the Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts) as a violation of their constitutional rights, their natural rights, and their colonial charters. They, therefore, viewed the acts as a threat to the liberties of all of British America, not just Massachusetts. Richard Henry Lee of Virginia described the acts as "a most wicked System for destroying the liberty of America". The citizens of Boston not only viewed this as an act of unnecessary and cruel punishment, but the Intolerable Acts only caused more people to hate Britain. As a result of the Intolerable Acts, even more colonists turned against British rule.

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First Continental Congress (1774) (Alexa Kafka)

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First Continental Congress (1774) (Alexa Kafka)

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The First Continental Congress was comprised of delegates from each of the colonies. They met in 1774 in reaction to the Intolerable Acts, a series of measures imposed by the British government on the colonies in response to their resistance to new taxes. The Congress was structured with emphasis on the equality of participants, and to promote free debate. After much discussion, the Congress issued a Declaration of Rights, affirming its loyalty to the British Crown but disputing the British Parliament’s right to tax it. This is event was remarkably important in terms of its effects on the Revolution. It was one of the first events that effectively promoted unity between the colonies, and brought them together.

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The Battles of Lexington and Concord were the first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War between the British and American colonists. Britain’s intention was to march into Lexington and Concord and suppress the possibility of rebellion by seizing weapons from the colonists. Instead, their actions sparked the first battle of the Revolutionary War and the war did not end in their favor because there were more British casualties. This battle was extremely significant because it was the very first event in the American Revolution and it marked the start of America fighting for their independence against British policies. These battles were a turning point that completely established where the British stood and the Americans, and from that point on it was made clear that a war was to begin in a fight for independence and colonial power.

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Thomas Paine's Common Sense and the Declaration of Independence (1776) (Alexa Kafka)

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Thomas Paine's Common Sense and the Declaration of Independence (1776) (Alexa Kafka)

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One of the best-known expressions of republican ideas in revolutionary America was Thomas Paine’s political pamphlet Common Sense. Its simple wording of republican ideals nudged the colonists further toward independence. One of the things Paine asserted was that the King never had the welfare of his subjects in mind and that he was entirely concerned with his own exercise of power. Along with Paine’s political pamphlet and an increase in local conflicts, the spread of republican ideals, and Britain’s inflexibility, made a break with Britain inevitable. The Declaration of Independence consisted of two parts: 1) a preamble justifying the revolution based on natural rights, and 2) a list of grievances accusing George III of tyranny. The Declaration, combined with Paine’s Common Sense signified a tremendous, and treasonable, break.