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CIVIC EDUCATION THROUGH DEBATE AND CLIL: BUILDING BRIDGES WITH (AND FOR) ACTIVE CITIZENS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

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1st STEP (Know/See) WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT THE EU?

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1st STEP (Know/See) WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT THE EU?

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Europe: From WWII To Today's European Union

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2nd STEP - Discovering the EU's Goals in detail

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2nd STEP - Discovering the EU's Goals in detail

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Goals

The goals of the European Union are:
- promote peace, its values and the well-being of its citizens
- offer freedom, security and justice without internal borders
- sustainable development based on balanced economic growth and price stability, a highly competitive market economy with full employment and social progress, and environmental protection
- combat social exclusion and discrimination
- promote scientific and technological progress
- enhance economic, social and territorial cohesion and solidarity among EU countries
- respect its rich cultural and linguistic diversity
- establish an economic and monetary union whose currency is the euro.

These goals and values form the basis of the EU and are laid out in the Lisbon Treaty and the EU Charter of fundamental rights.

In 2012, the EU was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for advancing the causes of peace, reconciliation, democracy and human rights in Europe.

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3rd STEP - Discovering the EU's Values in detail

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3rd STEP - Discovering the EU's Values in detail

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Values

The EU values are common to the EU countries in a society in which inclusion, tolerance, justice, solidarity and non-discrimination prevail. These values are an integral part of our European way of life:

Human dignity
Human dignity is inviolable. It must be respected, protected and constitutes the real basis of fundamental rights.

Freedom
Freedom of movement gives citizens the right to move and reside freely within the Union. Individual freedoms such as respect for private life, freedom of thought, religion, assembly, expression and information are protected by the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights.

Democracy
The functioning of the EU is founded on representative democracy. Being a European citizen also means enjoying political rights. Every adult EU citizen has the right to stand as a candidate and to vote in elections to the European Parliament. EU citizens have the right to stand as candidate and to vote in their country of residence, or in their country of origin.

Equality
Equality is about equal rights for all citizens before the law. The principle of equality between women and men underpins all European policies and is the basis for European integration. It applies in all areas. The principle of equal pay for equal work became part of the Treaty of Rome in 1957. Although inequalities still exist, the EU has made significant progress.

Rule of law
The EU is based on the rule of law. Everything the EU does is founded on treaties, voluntarily and democratically agreed by its EU countries. Law and justice are upheld by an independent judiciary. The EU countries gave final jurisdiction to the European Court of Justice which judgements have to be respected by all.

Human rights
Human rights are protected by the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. These cover the right to be free from discrimination on the basis of sex, racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation, the right to the protection of your personal data, and the right to get access to justice.

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4th STEP (Think) FROM OUR PERSONAL PERSPECTIVE, IS THE EU IMPORTANT? 

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4th STEP (Think) FROM OUR PERSONAL PERSPECTIVE, IS THE EU IMPORTANT? 

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5th STEP (Wonder) WHAT IS THE EU FOR US? OUR CLASS WEBSITE...  

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5th STEP (Wonder) WHAT IS THE EU FOR US? OUR CLASS WEBSITE...  

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Let's reflect and share ideas...

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PBL IN EFL@ESABAC LICEO''PERCOTO'' - UDINE - #EUROPE FOR US 3AL 20/21

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What do we know about the European Union? How can we become better European Citizens? These are the steps we are taking towards a new Awareness... Take a look at our resourceful repository of activities, videos and authentic material to learn more about the European Union: 3AL 20/21 Let's dig

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6th STEP (Wonder) WHAT ARE THE TOPICS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION?

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6th STEP (Wonder) WHAT ARE THE TOPICS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION?

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What questions come to our mind in relation to the EU and the main issues we are facing as a Union of diverse and multifarious countries and cultures? Let's dig deep into the EU topics, learn, present our research work and discuss...
https://it.padlet.com/patriziamalausa/fmouy20lzp3ps0g5

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European Commission - European Commission

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European Commission - Policies, information and services

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"According to Eurobarometer, over 40% of Italian citizens believe that our country does not benefit from belonging to the European Union"

"THBT the European Union is really more of a burden than a resource for Italy and Italian citizens"

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7th STEP (know in detail) DISCOVER THE EUROPEAN UNION...

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7th STEP (know in detail) DISCOVER THE EUROPEAN UNION...

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7th STEP (know in detail)  DISCOVER THE EUROPEAN UNION: 'UNITED IN DIVERSITY'

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7th STEP (know in detail)  DISCOVER THE EUROPEAN UNION: 'UNITED IN DIVERSITY'

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Discovering and understanding the EU with the University of Udine (Dipartimento di Scienze Giuridiche)

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Dipartimento di Scienze Giuridiche UNIUD

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Uniti nella Diversità. Discovering and understanding the European Union - prof. Francesco Deana

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Peter Mandelson: What caused the rise of Euroscepticism?

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What is Brexit?... Brexit explained to a child...

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What is Brexit?... Brexit explained to a child...

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Alessandro, Giulia Chiara and Alice.
We found this article extremely interesting, easy and meaningful.
The heading is impactful and captivating.

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I edit a children's newspaper, First News, and one of the biggest challenges I have had to face is explaining what Brexit is to our readers. While adults will be familiar with rhetoric in the mainstream media and beyond, many children were left wondering what was going on - and it was down to our publication to explain it to them in as simple a way as possible.

So, here's how we have managed to explain such a complex event to the younger generations - so they're as informed of the facts as possible.

On 23 June 2016 a referendum was held to decide whether the UK should remain in the European Union or leave it. More than 30 million people voted and Leave won by 51.9 per cent to 48.1 per cent.

A new word was created - Brexit - which is a short way of saying "the UK leaving the EU" by mixing the words Britain and Exit. But what does Brexit actually mean and how will it affect us all?

The European Union is a club of 28 European Countries. Each of these countries pays to be a member and in return, they get access to special ways of working together. This includes being part of a "single market", which means that countries can trade with one another and people can move around freely - as if we were all living together in one big country.

The EU has its own parliament, laws and currency (the euro - although the UK doesn't use this as we stuck to our own pounds and pence). The EU was set up after World War 2 with the idea that if countries work together, they are unlikely to go to war again.

The 48 per cent who voted to remain in the EU, including former Prime Minister David Cameron, felt that being a member of a 28-nation club is better than going it alone. They felt it was easier for us to sell things to other EU countries, meaning it was good for businesses and trade.

So why did over half of voters (51.9 per cent) in the UK want to leave this special club?

The idea of the single market was to increase trade between countries, creating jobs and lowering prices. However, the European Parliament decides on many rules and standards that EU countries have to follow and critics felt that we were losing control of our own affairs and laws.

The UK pays billions of pounds in membership fees to the EU every year and some people felt that we weren't getting much back in return for this.

Also, many people are moving from poorer countries to richer countries around the world. This has made some people in the UK worry about the free movement rule, which allows people in the EU to move to any other EU country without needing special permission (a visa). This was a key issue for many voters and the Leave campaign won by just 4 per cent.

Once the referendum had taken place, new Prime Minister Theresa May had to trigger a special plan called Article 50, which she did on 29 March 2017. This is a formal way of telling the European Council about the UK's plans to leave the EU.

Once Article 50 was triggered, Theresa May had to get agreement from the UK Parliament - the House of Commons and the House of Lords - on her proposed Brexit deal. This has happened and the UK Government is now in talks with the EU to decide exactly how the split should happen. This is a complicated process as all the remaining 27 countries' parliaments have to agree with the deal.

The UK and the EU have two years to agree how they will split from each other, which means that we should leave the EU no later than April 2019.

While these talks are going on, the UK will stick with the EU laws until we are officially not a member any more. It is too early to know what will be agreed but Brexit is definitely happening and we are all hoping that the best possible deal is agreed.
Nicky Cox is the editor of First News

This is how to explain Brexit to your children

If you're having trouble explaining the UK leaving the European Union to your children, here's how I've explained Brexit to over two million children

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This is how to explain Brexit to your children

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If you're having trouble explaining the UK leaving the European Union to your children, here's how I've explained Brexit to over two million children

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The European Single Market | European Parliament Multimedia Centre

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Nigel Farage's dramatic final speech at the European Parliament ahead of the Brexit vote | LBC

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I found the article captivating and engaging. The title is very impactful and I chose it also because there were several questions about Brexit that I couldn’t answer before reading the article

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Reality Check correspondent, BBC News

The Conservative slogan "Get Brexit done" suggests a quick and easy path to leaving the European Union (EU), allowing the UK to focus on other things apart from Brexit. But it's not that simple.

We know the Brexit deadline has been delayed again - this time until 31 January 2020.

If the Conservatives win a clear majority in this election, Brexit day could be earlier than that, otherwise it could be delayed again.

Either way, though, it won't be the end of the matter.

Boris Johnson wants it to happen as soon as possible.

"It is fair to say you're getting Brexit done because you are coming out of the EU and you're coming out of the legal order of the EU," the prime minister told the BBC.

"You are really taking back control of all the things - money, border, rules - you are doing all that."

But while the day of Brexit would certainly be a big symbolic moment (loved and hated in equal measure), it would also leave an enormous amount unresolved.

That's because Brexit is not really a single event - it's a complex process that will go on for years.

What would happen on Brexit day?

The UK would no longer be a member state of the European Union.

the financial settlement - or divorce bill - the UK has agreed to pay the EU to settle past debts and future commitments

many (but not all) aspects of citizens' rights - for EU citizens living in the UK and UK citizens living elsewhere in the EU

future arrangements for keeping the land border in Ireland (which would become the only land border between the UK and the EU) as open as it is now

Almost everything else would still be up for grabs. Brexit would not be done. The legally binding deal we're talking about at the moment covers only the divorce, not the future relationship.

That is dealt with in an accompanying political declaration, which is non-binding and sets only a direction of travel. A future government could still change course.

What about the transition?

Initially, the UK would enter a transition period during which it would continue to follow all EU rules and regulations and continue to pay the same amount of money into the EU budget.

The transition would be due to end in December 2020, but under the terms of the withdrawal agreement it could be extended by one or two years.

The government, though, has now said it will not ask for any extension.

The advantage of transition is it would be a soft landing. There would be no sudden changes to the way the economy works, which would give some certainty to businesses. And there would be time to start negotiating the shape of the future relationship between the UK and the EU.

But for as long as it lasts, the UK would have to follow all the rules policed by the European Commission, and the jurisdiction of the European Court of Justice, without having any say in making those rules.

What about the future?

There is a lot we need to talk about.

What kind of free-trade arrangements would be put in place? What kind of security and police cooperation would be negotiated with the EU? How would data be exchanged in the future?

It usually takes years to negotiate a free-trade deal but the UK and the EU would initially have a matter of months.

The withdrawal agreement says the two sides would have to decide by 1 July 2020 whether to extend the post-Brexit transition period. So if the UK was to leave on 31 January, at the end of the current extension, there would be exactly five months to negotiate a trade deal.

That's not enough, not even close.

It's true the two sides would start from the same place (with all the same rules and regulations). But it's also true this would be the first trade deal in history when two parties were trying to move further away from each other rather than closer together.

One other thing: as well as negotiating with the EU, the UK would also need to sign up to a series of trade agreements round the world to replace those it has as part of the EU.

All of that could take up most of the next decade. It won't be done when the UK leaves the EU - it will only just have begun.

What about no-deal?

The UK would certainly be free of EU rules and regulations straight away.

All those negotiations about the future would still have to take place but they would do so in a much less harmonious political atmosphere.

And if the government sticks with its pledge to rule out any extension to the transition period, its opponents fear a new kind of no-deal could happen at the end of next year - ending the transition without any free trade deal in place.

What about healing the divisions?

Talking of harmony, part of the government's "Get Brexit done," argument is it would help heal the divisions in society that have emerged since the Brexit referendum.

But many people are opposed to the government's proposed Brexit deal. Those who support remaining in the EU would continue to campaign for another referendum - a final say before Brexit happens. And if they were to fail, they could transform their campaign into a movement to try to rejoin.

On the other side of the argument, those who favour a clean break could continue to argue that the compromises the government has had to make to come to an agreement with the EU amount to a betrayal of their Brexit vision.

Leave and Remain has become a more important dividing line in many ways than UK party politics and it doesn't feel like that will suddenly come to an end.

Whatever happens in the next few months, the fallout from the Brexit referendum will remain with us for years to come.

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General Election 2019: What does 'Get Brexit done' mean?

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The government's slogan is "Get Brexit done." Will its deal do that?

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Viola
Brexit is the UK's decision to leave the EU. Back in the summer of 2016, 52% of the country decided they wanted to leave the block and untangle for decades of legal, economi and trading ties.

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Brexit Meaning and Impact: The Truth About the U.K. Leaving the EU

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Brexit refers to the U.K.'s withdrawal from the European Union after voting to do so in a June 2016 referendum.

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https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-32810887

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Latest Brexit news live | The Independent

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Latest updates after the UK leaves the European Union

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A portmanteau (/compound word) of the words “Britain” and “exit,” Brexit is shorthand for Britain’s split from the European Union.

Britain has been debating the pros and cons of membership in a European community of nations almost from the moment the idea was broached.
[…] Europe is Britain’s most important export market and its biggest source of foreign investment, and membership in the bloc has helped London cement its position as a global financial center.

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What Is Brexit? And What Happens Next? (Published 2021)

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The basics of Brexit, the troubled plan for Britain to quit the European Union.

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"Britain has been haggling (/negotiating) over the nation’s withdrawal from the European Union, the process known as "Brexit", since the referendum in 2016."
One day, going to Britain will be very difficult for everyone, and this makes me very sad, because I love Britain and I think I will return to visit it very soon....

But, what exactly is Brexit??
https://youtu.be/7eoDwvl0QGk
https://youtu.be/czWhVBmrNPQ

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Brexit explained: what happens when the UK leaves the EU?

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Ilaria
I chose this BBC radio article, because it explains Brexit in a simple way

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After months of negotiations, the UK and European Union finally agreed a deal that will define their future relationship, which comes into effect at 23.00GMT on 31 December.

It has. The UK voted to leave the EU in 2016 and officially left the trading bloc - its nearest and biggest trading partner - on 31 January 2020.

However, both sides agreed to keep many things the same until 31 December 2020, to allow enough time to agree to the terms of a new trade deal.

It was a complex, sometimes bitter negotiation, but they finally agreed a deal on 24 December.

The deal contains new rules for how the UK and EU will live, work and trade together.

While the UK was in the EU, companies could buy and sell goods across EU borders without paying taxes and there were no limits on the amount of things which could be traded.

Under the terms of the deal, that won't change on 1 January, but to be sure that neither side has an unfair advantage, both sides had to agree to some shared rules and standards on workers' rights, as well as many social and environmental regulations. You can read more detail on other aspects of the deal, including more on travel, fishing, and financial services, here.

Freedom to work and live between the UK and the EU also comes to an end, and in 2021, UK nationals will need a visa if they want to stay in the EU more than 90 days in a 180-day period.

Northern Ireland will continue to follow many of the EU's rules in order to avoid a hardening of its border with the Republic of Ireland. This will mean however that new checks will be introduced on goods entering Northern Ireland from the rest of the UK.

Now that it's no longer in the EU, the UK is free to set its own trade policy and can negotiate deals with other countries. Talks are being held with the US, Australia and New Zealand - countries that currently don't have free trade deals with the EU.

There may not be new taxes to pay at the border, but there will be new paperwork, and the potential for it to cause delays is a serious concern.

"This is the biggest imposition of red tape that businesses have had to deal with in 50 years," according to William Bain from the British Retail Consortium.

The UK says it will delay making most checks for six months, to allow people to get used to the new system, but the EU will be checking paperwork and carrying out checks from day one. So if businesses are not prepared, or do not fill in the new paperwork correctly, it could cause delays and backlogs at ports like Dover.

The government has known about this for years, and has made plans to divert trade to other ports around the country and has built lorry parks in Kent, to avoid gridlock on the roads.

It's difficult to predict what the scale of any disruption might be, but government minister Michael Gove has said that UK businesses should prepare for some "bumpy moments".

Sadly, no. Decisions are still to be made on data sharing and on financial services, and the agreement on fishing only lasts five years.

Also while the UK and EU have agreed to some identical rules now, they don't have to be identical in the future, and if one side takes exception to the changes, they can trigger a dispute, which could ultimately lead to tariffs (charges on imports) being imposed on some goods in the future.

Expect the threat of disputes to be a new constant in UK-EU relations.

What Brexit words mean

The last few years have seen many words and phrases enter our lives. We haven't used them here, but politicians do use them. Here's what some of them mean:

Transition period: The 11-month period following the UK's exit from the EU (finishing at the end of 2020), during which time the UK has followed EU rules, to allow leaders to make a deal.

Free trade: Trade between two countries, where neither side charges taxes or duties on goods crossing borders.

Level playing field: A set of rules to ensure that one country, or group of countries, doesn't have an unfair advantage over another. This can involve areas such as workers' rights and environmental standards. Free trade agreements like the Brexit deal often include level playing field measures.

Tariff: A tax or duty to be paid on goods crossing borders.

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Brexit: What you need to know about the UK leaving the EU

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The UK and EU begin a new relationship on 1 January 2021.

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Brexit: EU considers flexible three-month extension (Danna Echavarria) 

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Brexit: EU considers flexible three-month extension (Danna Echavarria) 

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The EU is due to meet on Monday to consider a Brexit extension until 31 January, with an option for the UK to leave earlier if a deal is ratified.

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Jasmine