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The Treaty of Paris, signed in Paris by representatives of King George III of Great Britain and representatives of the United States of America on September 3, 1783, ended the American Revolutionary War.

- Battle of Fallen Timbers - This land had been ceded to the United States in accordance with the Treaty of Paris (1783), but British army bases were maintained there to support their Native allies.

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Supported Natives in the Battle of Fallen Timbers against Americans on behalf of Britain for control of the Northeast Territory (Ohio River Valley, east of the Mississippi River, and southwest of the Great Lakes).

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Little Turtle helped to lead Native Americans against federal forces led by General Josiah Harmar in late 1790. In an effort to end the border war with native tribes in the area, the U.S. government sent an expedition of American troops under the command of General Harmar, but his forces lacked sufficient training and were poorly supplied.

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Led Americans to victory

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H - To understand the importance of the 1795 Treaty of Greenville, we have to look at a couple events that led to the treaty. As American settlers moved into the Northwest Territory (Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and some of Minnesota), they encountered Native American tribes. Ensuing conflicts between the settlers and the Native Americans came to be known as the Northwest Territory Indian War of the 1780s and '90s. The Americans thought it was their right to move into the Northwest Territory that they had won from the British after the Revolutionary War, while the Native Americans (backed by the British, who were still trying to disrupt American endeavors) resented the settlers moving into their hunting grounds.

I - Native American leaders and American settlers.

P - Native Americans and American settlers who participated in the Treaty.

P - The treaty established what became known as the Greenville Treaty Line delineated below. For several years it distinguished Native American territory from lands open to European-American settlers, although settlers continued to encroach. In exchange for goods to the value of $20,000 (such as blankets, utensils, and domestic animals), the Native American tribes ceded to the United States large parts of modern-day Ohio. The treaty also established the "annuity" system of payment in return for Native American cessions of land east of the treaty line: yearly grants of federal money and supplies of calico cloth to Native American tribes. This institutionalized continuing government influence in tribal affairs and gave outsiders considerable control over Native American life.

O - Followed the loss at the Battle of Timbers which was a part of the Northwest Indian war.

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The Land Ordinance of 1785 was adopted by the United States Congress of the Confederation on May 20, 1785. It set up a standardized system whereby settlers could purchase title to farmland in the undeveloped west. The 1785 ordinance laid the foundations of land policy until passage of the Homestead Act in 1862.

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The Northwest Ordinance, adopted July 13, 1787, by the Confederation Congress, chartered a government for the Northwest Territory, provided a method for admitting new states to the Union from the territory, and listed a bill of rights guaranteed in the territory.

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On November 19, 1794 representatives of the United States and Great Britain signed Jay's Treaty, which sought to settle outstanding issues between the two countries that had been left unresolved since American independence.

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The treaty helped lead the way for American westward expansion, but in the process, the Native Americans lost much of their land. Though the 1795 Treaty of Greenville was meant to end hostilities and to establish official boundaries between American and Native American lands, it did not really achieve lasting peace.

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Pinckney's Treaty, also commonly known as the Treaty of San Lorenzo or the Treaty of Madrid, was signed in San Lorenzo de El Escorial on October 27, 1795 and established intentions of friendship between the United States and Spain.

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Led by General “Mad Anthony” Wayne, a force of two thousand Americans succeeded in defeating a confederation of one thousand Shawnee, Mingo, Delaware, Wyandot, Miami, Ottawa, Chippewa and Pottawatomie warriors just south of present-day Toledo, Ohio

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Movement during the Battles of Timbers

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Painting of negotiations

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The Paxton Boys were frontiersman of Scots-Irish origin from along the Susquehanna River in central Pennsylvania who formed a vigilante group to retaliate in 1763 against local American Indians in the aftermath of the French and Indian War and Pontiac's War.

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Redefined the boundary between Indian lands and Whiteman's lands in the Northwest Territory.

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Mestizo is a term traditionally used in Spain, Latin America and the Philippines that originally referred to a person of combined European and Native American descent, regardless of where the person was born.

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Spanish Vaqueros (cowboys) of the Southwest

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Spanish Vaqueros (cowboys) of the Southwest

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The native cowboys were called vaqueros(from the Spanish word for cow) and developed roping skills, using braided rawhide reatas (the root word for lariat).

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Sought to settle outstanding issues between the two countries that had been left unresolved since American independence.

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Established intentions of friendship between the United States and Spain.

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1. The United States government forged diplomatic initiatives aimed at dealing with the
continued British and Spanish presence in North America, as U.S. settlers migrated
beyond the Appalachians and sought free navigation of the Mississippi River.

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1. The United States government forged diplomatic initiatives aimed at dealing with the
continued British and Spanish presence in North America, as U.S. settlers migrated
beyond the Appalachians and sought free navigation of the Mississippi River.

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Defined the boundaries of the United States with the Spanish colonies
and guaranteed the United States navigation rights on the Mississippi
River

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3. War between France and Britain resulting from the French Revolution presented
challenges to the United States over issues of free trade and foreign policy and fostered
political disagreement.

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3. War between France and Britain resulting from the French Revolution presented
challenges to the United States over issues of free trade and foreign policy and fostered
political disagreement.

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a. Political disagreements about aid to the French Revolution

During the French Revolution, the United States remained neutral

The British harassed neutral American merchant ships

The French dispatched a controversial Minister to the United States, Edmond Charles Genêt

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Dominated national politics during the wars between France and
Britain.

1. Federalists favored Britain & Jeffersonian Republicans favored France.

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Undeclared war fought at sea between the United States of America and the French Republic from 17981800

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A delegation was sent to France to negotiate and was asked to pay a bribe by lower ranking French diplomats named XYZ by Adams.

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Ended Revolutionary War alliance with France.

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9. George Washington’s Farewell Address encouraged national unity, as he cautioned
against political factions and warned about the danger of permanent foreign alliances.

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9. George Washington’s Farewell Address encouraged national unity, as he cautioned
against political factions and warned about the danger of permanent foreign alliances.

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10. In the decades after American independence, interactions among different groups resulted in
competition for resources, shifting alliances, and cultural blending.

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10. In the decades after American independence, interactions among different groups resulted in
competition for resources, shifting alliances, and cultural blending.

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H -  The Treaty between the United States and Great Britain that averted war, resolved issues remaining since the Treaty of Paris of 1783 (which ended the American Revolutionary War), and facilitated ten years of peaceful trade between the United States and Britain in the midst of the French Revolutionary Wars, which began in 1792.

I - Great Britain and United States

P - John Jay who, out of this, gained many primary American goals.

P -  Attempt to avert war  induced removal of western British forts (as per Treaty of Paris of 1783), paid off payments of prewar debts owed to the British, but did not successfully stop the impressment of american sailors or ships.

O - Led to interactions with France and eventually the Quasiwar with France and the Convention of 1800.