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MARIE CURIE WAS A PIONEER IN RESEARCHING RADIOACTIVITY. HER THEORY ABOUT ATOMS REVOLVED AROUND THE IDEA THAT THE STRENGTH OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS DID NOT DEPEND ON THE COMPOUND, RATHER IT DEPENDED ON THE AMOUNT OF MATERIAL IN THE SUBSTANCE. THIS DISCOVERY WAS REVOLUTIONARY IN THE WORLD OF BOTH PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY.

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DURING ONE OF HIS EXPERIMENTS IN 1897, J.J. THOMSON DISCOVERED THE ELECTRON. HE USED A CROOKES TUBE TO DEMONSTRATE THAT CATHODE RAYS WERE NEGATIVELY CHARGED. FURTHERMORE, HE WENT ON TO STUDY THE POSITIVELY CHARGED PARTICLES IN GASES SUCH AS NEON GAS. MODEL WAS CALLED PLUM PUDDING.

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JAMES CHADWICK WAS A BRITISH PHYSICIST WHO WAS AWARDED THE NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSICS FOR HIS DISCOVERY OF NEUTRON. BECAUSE OF THE PRODUCED UNKNOWN RADIATION DUE TO BOMBARDED BERYLLIUM ATOMS, IT WAS INTERPRETED FOR THE RADIATION TO BE COMPOSED OF PARTICLES WITH A NEUTRAL ELECTRICAL CHARGE AND THE APPROXIMATE MASS OF A PROTON. THIS PARTICLE BECAME KNOWN AS THE NEUTRON.

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DALTON AGREED WITH DEMOCRITUS' THEORY THAT ALL MATTER IS COMPOSED OF SMALL, INDIVISIBLE, AND INDESTRUCTIBLE BUILDING BLOCKS CALLED ATOMS. HOWEVER, HE FURTHER WENT ON TO STATE THAT WHILE ALL ATOMS OF AN ELEMENT WERE THE SAME, DIFFERENT ELEMENTS HAD ATOMS OF DIFFERENT SIZES AND MASSES.

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NIELS BOHR WAS A DANISH PHYSICIST WHO MADE FOUNDATIONAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO UNDERSTANDING ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND QUANTUM THEORY. IN THE BOHR MODEL OF THE ATOM, ELECTRONS TRAVEL IN DEFINED CIRCULAR ORBITS AROUND THE NUCLEUS.

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ERNEST RUTHERFORD WAS A NEW ZEALAND-BORN PHYSICIST WHO CAME TO BE KNOW AS THE FATHER OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS. HE PROPOSED THAT AN ATOM IS COMPOSED OF EMPTY SPACE MOSTLY WITH ELECTRONS ORBITING IN THE SET,

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DEMOCRITUS WAS A GREEK PHILOSOPHER WHO DEVELOPED AND SYSTEMATIZED CLASSICAL ATOMISM. HIS THEORY STATED THAT THE WORLD WAS MADE UP OF HARD, INDIVISIBLE PARTICLES MOVING THROUGH EMPTY SPACE.