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Students can respectfully commemorate the memory and lives lost in the Darfur genocide.

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Students can respectfully commemorate the memory and lives lost in the Darfur genocide.

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Background

Where?
The genocide took place in Darfur, an area in Southwestern Sudan, Africa.
When?
The killings began in 2003. They have continued throughout 2016 and are still ongoing.
Why?
Sudan has had two civil wars within the past 50 years, and Darfur was just stuck in the middle. Darfur suffered from neglect, which added to reasons for the Janjaweed to attack. Also, Darfur was "African," not "Arab," which is why the government was arming the Janjaweed.
How Long?
The attacks and killings began in 2003 and have died down in 2016, but there has been no official ending.

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Perpetrators
The Sudanese government was arming small militias called Janjaweed, which loosely translates into 'devils on horseback.' These militias then raided villages and caused mayhem.
Victims
The Citizens of Darfur (Darfurians/Furs) were attacked, raped, killed and tortured.

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How did the citizens suffer from the genocide?

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How did the citizens suffer from the genocide?

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The citizens of Darfur suffered from the genocide in several ways. As seen in the book Darfur Genocide, the authors Zoe Lowery and Janey Levy report that, "The Janjaweed tortured, shot, and stabbed civilians. They shouted racial slurs and called their victims "slaves"." The Janjaweed may have taken these attacks too far. The attacks were horrific and taken out in an unnecessary manor. As seen in the same book, (Darfur Genocide), the authors tell that, "Villagers who managed to escape or survive Janjaweed attacks lost everything, The Janjaweed took anything of value in the villages and towns. They destroyed clinics, schools, mosques, and entire villages." The Janjaweed didn't leave anything behind for anyone who survived. They destroyed their holy books and symbols of religion and beliefs. They made the people start over from scratch. As reported in the article Darfur Genocide, they authors state that, "Dead bodies are tossed in wells to contaminate water supplies and entire villages are burned to the ground." They made food and animals uneatable. They made water contaminated. The people were left with nothing to eat, drink, or stay healthy.

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Why was the genocide carried out by its own areas government?

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Why was the genocide carried out by its own areas government?

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The genocide was carried out by the government for different reasons. According to Zoe Lowery and Janey Levy, "Darfur, remote from Khartoum and having no valuable resources, suffered neglect from all these governments." If an area doesn't help the country, is isn't going to receive the same care as others. As seen in the Darfur Genocide article, it states that,  "Darfur remained underdeveloped and marginalized at the federal level, lacking infrastructure and development assistance. This neglect, combined with allegations that the government was arming Arab tribesmen (Janjaweed) to raid non-Arab villages, was cited as the justification for a February 2003 rebel attack on a Sudanese Air Force Base at El Fasher, North Darfur." Racism was also added to reasons why Darfur was neglected. Attacks by the Janjaweed were mostly on non-Arab villages.

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Why was the genocide carried out by its own areas government? (continued)

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Why was the genocide carried out by its own areas government? (continued)

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As reported by ABC Clio, they state that, "The critical turning point in the conflict was the formation of the Sudan Liberation Army (SLA)—composed largely of ethnic Fur, Masalit, and Zaghawa—and a series of attacks it staged against government installations in 2003... Following the SLA attacks, national security interests intersected with nomadic groups' desire to expand their territory and resources, and consequently the government recruited, sponsored, and armed Arabic-speaking Darfurian militias—the so-called Janjaweed—to lead an ethnic cleansing campaign against the agriculturalist Fur, Masalit, Zaghawa, and other groups associated with the SLA." Because of the attacks on the government, the Janjaweed felt it was necessary to punish the Darfurians. Because of what the Darfurians, and others did, the Janjaweed took them down.

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What was the U.S. response to the genocide?

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What was the U.S. response to the genocide?

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The U.S. cared deeply about the Darfur genocide and responded in a positive manor. The government sent about 20,000 military personnel and more than 6000 police to settle conflicts, and protect civilians. The U.S. also reached out to China, because of their relationship with the capital of Sudan, Khartoum. The U.S. have also given 4 billiion dollars to help the citizens of Darfur and Chad since 2005. The U.S. have provided 40,000 metric tons of food to the area, beccoming the largest food donor.

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During the Darfur genocide, the U.S. was busy doing other things. In March, 2003, the U.S. had declared war on Iraq. This war had lasted 8 years which is when the Darfur genocide was heating up. This made it hard for the U.S. to juggle these conflicts at the same time. Also, the U.S. declared war on Afghanistan on October 11, 2001. President Barack Obama also became president in 2008.

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Image #1: An armed Janjaweed militia riding on camelback.

Image #2: A burning village due to a Janjaweed attack on the Darfurians.

Image #3: Sudans president, Omar-al-Bashir giving a speech to the country.

Bibliography Link: https://docs.google.com/document/d/172Va_zzt1sQ8jTlkMKNBzqNLnIGz_64kYi1AvUWxmsk/edit (also in folder)