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The benefit of preserving land in Canada is largely to protect their trademark trait of rugged and untouched landscapes. This also provides them with revenue from tourism as well as protecting native species and lands that are important to native people. The more land they protect also means the less that can be used to aid in pollution and therefore Canada will have better air quality.
https://www.mass.gov/service-details/land-conservation-benefits

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Torngat national Park does not offer much in the way of recreation other than hiking and camping in small satellite campsites they set up throughout the park. They have no road running through the park but have instead native Inuit trails that run all through the area which require not only a map and description of the trail tp navigate but a GPS as well.
https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Torngat_Mountains_National_Park

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Species Risk Act,  Plant Protection Act,  Forestry Act

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Canada's forest laws | Natural Resources Canada

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Canada's forest laws are among the strictest in the world. They protect our forests and ensure that sustainable forest management practices are followed across the country. This means that consumers can be confident that the forest and wood products they buy from Canada were obtained legally and harvested under a system of sustainable forest management.

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One thing Canada already does fairly well with is conserving land. They currently have 10.5%  of their country protected under federal law.  They also do not have much of an issue with suburban sprawl as most of their population is condensed into and around cities with little to nothing around these zones. They need to continue to grow their market for organic crops, especially grains as they are  one of the worlds largest grain exporters. They need to make sure their product is not compromised by pesticides like the glyphosphate problem they had with pasta in Italy.  If Canada is able to continue on this path of condensed population within cities it will allow them to leave more land to agriculture and preservation. More land means less pressure on farmers to overwork the land with pesticides and artificial fertilizers to produce a high yield and will allow an easier transition to smarter farming. Canada is also already a leader in sustainable mining as they were the first to develop an "externally-verified performance system" for sustainable mining practices with the creation of MAC’s Towards Sustainable Mining initiative in 2004. If Canada continues to invest in these practices (sustainable mining, green energy, efficient and condensed cities) it will stay ahead of the game.

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Came across this looking for my mining map and thought you'd think it was interesting, just shows the language distribution in Canada.

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https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/earth-sciences/resources/federal-programs/targeted-geoscience-initiative/10907

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The lowest temperature ever recorded in North America was in the Canadian village of Snag, Yukon, registered —63ºC on February 3, 1947.
https://www.canadiangeographic.ca/article/10-surprising-facts-about-canadian-weather

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Canadian mineral products include precious metals (gold, silver, platinum) and diamonds; base metals (iron, copper, lead, zinc, nickel); energy minerals such as coal and uranium; and industrial minerals (limestone, rock salt, potash, gypsum).

https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/mining

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9% of the world's forest area is in Canada
https://nfi.nfis.org/en/quickfacts

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Members of the Western Grain Elevator Association, which consists of Western Canada’s major grain companies, won’t buy crops in the new 2017-18 crop year (which started Aug. 1) that have been treated with the following products:

Chlormequat

Metconazole

Saflufenacil

Fluoxastrobin

Benzovindiflupyr (Solatenol)

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Resmethrin, Piperonyl butoxide, and Malathion are commonly used for barley. Exposure to malathion can cause changes in the metabolism or nervous system as well as possibly being a carcinogen although currently research is still inconclusive.
https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/phs/phs.asp?id=520&tid=92

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Glyphosphate is also used in corn as well as wheat. side effects include autism, Alzheimer’s, diabetes, celiac disease, asthma, sexual disorders and cancer.
https://www.sierraclub.ca/en/national/programs/health-environment/pesticides/glyphosate-fact-sheet.shtml

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Wheat:
- " 2 to 2.5 pounds of nitrogen (N) per bushel (bu) of grain, or, if grazed, 1 pound per acre or each 3 pound-per-acre animal gain"
- " Winter wheat requires about 0.6 to 0.7 l pounds of phosphorus pentoxide (P₂O₅) per bushel grain. Because P is relatively immobile in soils, banded or starter applications are often most effective in soils testing low to medium"
- Requirement for Potassium is equal to that of Nitrogen
https://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/crop1296

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One of the biggest agriculture issues Canada is currently facing is the runoff from fertilizer contaminating their water supplies as well as soil erosion from overproduction.
https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/agriculture-and-food

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4.8% of Canada's Land is used for agriculture...
... up from 4.7 in 1966...
... growing at rate of .04%/year

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- The organic food industry in Canada has been growing at a rate of 20% per year.
-  Most organic farms are found in the Western parts of the country.

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Most prominent crops are wheat, barley, corn, potatoes, soybeans, rice, and sugar beets, with wheat being the main crop.
https://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/economies/Americas/Canada-AGRICULTURE.html#ixzz5Z0guvJxL

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https://www.soilsofcanada.ca/

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Italian pastas were found contaminated with traces of the pesticide glyphosphate, a pesticide that was banned in Italy in 2016. It was traced back to Canadian wheat where the pesticide has been used heavily on the country's main crop since the 1990s. Some of those who filed complaints actually passed away as a result of the contamination. Links have been found between the pesiticide and autism, Alzheimer’s, diabetes, celiac disease, asthma, sexual disorders and cancer, among others.

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Canada should know better than to get between Italians and their pasta.

Since Italy only grows 60 per cent of the wheat it needs, it also swallows up almost 25 per cent of Canada's $1.3-billion annual durum crop - or it did up until earlier this year.

Late in 2017, chemical residues were found in Italian pasta. When news hit the airwaves that Canadian wheat blended with Italian was the source, Italians were incensed.

Media hyped the Canadian practice of spraying glyphosate on grain crops to kill the plants days before harvest, a practice Italy banned in 2016, as a probable cause.

The amounts found measured well below both the European Union's maximum residue limit (MRL) of 10,000 parts per billion and Canada's at 5,000 ppb.

But a few months later, the world's biggest pasta maker, Barilla, announced it would not use wheat containing more than 10 ppb glyphosate, 1,000 times below the EU limit, in its pasta. The company cited consumer demand for its decision.

But even before Italy announced this month that it will not ratify the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement between the EU and Canada, the country's attitude was hardening toward wheat imports.

Citing Italians' concern about food-safety standards, Italy has since February required country-of-origin labelling on all wheat and rice products sold there. Canada's wheat exports to Italy have since slowed to a trickle.

Cereals Canada's president Cam Dahl says the situation has nothing to do with glyphosate and everything to do with a campaign by Italian farmers to denigrate Canadian wheat. Other observers of this food fight say that glyphosate levels worldwide are set too high to be safe.

Italian consumers may be on to something.

Explosion in pesticide use

Glyphosate is the most used herbicide in human history. It was first approved in Canada in 1991. Some nine billion kilograms have been sprayed globally. Since the arrival of genetically modified crops in the 1990s, its use has exploded 15-fold.

Glyphosate can now also be found not just in food, but in our water and air. Some scientists blame low-dose exposures for a range of chronic illnesses not even considered in the toxicity studies that help determine safe daily intake levels.

In 2015, the International Agency for Research on Cancer declared the chemical a probable carcinogen. Other agencies, including Canada's Pest Management Regulatory Agency, the European Food Safety Authority and the United States Environmental Protection Agency, have challenged that view. But it's also worth remembering that it took decades of research to finally establish scientific consensus on the dangers of tobacco.

Coldiretti, an Italian farmers' organization, has been loudest critic of Canadian wheat.

Italian farmers are playing the health card, but they have also been waging a two-year campaign against foreign imports flowing into Italy under the trade agreements with Canada and the Ukraine.

Made-in-Canada contamination

But if a mix of Italian and Canadian wheat puts more glyphosate in pasta than Italians think is healthy, how much are Canadians getting in their undiluted noodles?

Prior to 2014, there were no labs in Canada accredited for testing glyphosate food residues.

The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) finally decided to test for it in 2015. British Columbia food security activist Tony Mitra spent the next two years peppering the agency with Freedom of Information requests for test results.

CFIA finally dumped 7,800 raw data records on Mitra. After sorting, formatting and analyzing them, he concluded that Canada and the United States produce the most glyphosate-laden seed-based food on the planet.

He found 83 per cent of made-in-Canada pasta contained glyphosate residues, with an average contamination of 91 ppb. Of Italian pasta tested, 65 per cent contained residues of 30 ppb on average.

These results fall well below the 5,000 ppb Canadian MRL for wheat. But some say MRLs are based on out-dated research. Newer studies address low-dose effects ignored in classic toxicology.

More than 2,000 lawsuits launched

When glyphosate was first marketed in 1974, it was presumed safe because it killed plants by acting in their shikimate pathway, something humans don't have. But bacteria do, and recent science points to the crucial role bacteria play in human health.

Glyphosate is actually an antibiotic. According to retired Agriculture Canada plant-breeding researcher André Comeau, Monsanto's own patent says glyphosate has antibiotic value at levels as low as 1,000 ppb. That's a fifth of what Canada allows in wheat.

"In other words, Health Canada authorized in human food an antibiotic that is eaten by almost all Canadians... every day," Comeau says.

Glyphosate can be mistaken for the amino acid glycine and incorporated into proteins, according to a controversial theory advanced by a Massachusetts Institute of Technology research scientist, Stephanie Seneff, and her colleagues.

Seneff says existing studies already point to this mechanism creating proteins that malfunction and gradually lead to conditions, such as autism, Alzheimer's, diabetes, celiac disease, asthma, sexual disorders and cancer, among others. "You don't prove [this] in a toxicity study because it's a slow, insidious process," Seneff says.

Last month a short-term crowd-funded pilot study released by Italy's Ramazzini Institute suggested the low-dose glyphosate exposure people get on a daily basis is enough to disrupt the endocrine system, leading to a host of chronic diseases.

In the pilot study, rats were fed glyphosate-based herbicides daily for three months at the U.S. safe level dose of 1.75 milligrams for each kilogram of body weight. The study revealed effects on the sexual development of the rats, damage to their cell DNA and changes in their intestinal microbiome.

Canada's allowable daily intake is less than a fifth of the U.S. number used in the study. But even Canada's limit may be too high.

Monsanto, the company that discovered glyphosate and was recently bought by Bayer, is under increasing fire. More than 2,000 lawsuits have been launched in multiple U.S. states by people who say that using the company's glyphosate-based Roundup herbicide made them sick with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Some complainants are dying.

Awareness of the chemical's dangers is on the rise but Seneff says there's still widespread reluctance to believe a government would allow its citizens to consume a toxin for 40 years. "Meanwhile, we have all these diseases going up dramatically and nobody can explain why."

news@nowtoronto.com | @nowtoronto

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Crop dust-up: Is Canada exporting tainted wheat?

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Canada should know better than to get between Italians and their pasta. Since Italy only grows 60 per cent of the wheat it needs, it also swallows up almost 25 per cent of Canada's $1.3-billion annual durum crop - or it did up until earlier this year.

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https://opentextbc.ca/geology/chapter/5-5-the-soils-of-canada/
Luvisolic

This soil has a significant presence in northern Alberta and the center of British Columbia. It generally develops in deciduous forests and contains silicate clay. It is derived in large part from sedimentary rock.

Organic

As implied by its name, organic soils contain large accumulations of organic matter. It occurs in water-saturated conditions and Boreal forests, primarily in northern Ontario.

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Podzolic

This order of soil generally occurs in coniferous forests, and is in large part derived from igneous (volcanic) rock. It is present in British Columbia and is the primary soil type in Quebec and other eastern provinces.

Vertisolic

High in clay and present in southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan, this soil is distinct for its tendency to crack. Repeated fluctuations in water content causes the soil to swell and shrink, leading to deep fissures.

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Brunisolic

This order of soil is largely undefined, and lacks properties that stand out enough to put it into any other category. It is generally brownish soil and occurs primarily in a large band running from the southern Yukon Territory to southern Ontario.

Chernozemic

This type of soil is predominant in southern Alberta and Saskatchewan. It is a kind of soil that develops in grasslands, and contains significant levels of organic matter from the roots of grasses. It is generally dark in color.

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Cryosolic

This soil's primary characteristic is the presence of permafrost. It is the primary soil type in the tundra of the Nunavut and Northwest Territories, and is also present in the northern Yukon Territory.

Gleysolic

This sticky soil is developed by constant saturation over time. It is relatively rare in Canada, but exists near the Great Lakes and in the southern Northwest Territories. It has a distinct gray-blue-greenish coloring, which transforms to reddish-yellow when exposed to air.

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Regosolic
Regosolic soil is similar to brunisolic soil in that it has indistinct characteristics; however, it is more unstable than brunisolic soil and often is present in areas with sand dunes or slopes. It occurs primarily in eastern Ontario and northeastern Alberta.

Solonetzic

Solonetzic soil is rich in clay and has high levels of sodium. It occurs in drier climates, often in grasslands. It is, however, relatively rare, almost exclusively present in small pockets in southern Alberta and Saskatchewan.

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The Wild Within: British Columbia, Canada

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https://nfi.nfis.org/en/maps

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Map of National Parks system in Canada !

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national parks in canada map - Google Search

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"More than 446,000 hectares (1.1 million acres) have been conserved since the onset of the program. The NACP is on track to conserve $1B worth of ecologically significant land by 2020." - Natural Conservancy Canada
http://www.natureconservancy.ca/en/what-we-do/conservation-program/

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This land is important not only for its beauty but was first protected in 2006 as a way of protecting native Inuit interests. Turning it into federal land under the National Parks system took compromise and complicated legislation but it is officially federal land. It was named after the most powerful spirit that the Inuits believe to live within the mountains, Torngait in Inuit.
Where: 9700 km2 of Labrador north of Saglek Fiord

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I Was Born There: Torngat Mountains National Park

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http://www.realdirtonfarming.ca/assets/docs/PDFs/2016-DIRT-ENG.pdf

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The number of farms is going down...
From 728,623 in 1931 to 205, 730 in 2011
http://www.realdirtonfarming.ca/assets/docs/PDFs/2016-DIRT-ENG.pdf

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97% of Canada's farms are family owned
http://www.realdirtonfarming.ca/assets/docs/PDFs/2016-DIRT-ENG.pdf

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Height: Taller than a 6 story building
Weight: 30,000 lbs
Cost: $125,000
Status: In town
Appearance: Handsome

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Giant rubber duck floats in Toronto for festival

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More info about movement of people over time based on Canada census. (Interactive map/graphs)

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Canada's latest census numbers show the country's population reached 35.2 million in 2016, an increase of 1.7 million over 2011 - the strongest growth of all the G7 countries.

But the increase belies a number of deepening trends among Canadians, including a preference for urban life and a persistent push west, even in the absence of boom-time oil prices.

The three biggest metropolitan areas in the country - Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver - are now home to more than one-third of all Canadians with a combined population of 12.5 million, with almost one half living in Toronto and its suburban neighbours, the data shows.

Canada is once again the fastest growing country in the G7, Statistics Canada says in the first of what will be seven tranches of 2016 census data to be released over the course of the year.

Wednesday's release focused on population and dwellings; the next one, in May, will be focused on age and sex.

The Canadian Press has prepared an interactive graphic map that allows you to fully explore the census data.

Viewing this on an app? Tap here for the full experience.

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Canada's population: Interactive map, graphics and charts illustrating the 2016 census

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Canada's latest census numbers show the country's population reached 35.2 million in 2016, an increase of 1.7 million over 2011 - the strongest growth of all the G7 countries. But the increase belies a number of deepening trends among Canadians, including a preference for urban life and a persistent push west, even in the absence of boom-time oil prices.

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Census Backgrounders

The City of Toronto releases Census Backgrounders to coincide with each Census release by Statistics Canada. The backgrounders provide a review of the data, focussing on how it relates to the City of Toronto and the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA).

The 2016 Census Day was May 10, 2016

Census Release Schedule

For more information on the 2016 Census Release Schedule, please visit Statistics Canada.

2016 Census Backgrounder reports:

2011 Census Backgrounder reports:

Census and the National Household Survey

The information previously collected by the long-form Census questionnaire was collected in 2011 as part of the voluntary National Household Survey. In 2016, Statistics Canada restored the mandatory long-form Census questionnaire in an effort to improve data collection. Readers should be aware that releases from the 2016 Census will reflect the long-form Census and are anticipated to be more comprehensive than those of the 2011 National Household Survey.
Note: All data in the backgrounders are based on geographic boundaries available at time of writing. In the event of any future boundary revisions, some data totals may change.

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Toronto's Economy, Labour Force & Demographics

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The City of Toronto releases Census Backgrounders to coincide with each Census release by Statistics Canada. The backgrounders provide a review of the data, focussing on how it relates to the City of Toronto and the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA). For more information on the 2016 Census Release Schedule, please visit Statistics Canada.

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https://www.toronto.ca/data/parks/maps/index.html

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"The Yorkdale Mall in Toronto draws the largest retail sales per square foot in Canada—approximately $1,200 per square foot—and ranks second in retail sales per square foot in North America, after the Forum Shops at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas ($1,400 in retail sales per square foot)"
https://ic.gc.ca/eic/site/oca-bc.nsf/eng/ca02855.html

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https://www.toronto.ca/legdocs/mmis/2017/hl/bgrd/backgroundfile-103495.pdf

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"The Education sector is one of the city’s largest employers, with 1,400 educational establishments and related businesses and more than 100,000 employees. Total annual wages for the sector are $7.2B."
https://www.toronto.ca/business-economy/industry-sector-support/education/

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Settled land: 1,648 KM (CMA)
Arable land: 3,867 KM (CMA-e)
Forest: 2,259 KM (CMA-e)
https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/16-201-x/2016000/tbl/tbl3-86-eng.htm

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CMA: Census Metropolitan Area
CMA-e: combines any Soil Landscapes of Canada (SLC) polygon that is contained within or that intersects with the CMA boundary, as well as SLCpolygons that are fully contained within this newly formed boundary of the CMA-E. Includes all terrestrial and water surfaces.

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https://www.tripadvisor.com/Travel-g155019-s303/Toronto:Ontario:Public.Transportation.html
(Public transport is very popular the same way it is in major US cities; cost effective and quick)
536 KM of road

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POP: 5,429,524
Size: 5,906 KM

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POP: 3,519,595

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POP: 2,264,823

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https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/biggest-cities-in-canada.html