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Sarcastic (pg. #6)
Curious (pg. #9 ) went to the great house to see master Jefferson and the violon
Observant and smart (pgs. # 4-7)
Likes  long and "good words"
-confused doesn't understand why he has to keep the secret a secret. He wants T.J. to feel proud of him for his first lesson of violin
imaginative: likes to imagine that mama would be married to master Jefferson (pg 68+69) Miss Edith and Joe could be free.
only imagines things that could happen

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wrote the declaration of independence
Secretary of state under George Washington
#rd president of the US
Purchased the Louisiana Purchase from Napoleon of France (1803)
- Slaveholder: he kept an inventory of of all his property including his slaves.

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-He likes kids
-he gave beverly his kit violin
-interested in many things
-Writer , thinker ,reader
- Used to be shy

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Sally doesn't want Beverly to call T.J papa EVER. she said it had to be kept a secret."What you know in your head and what you can say out loud are not always the same."(pg. #17) Mama said it was a secret everybody knew.
- When she explains to beverly about his father and slavery, Beverly doesn't realize that he's a slave and mama is a slave and that mama and Master Jefferson can't marry because it's illegal.
- T.J. named Beverly after his friend. He gave him his name and his kit violin to show that he loved him

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Joe Fosset announces to the mountaintop people that James Hubbard ran. Hubbard had a fake pass, got caught and put to jail. Mama explains slavery. It is very confusing to them and mostly Beverly who asked many questions. Mama explains to them that when they are 21 they will be free by Master Jefferson.
"nobody is a slave on their own...that makes you a slave, that says you have to be one, that says you're different from somebody who isn't a slave The difference is other people-people who make laws and other people into slavery and work to keep them there. (pg. #35)

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She doesn't want to be related to Sally and her family. She finds them intolerable. She is TJ's daughter.

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Where the african american slaves worked and lived.

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cooked their on food in their cabins

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Mountaintop people: worked in the Great House

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Mountaintop people: worked in the Great House

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ate their meals in a group in the kitchen

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Unfortunately, James Hubbard receives his punishment of a whipping. Mama makes the children watch so that they understand the difference between the Hemming life versus everyone else's life at Monticello. She explains that all James Hubbard wanted to do was live his life." (pg.#41) .Running away is not wrong, Sometimes the laws are wrong." Beverly had a hard time understanding that T.J. ordered the punishment. He doesn't know T.J. this way, only that he gave him a violin and a nice smile.

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Parthenia, the great grandma, came from Africa. She was captured and put on a ship to Williamsburg VA. Mr. Francis Eppes purchased her.

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" Your great grandmother wasn't born a slave... She didn't have something wrong with her turned her into a slave. She didn't do something wrong. he didn't deserve to be captured..."
(pg. #44)

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A merchant from England. They had Elizabeth Hemings, who is Beverly's grandma and Sally's mother

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France ( Chapter 5 : Great- grandma and the sea captain)

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France ( Chapter 5 : Great- grandma and the sea captain)

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Sally was Miss Martha's chaperone in France. She knew she could have stayed in France. She knew how to find a job. She was paid a wage. Why did she come back? T.J.'s term was over, and she was coming back. She was going to have a baby and her family was here. She was loyal to Thomas jefferson and Miss Martha.

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Miss Martha and her grumpy husband and 6 children along with T.J. comes back to live in Monticello. There are home for Christmas .Miss Edith comes home with baby James to see Joe Fosset. Beverly hopes to see T.J. and have conversations with him. Sally walloped Beverly for calling T.J. papa. T.J. and family return to Washington. Davy comes back without miss Edith and her baby. Joe Fossett runs away

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Beverly didn't like the idea of Joe getting whipped. Sally was sad when she told Master Jefferson why Joe Fosset had run away and he didn't understand how important family was to him. Beverly spied Master Jefferson and saw that he was writing something but didn't know what. T.J. started playing violin and Beverly tried to imitate. when Joe came back, he seemed completely calm and acted like nothing had happend. when Beverly went to see him with Harriet, he had a smile in his eyes.

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- Beverly's mother
- Went to Paris, France when she was fourteen as a nursemaid to Maria. Thomas Jefferson's daughter
-gets mad when Beverly calls T.J. papa.
- learned to speak French
-lived there for 3 years
-Was an African american slave on the plantation of Monticello
-mother to 7 children: Beverly, Harriet, James Madison, AKA Maddy ( hemmings )
-3 of those children died

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"It was important to keep their stories alive. Family counted living or dead." Sally said. (pg. #6)

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Nostalgic: about her times she had in France,friends with Miss Martha
angry: when Beverly calls T.J. papa, and when Beverly tries to meet with
Master Jefferson
Caring: loves her children, wants to be with her family thus returning from france
Truthfull: to her children, tells them T.J. was their papa
tells them about slavery made them watch the whipping
When their  21 they will be free.
wise: knows about the futur of her children
she knows how the institution of slavery works, she understands the "laws".(pg. 41)
Strict: gave Beverly a wallop when he calls Jefferson papa. then gives him a harder warning(ch 7)
empathetic: talks to master Jefferson and intervenes for Joe Fosset and miss Edith
discreet: she makes sure that her secret is safe
she goes to the great house without realizing it.

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Parthenia, the great grandmother, came from Africa. She was captured and put on a ship to Williamsburg VA. Mr Francis Eppes purchased her.

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"your great grandmother wasn't born a slave ... She didn't have  something wrong with her that turned her into a slave. She didn't do something wrong. She didn't deserve to be captured..." (pg. 44)

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The rules of the Great House was not to steal anything that belonged to Master Jefferson. Punishment was the whipping. Talking vegetables or other foods from the slave community was stealing too. Justice was taking or helping yourself with small amounts talking handful of foods from the gardens, etc. It was a way to feed themselves

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The rule was to not steel anything that belonged to T.J. Punishment was a whipping. Taking foods from the community was stealing too. Justice was helping themselves with small portions of food. that was their way of feeding themselves. sally and her family have a privilege: master Jefferson provides them with money if they need something. Mama doesn't have to grow vegetables or raise chicken. Beverly  helps uncle Jon dig the flower bed, and he runs into T.J. and his grand daughter, Ellen.
he feels invisible and grumpy because he feels ignored by Thomas Jeffrson. Mama and Uncle Jon tell him that everybody on MR matters, and he shouldn't let anybody bother him. (pg 74).

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- Grazed / v. to touch or rub against something by passing it causing slight damage (pg. #2)

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- Grazed / v. to touch or rub against something by passing it causing slight damage (pg. #2)

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- Pickaninny / n. small black child; inappropriate (pg. #4)

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- Pickaninny / n. small black child; inappropriate (pg. #4)

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-Cope / v. deal effectively with something difficult. (pg. #7)

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-Cope / v. deal effectively with something difficult. (pg. #7)

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-Glared / v. to stare in an angry or fierce way. pg. #18)

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-Glared / v. to stare in an angry or fierce way. pg. #18)

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-Overseer /n. someone who supervises others.

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-Overseer /n. someone who supervises others.

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- Chaperone / n. a person who accompanies another person

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- Chaperone / n. a person who accompanies another person

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three important things happened in the second half  of 1807:
#1. Joe Fosset is now the head blacksmith. He can earn for his family.
-he became head blacksmithe because the Stewart , the former Blacksmith was a common drunk and set Joe's pants on fire.
#2. Sally was having another baby, Thomas Eston, and Miss Martha is having her 8th baby.
#3. Beverly figured out that in order to be a lady, Harriet would have to be "white".
- "white people make the laws in this country. they make the rules..."( pg. 84)
- lines of the hearth mean that mama showed Beverly his lineage.

- 7 out of 8 white great grandparents is legally white. mama is a slave therefor Beverly was a slave.
- " i don't like secrets. Better make friends with them, there here to stay."(page 84)

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Mama has named the new baby Thomas Eston Hemming. the baby was named after T.J.'s  friend. Sally  is sad that her first baby has not lived very much. Beverly is rejoiced when mama says that Master Jefferson will be here to stay after this summer. the hemming family  went to T.J.'s room to show him mama's baby. Beverly was jealous. he couldn't wait to be a carpenter. " Master Jefferson could die all of a sudden. You would belong to Miss Martha than , heaven knows what she would do."

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he woke up happy knowing that everyone was coming to stay. Maddy and James meet and are very exited. Beverly cant find mama but then sees her half hidden on the porch of the great house. Beverly was exultant to see Sally and T.J. staring at each other.

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Monsieur Julien comes to the great, bows to John, and asks to see miss edith. Beverly is astonished when monsieur Julien kisses miss Fanny and Miss Edith on the cheek not knowing that it was something french. beverly feels sad for Miss edith and mama because they might have had a better life in France.

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- Chaos / n. complete disorder and confusion ( 101 )

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- Chaos / n. complete disorder and confusion ( 101 )

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-Inferior / adj. lower in rank, status or quality ( 105 )

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-Inferior / adj. lower in rank, status or quality ( 105 )

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- astonishing / adj. extremely surprising or impressive; amazing ( 108 )

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- astonishing / adj. extremely surprising or impressive; amazing ( 108 )

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- Palming / v. conceal in the hand especially as part of a trick or theft. ( 108 )

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- Palming / v. conceal in the hand especially as part of a trick or theft. ( 108 )

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- unabated / adj. without any reduction in intensity or strength. ( 109 )

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- unabated / adj. without any reduction in intensity or strength. ( 109 )

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- resent / v. feel bitterness at indignation at a circumstance. ( 111 )

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- resent / v. feel bitterness at indignation at a circumstance. ( 111 )

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Miss Martha dislikes Beverly even more. he looks like T.J. Sally keeps telling Beverly that he cant be saying " he' s my father too." She worries about Beverly's reputation and his future. Beverly would never be free if he becomes a famous slave. He wouldn't be able to pass. T.J. will never treat his children ad if they were his. T.J. visits Beverly's violin lessons. Beverly tries to "quit hoping". Harriet comes back to the great house, and declares "there's nothing in this house for me." ( pg. 115)5tgt

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Maddy answers the door of the great house, and he begins to talk to the white man who is a guest. The white man mistook maddy for a white boy but he becomes angry when Miss Martha and her well dressed children come to the door. He realized by the clothing the children were wearing that he made a mistake. Maddy is at the great house because Miss Ellen,Miss Martha's daughter, is teaching him to read. Maddy already understands that he is a black slave until the magical day of his freedom. He is smarter because he has learned as well as Beverly and Harriet. Miss Martha's worst fear is that one of the guests finds out the secret is about Maddy's family. Mama said it would be OK for Maddy to learn how to read because no one can take that away from him he will teach everyone else to read.

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- quelled / v. to put an end to, typically by the use of force.

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- quelled / v. to put an end to, typically by the use of force.

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All the slaves are harvesting the wheat. James is the son Miss Edith and Joe Fosset. Maddy and James go fishing , but an overseer comes and needs a water boy. The overseer guesses that maddy is one of miss sally's sons so he chose James instead. Maddy heads over to the kitchen where miss Edith is cooking for a crowd. She asks him why he isn't with James. Maddy tells him that an overseer needed him as a water boy. Miss Edith gave him a hard look , and asks her if he can help in the kitchen. he snaps the beans in the kitchen, and realizes that he got out of work not because he was miss sallys son, but for being master jeffersons son. "that was something neither he or Miss Edith could say."-

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Both Miss Ellen and Maddy have something in common. Both can't achieve something; knowledge. Miss Ellen want to go to college, but because she is a girl, society doesn't allow it. Maddy, as enslaved person, wasn't allowed to read or write, because society doesn't allow it

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Vocabulary from pages 116 to 286

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nonsensical / adj. something that doesn't ma ke sense  (135)

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nonsensical / adj. something that doesn't ma ke sense  (135)

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Master Jefferson had a mocking bird that died. Maddy and James Fosset went hunting for one. they capture it and bring it to Master Jefferson. Master Jefferson pays them fifty cents each. Maddy feels that he just put a bird into slavery. " The bird had been free and now it was a slave."(pg 144). Maddy gets into a fight with James about getting paid for the bird. Maddy wanted to give it to T.J. as a gift, but James wanted the money. Maddy tells James that T.J. could set him free while Joe Fosset is saving up for freedom. James walks away from Maddy.

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James Hubbard ran away again and got whipped. An overseer said he would be sold to the deep south and would have to work to the cotton fields. Mama said Maddy had to watch James Hubbard's Flogging.

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Maddy, that summer, had actually learned to read words and sentences with miss Ellen. One day, Miss Ellen told Maddy that Miss Martha caught her and said that She could no longer teach maddy to read and write. Miss Ellen, with her Christmas money, bought Maddy a primer. Maddy tells James that he could once be white, when he is older, but when he comes to their chamber, mama said that since he didn't look white, he might not be white.

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Chapter 21: A landau, Septimia, and a Funny Sort of sweet potato.

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Chapter 21: A landau, Septimia, and a Funny Sort of sweet potato.

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Mama tries to make Maddy feel better because he's different. Master Jefferson draws up plans fir a new landau to take him to his other farm, Poplar Forest. Miss Martha has her seventh girl, Septimia. Maddy thinks the name sounds like a disease. Maddy finds miss Ellen and tells her his reading is coming along. They plot to plant a book on the bushels of sweet potatoes. Miss Edith finds it and nonchalantly gives it to Maddy, who then reads it to Harriet and tells the Aesop fables to everyone on Mulberry Row.

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inherit / v. to receive as an heir. (178)

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inherit / v. to receive as an heir. (178)

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apprenticed / v. employ as an apprentice. (179)

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apprenticed / v. employ as an apprentice. (179)

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extravagances / n. lacking of restraint   

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extravagances / n. lacking of restraint   

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there has been rumors that Master Jefferson has been losing a lot of money. Harriet turns thirteen and goes working the textile shop . Maddy overhears Miss Cornelia talk to Miss Martha about having Harriet as a personal maid. " He understood, though he wished he didn't. Miss Cornelia knew exactly who Harriet was - that was why she wanted her"(pg. #181). Maddy still feels like the outcast of the family cause of his skin color. He feels sad when He thinks of never seeing Beverly again. Mama says once Beverly is settled, and Harriet will become free. they will live together. Eston takes violin lessons and plays very well.

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It was give out time and Maddy was about to get his first pair of real shoes. He doesn't care what he wears. He was proud to have shoes. Maddy doesn't understand why the field hands are the ones who get the ugly stockings. Beverly makes Maddy throw rocks which is supposed to represent what he was doing to Harriet. Maddy starts going around and asking what all the big words in the primer meant. he went to mama, Beverly, Miss Ellen, and Uncle Jhon who went down to listen to people preach.

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Chapter 26: Master Jefferson sells James.

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Chapter 26: Master Jefferson sells James.

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Mr. Bacon , the overseer, comes to the kitchen to announce that James is going to Edgehill, Mr. Randolph's farm. Miss Edith, Maddy , Beverly, and mama are all POWERLESS to help James. Maddy wasn't sure who he hated more, his mother or Master Jefferson. Maddy And Beverly talk about the slaves, who where field hands that were sold. Maddy understands that Master Jefferson is unfair. Joe Fosset tells Maddy he's going to miss his son, James. it connects everyone because they all feel the same way. Maddy talks to Joe Fosset and he learns that some of Joe Fosset's kin became free:  his mama, Sally; his sister , and his brother, Robert. he and his sister, Betsy were kept by Thomas Jefferson. Joe has a  hard time believing that James has been sold (224 + 225). Harriet explains to Maddy that he doesn't have any say or choice. She asks him "What do you think slavery is". (pg. 227). Harriet tells maddy to ask mama about her brothers and sisters.

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Master Jefferson's wife is Martha Wales. Her father, Mr. Wales is Sally Hemming s' father too. He also was the father of Sally's brother's and sister's. Master Jefferson inherits Wales' slaves. They all stay at Monticello, and stay together as a family.

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On Sunday, everybody was rejoiced to see James. Although he was dirty and very skinny, he was still fed at Edgehill. his eyes teared up when Maddy started talking about taking care of baby Peter. Beverly explains to Maddy that instead of letting the rocks of anger weigh him down, he could chose to move on. Maddy helps Master Jefferson when he lost his breath when playing with his grandchildren. "What did Master Jefferson see when he looked at Maddy? His son, or his slave."

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In the summer of 1819, disaster after disaster strikes  Master Jefferson. It's so hot that the crops died. The country went into a panic. Therefor, the banks failed  and the people lost their money. Everyone's worried at Monticello. Maddy, Sally, Harriet, and Eston are concerned about whether Beverly had a job.
At poplar Forest a hailstorm hits and destroys the property. Maddy, Uncle John, and Eston go there and find Burwell very sick. Master Jefferson suffers from arthitis. Miss Ellen and Miss Cornelia order Maddy around. Master Jefferson receives a letter from Mr. Nicholas stating that Master Jefferson is responsible for the 20,000 $ loan. When Everyone returns to Monticello, they discover shocking news. Beverly is back.

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Beverly returns because he needs a story to tell the white folks. White people asked a lot of questions. White folks were raised differently than enslaved or free black folks. Black folks have papers or they don't. "A white person wants to know who they belong to and if they're where their supposed to be"(pg 283). Harriet makes up a story for both of them to tell. (pg 286) Maddy says to Beverly that he will be OK alone.

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Peter is the luckiest boy because his mom, Edith, id the best cook, and his dad, Joe, is the best blascksmith. He has no responsibilities exept taking care of Eagle, Master Jeffersons hoarse. he lives on Monticello, the best place in the world, and it has the best view of the mountain top.
Maddy and peter talk about freedom. " It isn't fair," Maddy said. "Don't you ever let anybody make you believe that it is fair"(pg.300

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in the summer of 1822, Pter worries about being sold. His father tells him that he will always tell him the truth.

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 Chapter 35:As long as Master Jefferson lives

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 Chapter 35:As long as Master Jefferson lives

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in the autumn of 1822, Maddy and Uncle John are building new house steps out of mortar. Maddy explains to Peter that even the smallest details count. They also talk about the importance of Peter learning to read. Master Jefferson tumbles down the porch and breaks his arm. All of a sudden, Newspapermen rush to the great house to have more information about the broken arm. They wander down to Mulberry row and start to question Joe Fosset. They ask him if they like having Jefferson as a Master. . Fosset replies,"As long as Master Jefferson is alive, his people know we'll be treated just fine"(pg. 314). Peter and Joe talk about what would happen if M.J. dies . Joe believes there isn't a will because Sally tells him that M.J. divides his property between his daughters. Peter still refuses to read. Peter senses there is something wrong at Monticello. Everyone is concerned that Master Jefferson will die. The dept are increasing, and a merchant came to the door and asked for payment. Peter learns that his daddy has three hundred sixty five dollars and 18 cents, and doesn't need to worry.