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Although many pieces of work recognize Americans in Western Culture, not a ton of well known works recognize what it is like to be in America but have a different culture. Rather than a novel, I think "My Hips, My Caderas," an essay by Alisa Valdes-Rodriguez, could be an interesting piece to be added to the Western canon. It shows how life is different for someone who is multicultural than it is for someone who is not. It reflects on how tastes in beauty are different and how it feels living with that in mind, being that the author is a woman of another culture living in America. She comments on how hips aren't seen as beautiful as they are in Spanish culture. Having this piece translated could reveal how this way of life is like for a Spanish woman in Western Society. Although it has some negative context, it's honest and revealing and I appreciate that. It really shows the weight put on beauty and thinness in modern Western society. It shows what it's like to exist between two cultures. It would be nice to have more essays on multiculturalism in the canon. 

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Although many pieces of work recognize Americans in Western Culture, not a ton of well known works recognize what it is like to be in America but have a different culture. Rather than a novel, I think "My Hips, My Caderas," an essay by Alisa Valdes-Rodriguez, could be an interesting piece to be added to the Western canon. It shows how life is different for someone who is multicultural than it is for someone who is not. It reflects on how tastes in beauty are different and how it feels living with that in mind, being that the author is a woman of another culture living in America. She comments on how hips aren't seen as beautiful as they are in Spanish culture. Having this piece translated could reveal how this way of life is like for a Spanish woman in Western Society. Although it has some negative context, it's honest and revealing and I appreciate that. It really shows the weight put on beauty and thinness in modern Western society. It shows what it's like to exist between two cultures. It would be nice to have more essays on multiculturalism in the canon. 

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The Great Gatsby is an excellent book that describes modern Western Culture as it is often referenced as the epitome of the 1920s in America. It shows the sharp contrast between the lavish lifestyles that were available to some, but also the harsh living conditions of most in New York during the time. The novel portrays the growth of New York paralleled with the quickly growing economy. It shows legal defiance of prohibition as many men sneak into speakeasies for a quick drink.
Although the parties thrown by Gatsby are most likely extremely exaggerated and are seemingly impossible at the time, it is meant to depict the idea of the "Roaring Twenties" and the carelessness that is associated with the decade before the Great Depression.
This novel illustrates the time period that seems to be unique to America and specifically to New York. During other industrial revolutions, there has not been other stories that have emerged that describe a rapidly growing city the same way the Fitzgerald describes New York.

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Translationese

What is Translationese? What may be some reasons that translationese occurs? How can it be spotted or fixed? Give an example of when this may have occurred in real life.

History of translation studies as a discipline:

Translation studies as a discipline is relatively young compared to other fields of study. Why do you think this is? Give some examples of how we got to where we are now and where we need to go in the future of the field?

Answer: Translation studies hasn’t ever really fallen into a clear place. People have been unable to figure out where it belongs: whether it is a subfield of linguistics, language and literature, compatrative literature, philosophy or religion, etc. As a result of this confusion, it has never really been claimed by any larger discipline. Therefore, there has been a lag in development and research since no one knows what to do with it. Andres’ essay defines translation studies as a field from 1978. In his essay, he proposes we treat translation studies as a sort of science. Because of this essay, we have begun to find a way to put together a science or formula for making a good translation. Since that time, there has been an explosion of research talking about people in their fields of research.

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Invisibility and Translation –What do we mean by an “invisible” translation and what are the potential dangers of an invisible or perfect translation? How can this effect the source culture? Give an example of how this might erase the source culture and/or the original author’s work.

Domestication v. Foreignization of a text – Compare and contrast “domestication and foreignization” of a text and what obstacle does cultural appropriation create when translating a text? Give an example of cultural appropriation in a text. – ANSWER: Domestication of a text adapting the text from a foreign culture, making it more relatable and heightening the fluency for the target audience. Foreignization of a text is sticking to the original and keeping the source culture in the text. Cultural appropriation creates the obstacle of taking elements from the source culture and generalizing traditional aspects of the culture for the audience. Cultural appropriation in the Chinese ghost stories and how they kept the city, pronouns, and places the same.

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Midterm Questions Canon Formation & Adaptation

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Midterm Questions Canon Formation & Adaptation

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CANON FORMATION QUESTION:

How did translation play a role in Canon Formation?  What books were included, and how were they selected?  How should the translators approach these translations in order to respect the writing and culture fairly?

ANSWER:

Translation played a role in Canon Formation originally because there were texts from Western cultures that were not representing other cultures fairly.  The books that were included were all European/Western books that either represented their society or their views on other societies. For example, Catcher in the  Rye by J.D. Salinger, Shakespeare's works, and "Lord of the Flies." They were selected unfairly by Herald Bloom based upon the most valuable western books to their society based on his educated British perspective.  The translators approach translation fairly by making sure that they are using works that were originally written by people indigenous to these cultures and using the texts to get a deeper insight about these cultures. They not only worry about how they are translating, but also what they are translating to make sure that they do not unfairly represent an entire culture to the rest of the outside word. For example, if they translate a violent text from a culture, people are going to think that entirety of that country is extremely violent as well.

ADAPTATION QUESTION:

How is adaptation different from translation?  How do foreignization and domestication play into adaptation?  How do you make sure your adaptation stays true to the original text?

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I thought of a book that isn't a classic, something more modern and more out there. It's Kind of a Funny Story is a book by Ned Vizzini. This book is about a 16-year-old kid who has studied rigorously to attend a pre-professional school after admission Craig becomes very overwhelmed by the work at school, unable to fit in, and alienated by his friends and love interest. He struggles with depression and eventual suicidal thoughts lead him to call the suicide hotline and is admitted to a psychiatric hospital. Through the story Craig begins to accept help and discovers different things about himself while in the hospital. Although this book is a not a literary masterpiece, it informs the outside world of what it is like to struggle with depression and mental health. The book was inspired by the author's brief stay in a psychiatric hospital, so there could have been some truth to this book. Unfortunately, Ned Vizzini committed suicide and i think this speaks the truth in this book. I recognize that this book is YA but I feel that it could be included in the western canon to educate and it could possibly help those who could relate to struggling with mental health.

Jose Espinal

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My book on modern Western Culture is Salvage to the Bones. This novel is about the relationships between a family in the twelve days prior to Hurricane Katrina. The main character, who is named Esch faces many struggles, such as growing up without a mother and with a alcoholic, non present father, having to do the mother and the father of the house role, and also while facing a pregnancy, with a guy who has a girlfriend and that does not want to be with her. This book brings many issues that we still see in a daily basis today, such as teenage pregnancy, alcoholism, death and natural disaster. She is really strong, but due to the fact that she is seen as one of her brothers by her father she has no one to turn to, or to call for help. And that leads her to seek a mother figure in her brother's dog, China, who has puppies, and in the own Hurricane Katrina. This book shows poverty, racism, pregnancy, natural disasters and other struggles, and it is not only the West who faces these, but this novel is specifically about the United States, in New Orleans, the other face of the perfect West.

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Our course midterm will be in essay form and held on the day before break (Feb. 28). The topics that will be addressed are as follows. This week's Padlet discussion is 1) to post a potential essay question and 2) to model one "5/5" response to that question.                           

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Our course midterm will be in essay form and held on the day before break (Feb. 28). The topics that will be addressed are as follows. This week's Padlet discussion is 1) to post a potential essay question and 2) to model one "5/5" response to that question.                           

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Topics (broadly described):
- History of Translation Studies as a discipline
- Translationese
- Invisibility and translation
- Domestication vs. foreignization of a text
- Translation and canon formation
- Adaptation

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Charlotte's Web is a American classic novel for kids that tells the tale of a small American farm where everything changed because of the messages Charlotte ( the spider ) would leave to help save Wilbur's life. I think this could be a good book to add to the canon because its shows how small farms towns in America operate and the culture associate around farming. today we here of cities still and the life associated with this, but far to often we overlook the other half of our American society.
The Book mentions practices from traditional animal farming to blue ribbon contests. This book although set in the 1950's can portray what farms are like not based on technology but morally. A book like this I believe doesn't in our country, but having a book that teaches children morals and its culture can be beneficial in understanding where many American ideals  originated from.

Nick Esposito

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I chose The Catcher in the Rye for my example of modern Western culture.  The novel is an extremely popular example of teen angst and alienation in America.  While it sometimes can be a bit extreme in terms of how Western youth behaves, I feel like its popularity shows how much Americans connect with it in some way or another.  Teenagers in the west behave much differently than teens in the east; the youth here can honestly be pretty disrespectful, while their behaviors would not sit well with elders in the east.  I’m sure that western adolescents are not the only ones who experience these kinds of feelings, it ultimately boils down to how they handle what is going on.  Other peoples’ responses to Holden’s behavior throughout the book also shows how our society – no matter how old you are – responds to those who do not fit in.  In the beginning of the novel, Holden’s teacher Mr. Spencer tries to help the young boy after his expulsion from school, but only ends up hurting Holden’s feelings and making matters worse.  Throughout the rest of the novel, adults continually try to help Holden, while some of his peers choose to ostracize him.  While it is not exactly a pretty or happy example of how Western culture is, I feel like it is fairly true.

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Today we talked about formation of the 'canon' and the importance not only of HOW to translate but also of WHAT to translate. When you choose a text to translate into another language, you are essentially using your privileged position as translator to create a 'canon’ for the source culture/language to be consumed by the target language/culture. During our discussion we talked about the politically charged debates around the canon (particularly Harold Bloom’s notion of the ‘Western canon’). If you could choose a non-canonical text to add to the ‘Western’ canon so that it might better represent the modern, multifaceted ‘West’ in which we live today, what would it be and why? (Choose something from the so-called ‘West,’ either originally in English/form of English from a Romance/Germanic language). 

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Today we talked about formation of the 'canon' and the importance not only of HOW to translate but also of WHAT to translate. When you choose a text to translate into another language, you are essentially using your privileged position as translator to create a 'canon’ for the source culture/language to be consumed by the target language/culture. During our discussion we talked about the politically charged debates around the canon (particularly Harold Bloom’s notion of the ‘Western canon’). If you could choose a non-canonical text to add to the ‘Western’ canon so that it might better represent the modern, multifaceted ‘West’ in which we live today, what would it be and why? (Choose something from the so-called ‘West,’ either originally in English/form of English from a Romance/Germanic language). 

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"Such immodesty was proof he did not exist for the women who filled the lobby, trying to stand where a mirror would reflect their coiffures and gowns. The furs they wore in spite of  the heat made moisture collect on their necks and bosoms. To relieve themselves of the weight, they would let their soles slip down, draping them from elbow to elbow across their backs as if they were thick festoons in a painted hunting scene. His eyes fled from what was so near yet so unattainable"

This excerpt is from The Chase by Alejo Carpentier. Translated by Alfred Mac Adam. This passage stood out to me because of the words that were used. This was translated in 1989 and the translation makes it feel like it is much older than that. It appears to be describing women and how they were dressed before a party. It makes sense but it is hard to decipher exactly what they are trying to say. I can tell that it is translated just because of the nature of the text and the point is kind of hard to come across and the words are just weird to me. There are parts of this book that is "invisible" but many parts stick out and have obvious traces of translation.
I would have tried to do the same but the wordiness makes me a little confused so i would have tried to get to the point!

-Jose Espinal

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"As if of wax

And by chance

Cold in the dish

Growing late

The pear is a fruit

Burnt offering

To life, like

A breast exhausted

Among bananas

Extraneous

And apples, candid

Ruddy, content

The poor pear:

Who brings it to be?"

This is a poem by a famous Brazilian artist called Vinicius de Moraes. It talks about a pear, and how it is in a vase with bananas and apples, but the deep meaning of this poem is that people are different and sometimes excluded from society by being different. The text is translated to the literal way, it has no poetry to it, as it exists in Portuguese, and it makes the sense of difference disappear. In this translation it is a crude and direct shift to english, the translator didn't perhaps understand the meaning of the poem, or rather the meaning behind it.

-Bruna Zucchi

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"On 1 March, as I was standing by Territorial Ikmann, who was to fall not long afterwards, a shell landed the other side of a tarpaulin next to us. The splinters fizzed past us without hurting either of us. When we examined them later, we found hideously long and sharp steel needles that had sliced through the cloth. We called these things 'whizz-bangs' or 'grapeshot', because we could never hear them coming; it was like suddenly being in the middle of a whirring cloud of splinters."

This excerpt is from Ernest Junger's Storm of Steel. It tells the story of World War II through the eyes of a German soldier. Published in English in 2004 by Penguin, this novel was translated by Michael Hofmann. Given when the novel is set, the formality of the language in its original language is expected. However, this one takes on a more modern language being that it was translated in 2004, making me wonder whether the text was translated more casually than it was originally. If I had not known the original publication date, this would have come off as very natural to me. Overall, the text flows well. The words don't feel too choppy or out of place, making them 'invisible'. However, a few things stick out, making it sound foreign. First off, in English, repetitiveness is noticeable. At one point, he says the word 'us' twice in a sentence. It comes off as sounding odd and, of course, repetitive. Typically, you don't see that in originally English work. It was also odd that it was "On 1 March" instead of "On March 1st." It goes against typical English language. Also, 'fizzed' is an odd descriptor word in the context of that sentence. I

If anything, those are the only two things I would change. I would use a different descriptor than 'fizzed'. I would make it "On March 1st" and change the repetitiveness of that sentence. There was also a typo (missing word at the beginning), but that can happen to anyone. Other than that, the piece flowed pretty well.

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"Well, Sir Naturalist," said the Canadian, in a slightly jovial tone, "and the Mediterranean?"
"We are floating on its surface friend Ned."
"What!" said Conseil, "This very night?"
"Yes this very night; in a few minutes we have passed this impassable isthmus."

"Perhaps in China; you know the Nautilus is a rapid traveller. It goes through water as it swallows through the air, or as an express on the land. It does not fear frequented seas; who can say that it may be attempted as advantageously as here."

These texts are apart of Jules Verne's Twenty Thousand Leagues Under The Sea and translated by Mercier Lewis. The book is set in the late 1800's about a submarine vessel named the Nautilus. This particular section is about their entering into the Mediterranean Sea and the future of the crew's mission in the Nautilus.

These texts I believe show a lower level of invisibility due to the 'clunkiness' of the grammar. For instance in the first text how the dialogue was broken up by many prepositional phrases.
The second text shows even less invisibility because of the choice of  adjectives and the sentence structure. "It goes through water as it swallows through the air,"  is a good example of the translator using his artist expression to create a more poetic story by manipulating the English language. An element of 'foreignness' can be detected especially in the way the two crew members address each other. 'Sir' and 'Friend' seem old similar to saying Signor... or even Paesan...

I would have done the same because it creates a better and more interesting story because of its unique 'foreigners' that the translator uses in its dialogue.

Nick Esposito

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"Ah Pao and Her Foolish Lover" from Chinese Ghost and Love Stories 

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"Ah Pao and Her Foolish Lover" from Chinese Ghost and Love Stories 

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"In the Province of Kwangsi lived a scholar of repute, by name Sun Tsechu. He was born with six fingers and was of so simple a nature that he readily believed people who fooled him. If he happened to be in any gathering and singing girls appeared, instantly he would look away and then take to flight."

"The Great Judge examined the Register of Spirits and then remarked that it was not yet time for her to die."

These excerpts are from a relatively short love story that was translated quite invisibly in the 1940s.
I believe that the first quote has different wording from what we would read today, but it it seems to have similar language to what I have read in older texts. The idea that the author stay invisible is supported by the second quote by their use of "The Great Judge" and "Register of Spirits." We can conclude that The Great Judge is God and he determines (judges) when it is time for people to die. Through this, the author remains invisible while keeping the "foreigness" of the text, allowing the translated text to replace the original.

-Cody Blackburn

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"Six Records of a Floating Life" excerpt

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"Six Records of a Floating Life" excerpt

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"During the summer, whenever I heard the sound of mosquitoes swarming, I would pretend they were a flock of cranes dancing across the open sky, and in my imagination they actually would become hundreds of cranes.  At night I would let mosquitoes into my mosquito netting, blow smoke at them, and imagine that what I saw were white cranes soaring across blue clouds."  (p. 55)

This is an excerpt from Shen Fu's "Six Records of a Floating Life," which is originally in Chinese. While the book translates well into English, I don't think it could be considered an invisible translation. You can tell because of how the text repeats the words "cranes" and "mosquito." A native English speaker would not repeat these words in the manner that they are repeated here. There are a few other instances of this throughout the story, and it makes the reading feel a little bit awkward. It makes me wonder if this is how the language is really spoken in Chinese; do they actually speak in this manner? One thing I really enjoyed was how descriptive the writing is. Overall, the piece is translated well - but it's definitely not an invisible translation.

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You have chosen an English translation of some work of literature originally written in a foreign language (if you are a native speaker of another language, you may use a translation in that language if you prefer)! Choose a brief passage from your text and analyze it for "invisibility." To what degree is it invisible or visible--has the translator completely domesticated the text or does an element of 'foreignness' remain? What do you think about the translator's approach--would you have done the same
?

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Bruna Zucchi- portuguese word "calorenta" and "friorenta"

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Bruna Zucchi- portuguese word "calorenta" and "friorenta"

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The term "calorenta", in Portuguese, relates to a person who is hot all the time, or a person who is sensitive to the cold. And the other way around, the term "friorenta" relates to a person who is cold all the time, or a person who is sensitive to the hot.
Brazilians are usually called friorentos due to the fact that in Brazil is really hot and when it gets a little cold or when we travel, we usually complain about the cold, even if it is nice weather.

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"La douleur exquise," quite literally translated as "the exquisite pain." The French use this term to refer to the pain that you feel when the one you love does not return the same feelings and perhaps never will.
It's fitting that the French have this word as they are often thought of as very romantic people with a very romantic country. The thought of falling in love in Paris in the spring is one of those things that everyone dreams of (and is portrayed in any cheesy rom-com), but it does not always work out the way we plan, so perhaps they created this word to express the pain of knowing the one you love will never feel the same way, whether it be the wrong time or simply the wrong person.

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Gattara is a term for elderly women who take care of stray cats. It's not just any type of person. It''s an elderly person, which makes it funnier that it would be so specific. I think this is because of the role of a mother in Italy. I don't know if this is accurate, but I've always seen mothers as being very important in Italian culture, not that they are not in America. Italian Grandmas' cooking or your common perception of Italian grandmas makes me think that's why they may be pointed out. I've always imaged Italian grandmas as being loving of everyone, letting everyone in, even if it's stray cats. Explanation or not, I found this term funny. 

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Gattara is a term for elderly women who take care of stray cats. It's not just any type of person. It''s an elderly person, which makes it funnier that it would be so specific. I think this is because of the role of a mother in Italy. I don't know if this is accurate, but I've always seen mothers as being very important in Italian culture, not that they are not in America. Italian Grandmas' cooking or your common perception of Italian grandmas makes me think that's why they may be pointed out. I've always imaged Italian grandmas as being loving of everyone, letting everyone in, even if it's stray cats. Explanation or not, I found this term funny. 

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Spanish word: Madrugada
Madrugada means the time of day that is after midnight but before early morning (6-7am). Usually my mom will use it to describe the time of night I got home or whenever I have to get up really early to take someone to the airport for their 6am flight.
Example: "Jose llego en la madrugada, que callejero!" or "Me levante en la madrugada para llevar a mi hermana al aeropuerto"
I think it exists in the spanish language because we love to go out dancing and get home late! Or whenever holidays come around we sit and talk for hours on end as we are casually drinking and enjoying each others company. So instead of saying "late night" or "early morning" they came up with this great word because really, does 3 or 4am fit one of those time slots?!

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Meriggiare

Meriggiare is a verb that means to escape the heat of midday sun by resting in the shade. I believe it exists because of Italians love for their summers. During this time, Italians flock to the shores and enjoy their days at the beach, but every once a while, the sun may be too much, especially to some one with fair skin like me. In our culture I believe we are work conscious and we look to escape work by resting in the sun, rather than the shade for the high noon.
Personally I think its a very pretty word and thats no coincidence as its origin is Italian!

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The term "abbiocco," in Italian, roughly translates to "the drowsiness that follows eating a big meal."  Honestly, the fact that Italians have this word does not surprise me, especially considering that Italians are so well-known for how much they love food.  However, I feel like this is something that many people around the world experience at least once - so why doesn't everyone have a word for this feeling?  I also feel like some cultures do not center their entire culture around food like the Italians, which may explain why this happened.

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Next task! Pick a word or two from a language you know that doesn't have a perfect English translation! Explain to us what it means, more or less, and offer a hypothesis for why it might exist in one language or culture and not in another.  

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Next task! Pick a word or two from a language you know that doesn't have a perfect English translation! Explain to us what it means, more or less, and offer a hypothesis for why it might exist in one language or culture and not in another.  

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Should I compare you to a summer day? You are more radiant and mild: furious winds shake tender gems of may and the course of the summer has a life too short.

Sometimes, too hot does the sky’s eye shine and often his face of gold is darkened and every beauty diminishes, stripped from the case, from nature’s everchanging course. But your eternal summer need not fade nor lose possession of the beauty that you have; nor death boast that you are vague in his shadow, because time counteracts your eternity: Until there be breath or eyes to see, these verses will have light and with them, a life you will be given.

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Translating from Spanish

How should I compare you to a summer day?

You are more lovely and gentle.

The buds of May tremble through the winds

and the summer is short and does not last long at all.

At times the eye of the sun shines too bright

and at other times the complexion of gold goes dark;

All beauty soon declines,

Wrinkled by luck or because of time.

But your summer will be eternal.

You will not lose your grace, neither will death
boast of overshadowing your steps

When you grow in your immortal verses.

You will live while someone sees and feels

And this will live, giving you life.

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Translating from Italian

Should I compare you to a summers day?

You are well more radiant and gentle:

Furious winds shake the tender gems of May and the summer’s course lives too short.

Sometimes the blazing sun shines on the eye of heaven and often its golden face grows dim and at times from beauty its comes off, stripped from the possibility or the unstable course of nature.

But your eternal summer will not fade or lose possession of the beauty that you have, nor death to boast that you travel in its shadow, because at times you will counteract your eternity:

As longs as there is a breath or eyes to see these verses it will be the light that will give you life

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Translating from Italian

Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?

You are more radiant and temperate:

Intense winds shake the gentle buds of May

And the course of summer has too short a life

Sometimes too fiery the eye of the heavens shines

And often his face of gold clouds

And everything beautiful sometimes disconnects

Bare from the case or the changing course of nature

But your eternal summer must never fade

Nor lose possession of the beauty that you have

Nor shall death praise that you are in its shade

Because time will oppose your eternity

As long as we can breathe or eyes will see

This verse will have light and give you life

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Translating from Portuguese

How should I compare you to a summer day?

You are much more kind and more pleasant: the winds blow the sweet buds of May,

And the summer ends before we can even start it:

At times, the sun throws his hot rays,

Or hides his golden face under the mist;

And everything that is beautiful one day is over,

It being by an accident or by its own nature;

However your endless summer never extinguishes,

Neither it loses the freshness that only you have;

Not even death will come drag you under the shadow,

When the verses raise you to eternity:

While humanity is able to breathe and see,

My chant will live, and it will make you alive.

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Before we begin talking about the various and sundry issues of translation, I want you to put yourself in a translator's shoes (or as we say in Italian, put yourself in the translator's "laundry" -- nei panni di un traduttore). To your right, you'll see four sonnets in French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian. Choose the language with which you feel most comfortable. Take a stab at an English translation of the poem -- it may help to copy  into a word document while you work --  and paste your final product in a separate box. Use www.wordreference.com or a paper dictionary if you need help with a word. Make sure you mention the language with which you worked! If you've never used Padlet, replying is super easy. All you do is click an area on the page that has not yet been filled with text and a text box will open up for you. (P.S. there is no "right" answer!)

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Cody Blackburn:
Translating from French

Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? You are more pleasant and tempered. The violent winds fell the soft buds of May, and the time of summer is too short lasting.

At times the eye of the heavens shines too feverently and sometimes its golden complexion fades. All of which is beautifully finished by stripping of the beauty, the degradation, either by accident, or by the changing times of nature.

But your eternal summer will not whither and will not be robbed of its graces. Death will not brag when which you wander under his shade, as you will grow in the future towards eternity.

Such as men will breathe and as the eyes can see, this is to live and to give life.

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Te comparerai-je à un jour d’été ? Tu es plus aimable et plus tempéré. Les vents violents font tomber les tendres bourgeons de mai, et le bail de l’été est de trop courte durée. /// Tantôt l’œil du ciel brille trop ardemment, et tantôt son teint d’or se ternit. Tout ce qui est beau finit par déchoir du beau, dégradé, soit par accident, soit par le cours changeant de la nature. /// Mais ton éternel été ne se flétrira pas et ne sera pas dépossédé de tes grâces. La mort ne se vantera pas de ce que tu erres sous son ombre, quand tu grandiras dans l’avenir en vers éternels. /// Tant que les hommes respireront et que les yeux pourront voir, ceci vivra et te donnera la vie.

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Te comparerai-je à un jour d’été ? Tu es plus aimable et plus tempéré. Les vents violents font tomber les tendres bourgeons de mai, et le bail de l’été est de trop courte durée. /// Tantôt l’œil du ciel brille trop ardemment, et tantôt son teint d’or se ternit. Tout ce qui est beau finit par déchoir du beau, dégradé, soit par accident, soit par le cours changeant de la nature. /// Mais ton éternel été ne se flétrira pas et ne sera pas dépossédé de tes grâces. La mort ne se vantera pas de ce que tu erres sous son ombre, quand tu grandiras dans l’avenir en vers éternels. /// Tant que les hommes respireront et que les yeux pourront voir, ceci vivra et te donnera la vie.

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¿A un día de verano compararte?
Más hermosura y suavidad posees.
Tiembla el brote de mayo bajo el viento
y el estío no dura casi nada.

A veces demasiado brilla el ojo solar
y otras su tez de oro se apaga;
toda belleza alguna vez declina,
ajada por la suerte o por el tiempo.

Pero eterno será el verano tuyo.
No perderás la gracia, ni la Muerte
se jactará de ensombrecer tus pasos

cuando crezcas en versos inmortales.
Vivirás mientras alguien vea y sienta
y esto pueda vivir y te dé vida.

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Como hei de comparar-te a um dia de verão? És muito mais amável e mais amena: Os ventos sopram os doces botões de maio, E o verão finda antes que possamos começá-lo: Por vezes, o sol lança seus cálidos raios, Ou esconde o rosto dourado sob a névoa; E tudo que é belo um dia acaba, Seja pelo acaso ou por sua natureza; Mas teu eterno verão jamais se extingue, Nem perde o frescor que só tu possuis; Nem a Morte virá arrastar-te sob a sombra, Quando os versos te elevarem à eternidade: Enquanto a humanidade puder respirar e ver, Viverá meu canto, e ele te fará viver.

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Como hei de comparar-te a um dia de verão? És muito mais amável e mais amena: Os ventos sopram os doces botões de maio, E o verão finda antes que possamos começá-lo: Por vezes, o sol lança seus cálidos raios, Ou esconde o rosto dourado sob a névoa; E tudo que é belo um dia acaba, Seja pelo acaso ou por sua natureza; Mas teu eterno verão jamais se extingue, Nem perde o frescor que só tu possuis; Nem a Morte virá arrastar-te sob a sombra, Quando os versos te elevarem à eternidade: Enquanto a humanidade puder respirar e ver, Viverá meu canto, e ele te fará viver.

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Dovrei paragonarti ad un giorno d'estate? Tu sei ben più raggiante e mite: venti furiosi scuotono le tenere gemme di maggio e il corso dell'estate ha vita troppo breve. /// talvolta troppo cocente splende l'occhio del cielo e spesso il suo volto d'oro si rabbuia e ogni bello talvolta da beltà si stacca, spoglio dal caso o dal mutevole corso di natura.  /// Ma la tua eterna estate non dovrà sfiorire nè perdere possesso del bello che tu hai; nè morte vantarsi che vaghi nella sua ombra, perchè al tempo contrasterai la tua eternità: finchè ci sarà un respiro od occhi per vedere questi versi avranno luce e ti daranno vita. 

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Dovrei paragonarti ad un giorno d'estate? Tu sei ben più raggiante e mite: venti furiosi scuotono le tenere gemme di maggio e il corso dell'estate ha vita troppo breve. /// talvolta troppo cocente splende l'occhio del cielo e spesso il suo volto d'oro si rabbuia e ogni bello talvolta da beltà si stacca, spoglio dal caso o dal mutevole corso di natura.  /// Ma la tua eterna estate non dovrà sfiorire nè perdere possesso del bello che tu hai; nè morte vantarsi che vaghi nella sua ombra, perchè al tempo contrasterai la tua eternità: finchè ci sarà un respiro od occhi per vedere questi versi avranno luce e ti daranno vita. 