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Select committees are panels set up for some specific purpose, most often, for a limited time. A select committee is usually created by a resolution that outlines its duties and powers and the procedures for appointing members. Select committees are often investigative in nature, rather than legislative, though some select and special committees have the authority to draft and report legislation.

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What is the purpose of  select committees?

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What is the purpose of  select committees?

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Select committees are sometimes formed to investigate an issue in order to focus the public attention on that matter.

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Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities

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Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities

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The Senate Watergate, known officially as the Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities,  Committee was a special committee established by the United States Senate, in 1973, to investigate the Watergate scandal, with the power to investigate the break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate office complex in Washington, D.C., and any subsequent cover-up of criminal activity, as well as "all other illegal, improper, or unethical conduct occurring during the presidential election of 1972, including political espionage and campaign finance practices".  The committee played a pivotal role in gathering evidence that would lead to the indictment of forty administration officials and the conviction of several of Nixon's aides for obstruction of justice and other crimes. Its revelations prompted the impeachment process against Richard Nixon, which featured the introduction of articles of impeachment against the President in the House of Representatives, which led to Nixon's resignation on August 9, 1974.

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A select committee generally expires on completion of its designated duties, though they can be renewed. Several select committees are treated as standing committees by House and Senate rules, and are permanent fixtures in both bodies continuing from one congress to the next. Examples of this are the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence in the House and the Select Committee on Intelligence in the Senate.

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In May 2014, the House of Representatives voted to create the United States House Select Committee on Benghazi to investigate the 2012 attack on a U.S. compound in Benghazi, Libya. The committee spent more than $7.8 million on its investigation over two and a half years, issued its final report in December 2016, and shut down at the conclusion of the 114th Congress.[16] The committee was one of the "one of the longest, costliest and most bitterly partisan congressional investigations in history,"[17] lasting longer than the congressional inquiries into 9/11, Watergate, the assassination of President Kennedy, and the attack on Pearl Harbor.