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Persia Attacks Asia Minor and the Persian War

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Persia Attacks Asia Minor and the Persian War

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-Around 500 b.c. the Persians had attacked the Greeks in Asia Minor for rebelling. The conflicted lasted till 497 b.c. known as the Persian Wars

-Persian Ruler Darius had wanted to punish the Athens for helping the rebels during the Persian war. His army had invaded Greece nut was attacked by the Athenians. The Athenians had defeated the Persian, leaving an uneasy 10 year peace

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480 B.C. Xerxes the ruler of the Persians had set a fleet against Greece. The Greece leaders soon found out so several of the Greek city states had united with each other to stop the Persians, the Persians then had to menouver and find another way so they passed through the mountain passes only to find at least 300 Spartans. The Greeks had held the passes for at least 3 days, the Persians found another way to get through he mountains and surrounded the Greeks, the Spartans were outnumbered but still insisted on fighting.

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Age of Pericles and The Peloponnesian War

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Age of Pericles and The Peloponnesian War

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-During Pericles rule, (461 b.c. - 429 b.c.) Athen had reached the peak of political power and wealth. Along with democracy increase, making Athen the most democratic government in history

-Around 431 b.c. war broke out due to Pericles trying to force unity across Greece, the battle had lasted about 27 years.

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Similarities: Both city-states both had distinct social groups, both having Spartan or Athen born men having the most political power in their homes.

Differences: Sparta and Athen have very different norms between one another, In Sparta boys ages 8-20 are to train in a military camp for war, and cannot return home after going to battle once. Athenians were more of a political society, Athenian born men have the most political power, allowing them to vote, and hold office.

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The Athenians started their government as a aristocratic meaning on,y citizens that owned land could be held in office. They voted for generals when war was to come and they also elected 9 rulers who served one year terms.
They then elected Solon who soon created the systems to a democratic because he freed slaves and erased the debts of poors saving the city.

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-citizens were either rich aristocrats or poor farmers
-only Athenian-born men had full political rights, women couldn’t vote nor hold office
-People who were born outside of Athens were consider as “Metics”. They usually worked as merchants or artisans, didn’t have and political rights
-Slaves being at the bottom of the social ranks, were either captured from war or kidnapped, they irked for their masters and sometimes they were freed
-Having fairly bad environment for crop growth, Athenians went to sailing. Trading goods from their home to get foods and other merchandise

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Five Characteristics about Spartan society 

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Five Characteristics about Spartan society 

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- Gave young boys dogs to raise and made them kill them in later life.
- Bathe their children in wine to "toughen their skins".
- Highly militarized society (controlling lives over citizens).
- High standards for men and women to be the ideal image.
- Did not create much art or literature, science, and phyliosiphy.

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-Had two kings for the head of government, one led the army, while the other took care of the homeland.
-Having a group of 28 men for council, they proposed laws to the kings and served as judges