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The 1991 Gulf War started on August 2nd 1990.  The war started in Kuwait.  Iraq’s leader, Saddam Hussein, ordered the invasion of Kuwait with the goal to have that nations large oil reserves. On August 3rd the United Nations Security Council called for Iraq to withdraw from Kuwait, and on August 6th the council imposed a worldwide ban on trade with Iraq. Iraq  built up its army in Kuwait to about 300,000 troops.

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On January 16th, 1991, President George H. W. Bush announced the start of what would be called Operation Desert Storm. This was a military operation to force out occupying Iraqi forces from Kuwait, which Iraq had invaded and annexed months earlier. the United States put 900,000 troops in the Iraq nation, most of them were on the Saudi-Iraq border.

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United States Marines entering Kuwait during the Persian Gulf War, February 1991.

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United States Marines entering Kuwait during the Persian Gulf War, February 1991.

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The Iraqi government responded by formally annexing Kuwait on August 8th. Iraq's invasion and the potential threat it then posed to Saudi Arabia, the world's largest oil producer and exporter, caused the United States and its western European  North Atlantic Treaty Organization Allies to rush troops to Saudi Arabia to turn aside a possible attack.

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Troops of the U.S. 1st Cavalry Division deploy across the Saudi desert on November 4, 1990, during preparations prior to the Gulf War

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Troops of the U.S. 1st Cavalry Division deploy across the Saudi desert on November 4, 1990, during preparations prior to the Gulf War

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The 1991 Gulf War ended on February 28th, 1991. After 42 days of relentless attacks by the allied union in the air and on the ground, U.S. President George H.W. Bush declared a cease-fire on February 28th; by that time, most Iraqi forces in Kuwait had either surrendered or left.

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What Happened in the Persian Gulf War? | History

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This war liberated Kuwait from Iraqi occupation with fewer than 300 coalition combat deaths against the world's fourth largest army. It also banished the ghosts of the Vietnam war and restored the reputation of America's military. The invasion of Kuwait led to a United Nations Security Council ban on Iraq and a U.S.-led coalition air and ground war, which began on January 16th, 1991, and ended with an Iraqi defeat and retreat from Kuwait on February 28th, 1991.

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I chose to do this topic because I was interested on what happening in the 1991 Gulf War. My thoughts going into this project was that I was going to find out more about what happened in this war. I enjoyed learning about the effects of the war.

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Augustyn, Adam. “Persian Gulf War.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2021, www.britannica.com/event/Persian-Gulf-War.

Chanel, History, director. What Happened in the Persian Gulf War? | History. YouTube, YouTube, 15 Sept. 2017, www.youtube.com/watch?v=xl_lctDXHuQ.

Onion, Amanda. “Persian Gulf War.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 9 Nov. 2009, www.history.com/topics/middle-east/persian-gulf-war.

Taylor, Alan. “Operation Desert Storm: 25 Years Since the First Gulf War.” The Atlantic, Atlantic Media Company, 14 Jan. 2016, www.theatlantic.com/photo/2016/01/operation-desert-storm-25-years-since-the-first-gulf-war/424191/.