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Microcontroller for control of the operation

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Microcontroller for control of the operation

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for programming to draw Nikolas Haus

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TS: Make use of Arduino for control
--> DS: Arduino UNO
ESP32

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Students aged(20-30yrs) irrespective of the Gender.

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Used in indoor environment
eg: Lab or office

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For drawing Nikolas Haus

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XY Plotter Robot Kit is a drawing robot that can move a pen or other instrument to draw digital artwork on flat surface

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To draw Nikolas Haus on a sheet of paper

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100mm*100mm page size

the maximum size of Nikolaus house has to be maximum of 70 x 70  mm^2

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Max Weight less than 2 kg

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Motors should be selected in such a way that they have high rpm to complete the entire drawings within a time limit of 1 minute.

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The size of the X Y plotter should be 300*300*300 mm

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For ease of carrying.

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The maximum time for a drawing should be less than 1 minute all the time.

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For ease of transportation

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The plotter should be compact along with easy to fix options. So that it can diassembled and assembled which makes the portability of the plotter easy.

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The plotter should be easy to use without any need of special knowledge regarding the plotter

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The body of the plotter should withstand a small drops to the ground without any damage in working of the machine.

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The wires should not be visible and should be neat.

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To draw different images and text fed to the plotter

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Self adjusting gripper in which any type of pen can be used.

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Atleast 6 months

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Battery operated or
AC power source

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Good UI for ease of operation controlling the XY plotter.

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The Pen holder should be capable of holding the pen without dropping and fixing a pen should not involve any complex operations.

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Functionality for additional drawings and text should also there 

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Functionality for additional drawings and text should also there 

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Predefined drawing should be available in a ready to use toolbox in the GUI of the plotter for ease of use.

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The wiring should be properly insulated and prevent electrical shocks

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The speed should be optimal in such a way that the noise is less.

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suitable for different pens and paper sizes

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Some of the main parts will have easy to lactch mechanism like snap locks.

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Body of the plotter should not be disturbed by vibrations during the operations.

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Mechanical parts should be water and dust resistance

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Mechanical parts should be water and dust resistance

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Ease of assembly of mechanical components using basic tools

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Ease of assembly of mechanical components using basic tools

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A physical switch to shut down the plotter in case of emergency

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A physical switch to shut down the plotter in case of emergency

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Ability to be controlled with wireless communication

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Ability to be controlled with wireless communication

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Connectivity through WIFI / Bluetooth which are easy to use and is available in all the smartphone.

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Use buttons with labelling to control the plotter as required.

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The body of the X Y plotter is made using PLA plastic which has a toughness of

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A turret or a mupltiple pen holder which can hold more than 1 pen/ markers.

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High gauge wires to be used so that they are flexible and easy to route.

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The plotter should operate without any technical problems for 100 cycles or 6 months

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Motors for the three axial motion of pen and base.

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Yet when you are in a stationery store that sells lots of different pens they all look similar in length. This means that the pen manufacturers must have done testing to find the optimal length of their pens. So we dug a little deeper well actually a lot deeper and looked at the length of the pens that are sold by one of the major online retailers to find out how long is a pen?

The total number of pens used in this study is 8200 which includes ball pens, brush pens, gel pens, fountain pens, and various types of markers pens. This is not 8,200 different pens as some will be duplicates of the same pen and may just have different colors or tip sizes. But as we are just trying to find out how long is an average size pen so it does not really matter.

The pens In this chart include several different types of pens so we thought we would take a look at each type and see if there is any difference in the average length compared to the average. If you are unsure about what the difference is between a ballpoint, gel, or rollerball pen the check out our guide on ballpoint, rollerball, or gel pen which pen is best for you?.

Lazio Biro invented the ballpoint point and filed his first patent in March 1946 the patent is quite detailed about the ink delivery and ball mechanism but unfortunately, we do not know how long it was as the actual length of Biro's pen does not seem to be included. However, we do know how long a modern ballpoint pen is.

The length of 415 ballpoint pens was stated on the retailer's website that was for sale and we can see that the average length of a ballpoint pen is between 130 and 140mm, 13 - 14 cm or 5.11 - 5.51 inches. This is exactly the same length as the average length of a pen that took all the different types of pens into account.

How Long is a Bic Crystal Pen?

Marcel Bich bought Biros patent in the 1950s and formed the Bic pen Company and hence the legendary Bic Crystal ballpoint pen was born for those who may be wondering how long is a Bic Crystal Pen? It is 149mm, 14.9cm, or 5 ⁷⁄ ₈ inches.

So you now know what the average length of a ballpoint pen is but how far does it write? If you want to know check out our post How Far Will a Ballpoint Pen Write? You may be quite surprised at the answer, not all ballpoint pens are born equal and there is a massive difference between the longest writing ballpoint pens and the average.

Brush pens followed the trend of the most popular pen length being between 130 -140 mm long. For the study, the length of 1161 pens was measured with a total of 396 falling in the range of 130 -140mm which is the average length of a pen. The next highest number of pens was 219 which measured between 180-190 mm in length.

This is a lot higher than any other type of pen which makes you think that some artists must prefer having a brush pen that is a lot longer than the average length of a pen. I am not an artist but suspect it probably has something to do with the balance of the pen and quite possibly is closer in size to an artist's paintbrush.

It could be reasonable to assume that the optimum length of the fountain pen was perfected during this time for balance, comfort, and general writing performance. When Biro made his ballpoint pens he copied the length of what was already available and all the modern pen manufacturers have followed suit.

This could also explain why a typical compact fountain pen measures between 100 and 110mm which is the same range as compact ballpoint pens.

Gel Pens are a relatively modern pen and were invented by the Japanese Pen manufacturer Sakura in the early 1980s. They had spent many years developing the technology. As you can see from the graph the most popular length of gel pens falls between 140 - 150mm which is slightly longer than ballpoint pens. But why would the gel pen manufacturers choose to make their pens longer than the typical average length of a pen, which is the most common size of both ball pens and fountain pens?

How Long is a Pilot G2 Pen

The Pilot G2 pen is one of the most popular gel pens there is and rightly so as it is a great pen. If you are not familiar with the Pilot G2 then check out The complete guide to Pilot G2 Pens for more information. But what about the length of the pen, how long is a Pilot G2 Pen It is 143mm, 14.3cm, or 5.6 inches.

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Yet when you are in a stationery store that sells lots of different pens they all look similar in length. This means that the pen manufacturers must have done testing to find the optimal length of their pens.

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Length:  from 40 mm up to 150 mm long
Diameter: from 8mm to 20mm

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The pen holder should hold the pen using simple locking mechanism

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The noise level of operation has to be less < 50 dB(A).

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Flat surface of 150mm*150mm

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the base of the plotter should not vibrate more than 1mm during the plotting operation and the vibrations should not be visible.

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For ability to program Arduino and ESP microcontrollers.
The microcontroller of the plotter should receive form the PC a “HPGL-File”. This file has at first only a reduced syntax:

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Software to write G Codes for the plotter

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Software to write G Codes for the plotter

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Inkspace SW has the in-built function to generate G codes.

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buttons for:
1. START
2.EMERGENCY OFF SWITCH
3. BASE PROGRAM SELECTION BUTTON

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The ability to change to sketch from Nikolas haus to some other sketches

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The ability to change to sketch from Nikolas haus to some other sketches

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Predefined drawing should be available in a ready to use toolbox in the GUI of the plotter for ease of use.

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Take plotting speed as an Input from the User

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Take plotting speed as an Input from the User

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Use of  an input variable to get the desired plotting speed from the user.

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Proper formatted documentation of Programs

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Proper formatted documentation of Programs

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All the base functions and codes are to be documented with supporting comments and additional files for ease of user understanding and further modification of the codes by the user

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12V power supply for motors
5V supply for microcontroller

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When the device is about to start it notifies with a LED blink and continues to glow when the device is working and stops when the device stops.

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insulation against water and external factors which might cause some malfunction

Testing and classification as per above standards

Application of a CE mark

Issuing of a "Declaration of Performance" (DOP)

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Using Bluetooth (BLE)or Wi-Fi for communication with the microcontroller using smartphones.

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3 motor for controlling xyz axes.
each motor of 5v specification

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All the parts to be fixed with mechanical fasteners so that they don't move during the operation of the plotter.

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Should  be charged by usb -C charging port.

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The Plotter should be easy to power on through AC or DC supply without need of any complex connections

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gear pulley and move pulley are used to move the belt

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Belts were used to link an idlerpulley and the rotating shaft of thestepper motor working under no slipcondition.

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Belts were used to link an idlerpulley and the rotating shaft of thestepper motor working under no slipcondition.

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is used in construction
material: stainless steel

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it is working with the help of stepper motor which doesn't have feedback but has counter which makes it cheaper and efficient nd a special mechanism to raise and lower the pen

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it is working with the help of stepper motor which doesn't have feedback but has counter which makes it cheaper and efficient nd a special mechanism to raise and lower the pen

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it is working in 2 coordinate system in order to draw continuous vector graphics

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it is working in 2 coordinate system in order to draw continuous vector graphics

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Movement should be linear, smooth and free of yammering

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Movement should be linear, smooth and free of yammering

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(0,0) at the bottom left hand corner

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Home position for the pen to rest after completing an operation

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Home position for the pen to rest after completing an operation

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For ease of user understanding of the plotter a written document should be made available with comments on the code

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For ease of user understanding of the plotter a written document should be made available with comments on the code

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micro switch: 20 x 10 [mm] Designed to control the movement of a mechanical component

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micro switch: 20 x 10 [mm] Designed to control the movement of a mechanical component

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bolts and nuts:
• use standard machine screws (i.e.
socket head, hexagon,
 M4 x (8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 25)
 M5 x (10, 12, 16, 20, 25, 30)
 M6 x (16, 20, 25, 30, 35)

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The software programming should stop when the button is activated and restart again when the button is released.