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Anti-religious sneers are a hallmark of perpetual adolescents.

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Anti-religious sneers are a hallmark of perpetual adolescents.

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Camille Paglia

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When we blindly adopt a religion, a political system, a literary dogma, we become automatons. We cease to grow.

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When we blindly adopt a religion, a political system, a literary dogma, we become automatons. We cease to grow.

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Anaïs Nin

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This is my simple religion. There is no need for temples; no need for complicated philosophy. Our own brain, our own heart is our temple; the philosophy is kindness.

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This is my simple religion. There is no need for temples; no need for complicated philosophy. Our own brain, our own heart is our temple; the philosophy is kindness.

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Tenzin Gyatso (14th Dalai Lama)

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I am a deeply religious nonbeliever – this is a somewhat new kind of religion.

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I am a deeply religious nonbeliever – this is a somewhat new kind of religion.

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Albert Einstein

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Doubt is part of all religion. All the religious thinkers were doubters.

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Doubt is part of all religion. All the religious thinkers were doubters.

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Isaac Bashevis Singer

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I never knew how to worship until I knew how to love.

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I never knew how to worship until I knew how to love.

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Henry Ward Beecher

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The enemies of the Christian religion and the Law of God confuse law with faith.

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The enemies of the Christian religion and the Law of God confuse law with faith.

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Randall Terry

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To speak the plain truth, all religions seem alike to me, one mass of absurdities and lies. I know that there is a God, but I know no more of him; and I believe that all those are liars who pretend to know more than I do.

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To speak the plain truth, all religions seem alike to me, one mass of absurdities and lies. I know that there is a God, but I know no more of him; and I believe that all those are liars who pretend to know more than I do.

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Mary Martha Sherwood

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Happiness is a mystery, like religion, and should never be rationalised.

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Happiness is a mystery, like religion, and should never be rationalised.

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G.K. Chesterton

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There is nothing in our book, the Koran, that teaches us to suffer peacefully. Our religion teaches us to be intelligent.

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There is nothing in our book, the Koran, that teaches us to suffer peacefully. Our religion teaches us to be intelligent.

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Malcolm X

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The truths of religion are never so well understood as by those who have lost the power of reason.

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The truths of religion are never so well understood as by those who have lost the power of reason.

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Voltaire

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The faith religious believers have in God is small compared to the faith people put in politicians, knowing how many times they have been disappointed in the past but still insisting that this time it will be different.

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The faith religious believers have in God is small compared to the faith people put in politicians, knowing how many times they have been disappointed in the past but still insisting that this time it will be different.

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Jonathan Sacks

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The ultimate authority must always rest with the individual’s own reason and critical analysis.

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The ultimate authority must always rest with the individual’s own reason and critical analysis.

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Tenzin Gyatso (14th Dalai Lama)

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All religion, my friend, is simply evolved out of fraud, fear, greed, imagination, and poetry.

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All religion, my friend, is simply evolved out of fraud, fear, greed, imagination, and poetry.

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Edgar Allan Poe

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Did God invent us, or did we invent God?

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Did God invent us, or did we invent God?

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Eddie Izzard

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Religion is part of the human make-up. It’s also part of our cultural and intellectual history. Religion was our first attempt at literature, the texts, our first attempt at cosmology, making sense of where we are in the universe, our first attempt at health care, believing in faith healing, our first attempt at philosophy.

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Religion is part of the human make-up. It’s also part of our cultural and intellectual history. Religion was our first attempt at literature, the texts, our first attempt at cosmology, making sense of where we are in the universe, our first attempt at health care, believing in faith healing, our first attempt at philosophy.

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Christopher Hitchens

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Religion is something left over from the infancy of our intelligence, it will fade away as we adopt reason and science as our guidelines.

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Religion is something left over from the infancy of our intelligence, it will fade away as we adopt reason and science as our guidelines.

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Bertrand Russell

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I think students should know something about religion as a historical phenomenon, in the same way that they should know something about socialism and humanism and the other great ideas that have shaped political philosophies and therefore the course of human events.

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I think students should know something about religion as a historical phenomenon, in the same way that they should know something about socialism and humanism and the other great ideas that have shaped political philosophies and therefore the course of human events.

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Steven Pinker

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The Christian religion not only was at first attended with miracles, but even at this day cannot be believed by any reasonable person without one.

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The Christian religion not only was at first attended with miracles, but even at this day cannot be believed by any reasonable person without one.

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David Hume

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Any time scientists disagree, it’s because we have insufficient data. Then we can agree on what kind of data to get; we get the data; and the data solves the problem. Either I’m right, or you’re right, or we’re both wrong. And we move on. That kind of conflict resolution does not exist in politics or religion.

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Any time scientists disagree, it’s because we have insufficient data. Then we can agree on what kind of data to get; we get the data; and the data solves the problem. Either I’m right, or you’re right, or we’re both wrong. And we move on. That kind of conflict resolution does not exist in politics or religion.

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Neil deGrasse Tyson

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Religion is everywhere. There are no human societies without it, whether they acknowledge it as a religion or not.

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Religion is everywhere. There are no human societies without it, whether they acknowledge it as a religion or not.

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Octavia E. Butler

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Religion is regarded by the common people as true, by the wise as false, and by the rulers as useful.

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Religion is regarded by the common people as true, by the wise as false, and by the rulers as useful.

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Seneca

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The more I study religions the more I am convinced that man never worshipped anything but himself.

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The more I study religions the more I am convinced that man never worshipped anything but himself.

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Richard Burton

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Prayer does not change God, but it changes him who prays.

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Prayer does not change God, but it changes him who prays.

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Søren Kirkegaard

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Science can purify religion from error and superstition. Religion can purify science from idolatry and false absolutes.

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Science can purify religion from error and superstition. Religion can purify science from idolatry and false absolutes.

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Pope John Paul II

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He who possesses art and science has religion; he who does not possess them, needs religion.

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He who possesses art and science has religion; he who does not possess them, needs religion.

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Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

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The conflict between religion and science is inherent and (very nearly) zero-sum. The success of science often comes at the expense of religious dogma; the maintenance of religious dogma always comes at the expense of science.

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The conflict between religion and science is inherent and (very nearly) zero-sum. The success of science often comes at the expense of religious dogma; the maintenance of religious dogma always comes at the expense of science.

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Sam Harris

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Religious discourse was not intended to be understood literally because it was only possible to speak about a reality that transcended language in symbolic terms. The story of the lost paradise was a myth, not a factual account of a historical event.

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Religious discourse was not intended to be understood literally because it was only possible to speak about a reality that transcended language in symbolic terms. The story of the lost paradise was a myth, not a factual account of a historical event.

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Karen Armstrong

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For the happy man prayer is only a jumble of words, until the day when sorrow comes to explain to him the sublime language by means of which he speaks to God.

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For the happy man prayer is only a jumble of words, until the day when sorrow comes to explain to him the sublime language by means of which he speaks to God.

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Alexandre Dumas

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God knows our hearts. There is no need for an idle formula or an intermediary. No need for language either: God is beyond translation.

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God knows our hearts. There is no need for an idle formula or an intermediary. No need for language either: God is beyond translation.

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Hilary Mantel (as Thomas Cromwell)

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Thomas Carlyle

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Patricia T. Holland

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Karl Marx

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In the world of language, or in other words in the world of art and liberal education, religion necessarily appears as mythology or as Bible.

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In the world of language, or in other words in the world of art and liberal education, religion necessarily appears as mythology or as Bible.

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Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Schlegel

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Teach a child what is wise, that is morality. Teach him what is wise and beautiful, that is religion!

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Teach a child what is wise, that is morality. Teach him what is wise and beautiful, that is religion!

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Thomas Huxley

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Religion is the masterpiece of the art of animal training, for it trains people as to how they shall think.

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Religion is the masterpiece of the art of animal training, for it trains people as to how they shall think.

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Arthur Schopenhauer

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I am against religion because it teaches us to be satisfied with not understanding the world.

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I am against religion because it teaches us to be satisfied with not understanding the world.

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Richard Dawkins

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Religion without humanity is very poor human stuff.

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Religion without humanity is very poor human stuff.

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Sojourner Truth

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George Sand

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God is a thought who makes crooked all that is straight.

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God is a thought who makes crooked all that is straight.

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Friedrich Nietzsche

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The true meaning of religion is thus, not simply morality, but morality touched by emotion.

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The true meaning of religion is thus, not simply morality, but morality touched by emotion.

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Matthew Arnold

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I ask you to pray for me, for once age has overtaken us, we find consolation only in religion.

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I ask you to pray for me, for once age has overtaken us, we find consolation only in religion.

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Paul Cezanne

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If religion were true, its followers would not try to bludgeon their young into an artificial conformity; but would merely insist on their unbending quest for truth, irrespective of artificial backgrounds or practical consequences.

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If religion were true, its followers would not try to bludgeon their young into an artificial conformity; but would merely insist on their unbending quest for truth, irrespective of artificial backgrounds or practical consequences.

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H. P. Lovecraft

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I reject any religious doctrine that does not appeal to reason and is in conflict with morality.

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I reject any religious doctrine that does not appeal to reason and is in conflict with morality.

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Mahatma Gandhi

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Every dictator uses religion as a prop to keep himself in power.

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Every dictator uses religion as a prop to keep himself in power.

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Benazir Bhutto

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It’s simply untrue that religion provides the only framework for a universal morality.

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It’s simply untrue that religion provides the only framework for a universal morality.

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Sam Harris

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Religion is what keeps the poor from murdering the rich.

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Religion is what keeps the poor from murdering the rich.

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Napoleon Bonaparte

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We have enough religion to make us hate, but not enough to make us love one another.

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We have enough religion to make us hate, but not enough to make us love one another.

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Jonathan Swift

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Let us with caution indulge the supposition that morality can be maintained without religion. Reason and experience both forbid us to expect that national morality can prevail in exclusion of religious principle.

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Let us with caution indulge the supposition that morality can be maintained without religion. Reason and experience both forbid us to expect that national morality can prevail in exclusion of religious principle.

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George Washington

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But in terms of how people live together, how we minimize the prospects of conflict and maximize the prospects of peace, the place of religion in our society today is essential.

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But in terms of how people live together, how we minimize the prospects of conflict and maximize the prospects of peace, the place of religion in our society today is essential.

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Tony Blair

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There seems to be a terrible misunderstanding on the part of a great many people to the effect that when you cease to believe you may cease to behave.

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There seems to be a terrible misunderstanding on the part of a great many people to the effect that when you cease to believe you may cease to behave.

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Louis Kronenberger

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Religion creates community, community creates altruism and altruism turns us away from self and towards the common good… There is something about the tenor of relationships within a religious community that makes it the best tutorial in citizenship and good neighborliness.

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Religion creates community, community creates altruism and altruism turns us away from self and towards the common good… There is something about the tenor of relationships within a religious community that makes it the best tutorial in citizenship and good neighborliness.

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Jonathan Sacks

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Science investigates religion interprets. Science gives man knowledge which is power, religion gives man wisdom which is control.

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Science investigates religion interprets. Science gives man knowledge which is power, religion gives man wisdom which is control.

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Martin Luther King, Jr.

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The difference between a saint and a hypocrite is that one lies for his religion, the other by it.

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The difference between a saint and a hypocrite is that one lies for his religion, the other by it.

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Minna Atrim

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The Kingdom of Heaven is not a place, but a state of mind.

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The Kingdom of Heaven is not a place, but a state of mind.

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John Burroughs

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Benjamin Disraeli

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Let your religion be less of a theory and more of a love affair.

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Let your religion be less of a theory and more of a love affair.

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G.K. Chesterton

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A little philosophy inclineth man’s mind to atheism, but depth in philosophy bringeth men’s minds about to religion.

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A little philosophy inclineth man’s mind to atheism, but depth in philosophy bringeth men’s minds about to religion.

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Francis Bacon

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God is a metaphor for that which transcends all levels of intellectual thought. It’s as simple as that.

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God is a metaphor for that which transcends all levels of intellectual thought. It’s as simple as that.

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Joseph Campbell

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Religion is the impotence of the human mind to deal with occurrences it cannot understand.

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Religion is the impotence of the human mind to deal with occurrences it cannot understand.

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Karl Marx

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Religion and art spring from the same root and are close kin. Economics and art are strangers.

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Religion and art spring from the same root and are close kin. Economics and art are strangers.

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Nathaniel Hawthorne

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Those who say religion has nothing to do with politics do not know what religion is.

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Those who say religion has nothing to do with politics do not know what religion is.

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Mahatma Gandhi

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Just as a candle cannot burn without fire, men cannot live without a spiritual life.

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Just as a candle cannot burn without fire, men cannot live without a spiritual life.

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Gautama Buddha

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Lived religion is a very different thing from strict textual analysis. Very few people of any faith live their lives as literalist interpretations of scripture.

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Lived religion is a very different thing from strict textual analysis. Very few people of any faith live their lives as literalist interpretations of scripture.

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Mohsin Hamid

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The marvel of the Bhagavad-Gita is its truly beautiful revelation of life’s wisdom which enables philosophy to blossom into religion.

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The marvel of the Bhagavad-Gita is its truly beautiful revelation of life’s wisdom which enables philosophy to blossom into religion.

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Herman Hesse

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If faith is lost, there is no security and there is no life for him who does not adhere to religion.

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If faith is lost, there is no security and there is no life for him who does not adhere to religion.

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Muhammad Iqbal

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I do not feel obliged to believe that the same God who has endowed us with sense, reason, and intellect has intended us to forgo their use.

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I do not feel obliged to believe that the same God who has endowed us with sense, reason, and intellect has intended us to forgo their use.

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Galileo Galilei

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Religion is love; in no case is it logic.

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Religion is love; in no case is it logic.

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Beatrice Potter Webb

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Science without religion is lame, religion without science is blind.

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Science without religion is lame, religion without science is blind.

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Albert Einstein

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Which quotes do students find the most and least insightful? Do they challenge or support your assumptions about this aspect of TOK? What do they reveal about the way this aspect of TOK interlinks with rest of the course?

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Use the quotes to provide students with a quick access point into this aspect of TOK, prompt discussions and debates in your classroom, and introduce a range of influential thinkers.

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We've arranged the quotes into six categories, which correspond to our Big Questions. See more on the BQs here.

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You can also apply them easily to the knowledge framework: Section 1 links to nature and scope; Section 2 links to ethics; Section 3, 5, 6 links to methods & tools; Section 4 links to perspectives.