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The greenhouse effect
The greenhouse effect is the way in which heat is trapped close to Earth's surface by "greenhouse gases." These heat-trapping gases can be thought of as a blanket wrapped around Earth, keeping the planet toastier than it would be without them.
Scientists have determined that carbon dioxide's warming effect helps stabilize Earth's atmosphere. Remove carbon dioxide, and the terrestrial greenhouse effect would collapse. Without carbon dioxide, Earth's surface would be some 33°C (59°F) cooler. Greenhouse gases occur naturally and are part of our atmosphere's makeup. Part of what makes Earth so amenable is its natural greenhouse effect, which keeps the planet at a friendly 15 °C (59 °F) on average. The level of carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere has been rising consistently for decades and traps extra heat near Earth's surface, causing temperatures to rise.

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The ozone layer is highly significant because ozone fuel in the stratosphere absorbs most of the sunlight's toxic ultraviolet (UV) emission. Because of that, the ozone layer protects living on land. High-energy ultraviolet light penetrates cells and damages DNA, leading to cell death (which we recognize as the terrible burn). Organisms on land are not adapted to strong ultraviolet influence, which kills or harms them. Without the ozone layer to indicate UVC and UVB emission, most difficult living on Earth could not go longer.

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Acid rain is rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, meaning that it has elevated levels of hydrogen ions. Most water, including drinking water, has a neutral pH that exists between 6.5 and 8.5, but acid rain has a pH level lower than this and ranges from 4–5 on average. The more acidic the acid rain is, the lower its pH is. It can have harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals, and infrastructure. That caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide, which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids.

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Acid rain is rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, which has low pH. Most water, including drinking water, has a neutral pH that exists between 6.5 and 8.5, but acid rain has a pH level lower than this and ranges from 4–5 on average. Acid rain can have harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals, and infrastructure.
Acid rain has been shown to have adverse impacts on forests, freshwaters, soils, microbes, insects and aquatic life-forms.

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Ozone layer depletion
The ozone layer sits in the stratosphere between 15 and 30 km above the earth and shields us and other living beings from the suns harmful ultraviolet radiation.
There is a very serious problem going on, thats called the depletion of stratospheric ozone. It appears in both the southern and northern Hemisphere, but mainly in the south. It's because the formation of the ozone hole is directly linked to the stratosphere's temperature, which is always low in the southern Hemisphere.
The area of the ozone hole is defined as the area which ozone column values amount to 220 Dobson Units or less. The largest historical extent of the ozone hole was 28.4 million squared killometres occured in September 2000, which is equivalent to more than six times the territory of the EU. In late September 2022, the Antarctic ozone hole reached its maximum area of 24.5 million squared kilometres.

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Update in September 2023, the current state of the ozone layer is a mix of both positive and concerning aspects.

The positive aspect is that the ozone layer has shown signs of recovery due to international efforts to reduce the production and use of ozone-depleting substances. The implementation of the Montreal Protocol has led to a significant reduction in the levels of substances like chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons, which are known to deplete the ozone layer.

However, there are still challenges and localized areas of concern. The Antarctic ozone hole, which forms during the Southern Hemisphere spring, continues to be a significant issue. While its size has been fluctuating from year to year, it has not yet fully recovered. The Arctic region has also experienced ozone depletion during certain periods.

Regular monitoring and research efforts are being conducted to assess the ozone layer's current state and understand the factors influencing its dynamics. Satellite observations and ground-based measurements are used to track ozone levels and the presence of ozone-depleting substances in different parts of the world.

It is important to note that the current state of the ozone layer can vary over time due to factors such as seasonal variations, weather patterns, and changes in emissions of ozone-depleting substances. For the most up-to-date information, it is recommended to consult reputable sources such as scientific organizations or environmental agencies that specialize in ozone layer research

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The greenhouse effect

The greenhouse effect is the way in which heat is trapped close to earth’s surface by greenhouse gasses. Those greenhouse gasses are gasses that absorb and emit radiant energy at thermal infrared wavelengths. Greenhouse gasses include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxides, and water vapour. For a long time these gasses were helpful, because they were keeping our planet liveable by holding onto some of earth’s heat energy so that it doesn't all escape into space. But in the last century or so, humans have been interfering with the planet’s energy balance, mainly through the burning of fossil fuels that add carbon dioxide to the earth. Therefore causing global warming, but there are some ways that we individually can help minimise these gasses, some of them are: shifting to alternative technologies that don’t need gasoline such as bikes and electric cars. We can also conserve energy in our every day life by turning off the light switches when not needed, taking shorter showers, wasting less food and turning off devices when you’re not using them.

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Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet

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Credit: NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

The greenhouse effect is the process through which heat is trapped near Earth's surface by substances known as 'greenhouse gases.' Imagine these gases as a cozy blanket enveloping our planet, helping to maintain a warmer temperature than it would have otherwise. Greenhouse gases consist of carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, nitrous oxide, chlorofluorocarbons, and water vapor. Water vapor, which reacts to temperature changes, is referred to as a 'feedback', because it amplifies the effect of forces that initially caused the warming.

Scientists have determined that carbon dioxide plays a crucial role in maintaining the stability of Earth's atmosphere. If carbon dioxide were removed, the terrestrial greenhouse effect would collapse, and Earth's surface temperature would drop significantly, by approximately 33°C (59°F).

Greenhouse gases are part of Earth's atmosphere. This is why Earth is often called the 'Goldilocks' planet - its conditions are just right, not too hot or too cold, allowing life to thrive. Part of what makes Earth so amenable is its natural greenhouse effect, which maintains an average temperature of 15 °C (59 ° F) . However, in the last century, human activities, primarily from burning fossil fuels that have led to the release of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, have disrupted Earth's energy balance. This has led to an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and ocean. The level of carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere has been rising consistently for decades and traps extra heat near Earth's surface, causing temperatures to rise.
READ MORE

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national aeronautics and space administration

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Vital Signs of the Planet: Global Climate Change and Global Warming. Current news and data streams about global warming and climate change from NASA.

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Earth's ozone layer, an early symbol of global environmental degradation, is improving and on track to recover by the middle of the 21st century.

Over the past 30 years, humans have successfully phased out many of the chemicals that harm the ozone layer, the atmospheric shield that sits in the stratosphere about nine to 18 miles (15 to 30 kilometers) above Earth's surface.

Atmospheric ozone absorbs ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, particularly harmful UVB-type rays. Exposure to UVB radiation is linked with increased risk of skin cancer and cataracts, as well as damage to plants and marine ecosystems. Atmospheric ozone is sometimes labeled as the "good" ozone, because of its protective role, and shouldn't be confused with tropospheric, or ground-level, "bad" ozone, a key component of air pollution that is linked with respiratory disease.
(See where air pollution is lethal.)
Ozone (O3) is a highly reactive gas whose molecules are comprised of three oxygen atoms. Its concentration in the atmosphere naturally fluctuates depending on seasons and latitudes, but it was generally stable when global measurements began in 1957.

Groundbreaking research in the 1970s and 1980s revealed signs of trouble.

Ozone threats and 'the hole'

In 1974, Mario Molina and Sherwood Rowland, two chemists at the University of California, Irvine, published an article in the journal detailing threats to the ozone layer from chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) gases. At the time, CFCs were commonly used in aerosol sprays and as coolants in many refrigerators. As they reach the stratosphere, the sun's UV rays break CFCs down into substances such as chlorine.

This groundbreaking research-for which they were awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize in chemistry -concluded that the atmosphere had a "finite capacity for absorbing chlorine" atoms in the stratosphere.

One atom of chlorine can destroy more than 100,000 ozone molecules, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, eradicating ozone much more quickly than it can be replaced.

Molina and Rowland's study was validated in 1985, when a team of English scientists found a hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica that was later linked to CFCs. The "hole" is actually an area of the stratosphere with extremely low concentrations of ozone that reoccurs every year at the beginning of the Southern Hemisphere spring (August to October).

At the North Pole, a degraded ozone layer is responsible for the Arctic's rapid rate of warming, according to a 2020 study published in Nature Climate Change. CFCs are a more potent greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide, the most abundant planet-warming gas.

The ozone layer's status today

In a report released in early 2023, scientists keeping track of the ozone layer noted that Earth's atmosphere is recovering. The ozone layer will be restored to its 1980 condition-before the ozone hole emerged-by 2040. More persistent ozone holes over the Arctic and Antarctica should recover by 2045 and 2066, respectively.

This progress is thanks to the Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer, a landmark agreement signed by 197 UN member countries in 1987 to phase out ozone-depleting substances. Without the pact, the EPA estimates the U.S. would have seen an additional 280 million cases of skin cancer, 1.5 million skin cancer deaths, and 45 million cataracts-and the world would be at least 25 percent hotter.
(Read more about how climate change is a threat to human health.)
Nearly all the ozone-destroying chemicals banned by the Montreal Protocol have been phased out, but some harmful gases are still used. Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), transitional substitutes that are less damaging but still harmful to ozone, are still in use in some countries. HCFCs are also powerful greenhouse gases that trap heat and contribute to climate change.

Though HFCs represent a small fraction of emissions compared with carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, their planet-warming effect prompted an addition to the Montreal Protocol, the Kigali Amendment, in 2016. The amendment, which came into force in January 2019, aims to slash the use of HFCs by more than 80 percent over the next three decades.

In the meantime, companies and scientists are working on climate-friendly alternatives, including new coolants and technologies that reduce or eliminate dependence on chemicals altogether.

This story originally published on April 18, 2019. It has been updated.

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Earth's ozone layer, an early symbol of global environmental degradation, is improving and on track to recover by the middle of the 21st century. Over the past 30 years, humans have successfully phased out many of the chemicals that harm the ozone layer, the atmospheric shield that sits in the stratosphere about nine to 18 miles (15 to 30 kilometers) above Earth's surface.

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La lluvia ácida, un peligro real para los seres vivos

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La lluvia ácida es una de las consecuencias de la contaminación atmosférica. Los gases procedentes de la quema de combustibles reaccionan con el oxígeno del aire y el vapor de agua, transformándose en ácidos que se depositan sobre la superficie terrestre a través de las precipitaciones.

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Darbo su informaciniais šaltiniais lentelė

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Darbo su informaciniais šaltiniais lentelė

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Darbo su informacijos šaltiniais lentelė 2023 06 15

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Pavyzdys TOC metodo (apribojimų teorijos įrankio) loginės šakos pavyzdys

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Pavyzdys TOC metodo (apribojimų teorijos įrankio) loginės šakos pavyzdys

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Pamokos plano forma pagal atnaujintą programą_2023 06 15 Tomas Kristina

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Wordwall - Greitesniu būdu kurkite geresnes pamokas

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Two things I learned today, One word to sum up what I learned, Something I already knew, I want to remember, One question I have about today's lesson.

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Quizizz - The world's most engaging learning platform

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Find and create gamified quizzes, lessons, presentations, and flashcards for students, employees, and everyone else. Get started for free!

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Green house team 1 Edpuzzle video listening

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Green house team 1 Edpuzzle video listening

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Easily create beautiful interactive video lessons for your students you can integrate right into your LMS. Track students' progress with hassle-free analytics as you flip your classroom!

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Green house team 2 Edpuzzle video listening

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Green house team 2 Edpuzzle video listening

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Causes and Effects of Climate Change | National Geographic

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Easily create beautiful interactive video lessons for your students you can integrate right into your LMS. Track students' progress with hassle-free analytics as you flip your classroom!

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Easily create beautiful interactive video lessons for your students you can integrate right into your LMS. Track students' progress with hassle-free analytics as you flip your classroom!

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English homework - prepare a digital poster on behalf of your team, using the today's lesson ideas. The board of Padlet or Canva tool. The team is welcome to complete this task by 20-06-2023. 

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English homework - prepare a digital poster on behalf of your team, using the today's lesson ideas. The board of Padlet or Canva tool. The team is welcome to complete this task by 20-06-2023. 

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Ekologinės problemos mokytoju skaidres  2023 06 15. pptx

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Top 5 Environmental Problems in the Current World

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1.              Pasakykite lietuvių kalba ką žinote apie aplinką ir jai kylančias problemas.

2.              Žiūrėdami vaizdo įrašą – pagalvokite kokia yra mūsų pamokos tema.

3.              Kartu sukurkime savo pamokos uždavinį- kaip norime dirbti poromis ar individuliai.

Pildysime šaltinių lentelę – kaip manote kiek klausimų galite atsakyti 1-5, 2-5; sudėliosime loginę šaką – kiek sudėliosite šakų (1-5, 2-5).

4.              Susėskite grupėse po 2-3, pasirinkite lyderį.

5.              Bus paskelbta užduotis. Susipažinkite su vertinimo lentele – ji įprastinė (atskirame lape) – joje žymėsite kiek jums pavyko atsakyti klausimų sudėlioti šakų ir kokį quizziz atsakymą gavote.

6.              Klausydami klasės draugo pristatymo pildykite lentelę visi kartu grupe.

7.              VISOS UŽDUOTIES EIGA - 215 ed puzzle perklausymui, skaidrių peržiūrai ir medžiagai bei loginei šakai 5 min, pasirengimas pristatyti 5 min; visos grupės pristato darbus per 5 min. Minutė komandai

7.1.Vienas komandos narys eina į 215 sėda prie pažymėto jūsų komandos stalo ir klauso vaizdo įrašą papildo lentelę

7.2.Tuo pat metu kitas komandos narys peržiūri klasės draugo ir mokytojų skaidres savo padlet

7.3.Dar vienas komandos narys sudėlioja loginę šaką.

8.              Visi kartu peržiūri atliktas užduotis aptaria lietuvių ir anglų kalba 5 min

9.              Lyderis arba grupė pristato lentelę ir savo šaką.

10.           Mokytojai pakomentuoja ir skiria tikslinę QUIZZIZ užduotį (anglų kalba) -reikia atsidaryti programėlę; įrašyti savo vardą tikrą; ir atlikti. Pasirašyti gautą balą įsivertinimo lentelėje.

11.           Suksime laimės ratą anglų kalba ir atsakysime refleksiją. Klausimai bus komandoms.

12.           Kaip jūsų sprendimai gali pagerinti mūsų būtį ir aplinką.

13.           Namų darbas 06 20 d atlikti namie iš chemijos ir anglų k Padlet.

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This is an overview of the extraordinary Theory of Constraints logical thinking tool that leads to: a) improved critical thinking skills in learning situations, b) better choices and understanding of the consequences of behaviour and c) greater abilities to deal with the negative side effects of pot…