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Escape Room Challenge: The Road to Bethlehem

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Escape Room Challenge: The Road to Bethlehem

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Theme: Following Mary and Joseph's Journey

Objective: Solve math and geography puzzles to trace Mary and Joseph's journey to Bethlehem.

Room Setup:

Central Table: Covered with a cloth, concealing a wooden box.

Walls: Decorated with maps of the Roman Empire and Judea, a timeline of Roman travel speeds, and biblical quotes about the Nativity.

Challenges: (All difficulty: Medium)

Challenge 1: Mapping the Miles (Difficulty: Medium)

Materials: A blank map of the Roman Empire with Nazareth and Bethlehem marked. Pencils and a compass.

Task: Players must use the scale on the map of the Roman Empire and information from the timeline on the wall (average daily travel speed) to calculate the approximate distance between Nazareth and Bethlehem.

Clues:

The timeline displays Roman travel speeds for different modes of transportation (foot, donkey).

A hidden inscription on the map mentions "following the star," hinting at using the compass for guidance.

Solution: Players perform calculations based on the scale and travel speeds to arrive at an estimated distance.

Challenge 2: Crossing the Terrain (Difficulty: Medium)

Materials: Several sealed envelopes scattered around the room, each labeled with a geographical feature (e.g., mountains, valleys, plains). Inside each envelope is a math problem related to the feature's impact on travel time.

Task: Players must solve the math problems in each envelope to determine how each geographical feature might affect the travel time between Nazareth and Bethlehem.

Clues:

Each envelope contains a brief description of the geographical feature and its impact on travel.

Math problems might involve calculating time delays based on ascent/descent angles (mountains) or slower travel speeds on uneven terrain.

A biblical quote on the wall mentions "a long journey," hinting at the challenges faced.

Solution: Solving the math problems reveals time adjustments for each geographical feature.

Challenge 3: Following the Star (Difficulty: Medium)

Materials: A star-shaped puzzle with missing pieces scattered around the room. A hidden message written in a simple substitution cipher.

Task: Players must first assemble the star puzzle. Then, using the completed star as a decoder, they need to decipher the hidden message with the substitution cipher.

Clues:

The puzzle pieces depict constellations visible in Judea during winter (time of Jesus' birth).

The substitution cipher grid is hidden behind a picture of the Bethlehem star.

A hidden inscription on the map mentions "looking to the heavens," hinting at the star's importance.

Solution: The completed star reveals symbols that correspond to letters in the cipher grid. Deciphering the message reveals a final clue about the location of the wooden box.

Escape:

By combining the estimated distance (Challenge 1), time adjustments (Challenge 2), and the final clue (Challenge 3), players can determine the approximate location of the wooden box on the map.

Lifting the cloth on the table reveals the box's location underneath.

Inside the box, players find a beautiful image of the Nativity scene in Bethlehem, signifying their successful journey.

Bonus Clue:

If players struggle, a hidden inscription on a biblical quote mentions "peace on earth," hinting at the destination's importance.

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Setting up a simple dining fly as presented in Bryan on Scouting

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Here’s a simple way of setting up a dining fly in an open field October 17, 2019 Michael Freeman Camp Hacks, Camping, Video 9 Comments A dining fly is one of the first structures you should put up …

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Join us this Advent season as we draw upon the music and biblical lyrics of Handel’s Messiah to celebrate the birth of Jesus Christ.

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Elements of the Bible - Download as a PDF or view online for free

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Printable Bible Lessons, Games, Crafts, & Activities for Sunday School Teachers, Pastors, Church Volunteers, & Christian Parents. Nearly every topic of the Bible covered in the Old & New Testament. Bible Lesson Plans for Toddlers to Teens!

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The lyrics for Messiah were drawn directly from scripture, in a collation by Charles Jennens, an aristocrat and musician/poet who had worked with Handel on a couple of earlier oratorios. Jennens compiled a libretto with profound thematic coherence and an enhanced sensitivity to dramatic and musical structure. He sent the libretto to Handel in July 1741, and Handel began setting it to music the following month. Handel started at the beginning of the texts and worked consecutively through them, tracing and accentuating through music the powerful dramatic arc that Jennens had created.

The lyrics for each movement are listed below with each scriptural reference hyperlinked to the online Bible on ChurchofJesusChrist.org.

Messiah Part 1
Movement 1: Overture (symphony only)
Movement 8: Isaiah 7:14; Matthew 1:23
Behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call His name Emmanuel. "God with us."

Movement 13: Pastoral Symphony

Messiah Part 2

Behold the Lamb of God that taketh away the sin of the world.

Movement 38: Isaiah 52:7; Romans 10:15
How beautiful are the feet of them that preach the gospel of peace, and bring glad tidings of good things!

Movement 39: Romans 10:18;
Their sound is gone out into all lands, and their words unto the ends of the world.

Movement 40: Psalm 2:1-2
Why do the nations so furiously rage together? and why do the people imagine a vain thing?
The kings of the earth rise up, and the rulers take counsel together against the Lord, and against His anointed.

Messiah Part 3

Movement 45: Job 19:25-26
I know that my Redeemer liveth, and that He shall stand at the latter day upon the earth.
And though worms destroy this body, yet in my flesh shall I see God.

Movement 52: Revelation 5:12-14
Worthy is the Lamb that was slain, and hath redeemed us to God by His blood, to receive power, and riches, and wisdom, and strength, and honor, and glory, and blessing. Blessing and honor, glory and power, be unto Him that sitteth upon the throne, and unto the Lamb, for ever and ever.
Amen.

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George Frideric Handel: Messiah Oratorio Libretto with Scripture Links

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The lyrics for Messiah were drawn directly from scripture, in a collation by Charles Jennens, an aristocrat and musician/poet who had worked with Handel on a couple of earlier oratorios. Jennens compiled a libretto with profound thematic coherence and an enhanced sensitivity to dramatic and musical structure.

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Handel’s Messiah: Lyrics and Verse References

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Handel’s Messiah captures the deep emotion of the story of our redemption. View the lyrics and complete list of verse references here.

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St. Michael The Archangel, Defend Us In Battle Be Our Protection Against The Wickedness And Snares Of The Devil. May God Rebuke Him We Humbly Pray and do thou, O Prince of the heavenly host, by the power of God, cast into hell Satan and all the evil spirits who prowl...

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Infographic: The Bible's Periodic Table from Catholic-Link.org

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Quotes, infographics, memes and more resources for the New Evangelization. Infographic: The Bible's Periodic Table from Catholic-Link.org

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The Messenger

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Bethlehem gains its notoriety as the birthplace of Jesus (Matthew 2:1; Luke 2:1-7); however, by the time of Jesus’ birth, the village already had quite a history. Bethlehem first appears in the Amarna Letters (14th century B.C.) as a Canaanite town. Its name comes from this period and means “house” or temple (“beth”) of Lahmu, a Canaanite deity; it did not, as is commonly assumed, mean “house of bread.” Bethlehem played

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“O little town of Bethlehem, how still we see thee lie” | The Sisters of The Good Samaritan

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“I think we in the West have often sanitised, romanticised and tamed Bethlehem and the birth of Jesus through our nativity sets and carols,” writes Good Samaritan Sister Marella Rebgetz.

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Matthew J. Grey, Brigham Young University

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What was Bethlehem like when Jesus was born?

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Historical records, archaeological discoveries and the natural geography of the area around Bethlehem can greatly increase understanding of the first Christmas, writes BYU professor Matthew J. Grey.

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The Birth of Jesus: The Gospel Infancy Narratives

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Bethlehem: Here Jesus Christ was truly born

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Bethlehem! There mere sounding of the name of this ancient city brings joy to the Christian heart. The name of Bethlehem has been familiar and dear to us since childhood. Among the first things we were ever taught is the story God’s birth which occurred there on a winter’s night 2,000 years ago.

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Word Problem 1: A Timely Journey

Mary and Joseph are planning their journey from Nazareth to Bethlehem. They estimate that they can travel 25 kilometers per day on average, riding a donkey.

How many days will it take them to reach Bethlehem?

Considering the time of year and potential weather conditions, what challenges might they face on their journey? How could these challenges impact their travel time?

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Word Problem 1: A Timely Journey

Days to reach Bethlehem:

Distance to travel: 114 km

Daily travel distance: 25 km/day

Days needed: 114 km / 25 km/day = 4.56 days

Approximately 5 days

Challenges and Impact:

Weather: Winter conditions could bring rain, snow, or freezing temperatures, making travel difficult and potentially dangerous.

Terrain: Hilly terrain could slow down the donkey and require more effort.

Health: Mary's pregnancy could limit her ability to travel long distances or endure harsh conditions.

These challenges could increase travel time and make the journey more arduous.

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A Restful Stop

After traveling for 4 days, Mary and Joseph decide to rest at a nearby village. They have covered 75 kilometers so far.

What is the average distance they have traveled each day?

If they continue to travel at this rate, how many more days will it take them to reach Bethlehem?

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Average distance traveled per day:

Total distance traveled: 75 km

Days traveled: 4 days

Average distance per day: 75 km / 4 days = 18.75 km/day

Days remaining to reach Bethlehem:

Remaining distance: 114 km - 75 km = 39 km

Days needed: 39 km / 18.75 km/day ≈ 2.08 days

Approximately 2 days

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Due to unexpected road closures, Mary and Joseph must take a longer route to Bethlehem. The new route is 20% longer than the original 114-kilometer journey.

How long is the new route?

If they can still travel 25 kilometers per day, how many more days will it take them to reach Bethlehem using the new route?

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Length of the new route:

Original distance: 114 km

Increase: 20%

New distance: 114 km * 1.20 = 136.8 km

Days to reach Bethlehem on the new route:

Distance to travel: 136.8 km

Daily travel distance: 25 km/day

Days needed: 136.8 km / 25 km/day ≈ 5.47 days

Approximately 6 days

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Mary & Joseph’s Trip to Bethlehem Photo Album

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Mary & Joseph’s Trip to Bethlehem Photo Album

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Using Google Gemini, create a photo album of the journey to Bethlehem.

Include at least 1 image for each day of the journey.

Save and show Christmas Headquarters to gain Passport Stamp.

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Using this map, plan Mary & Joseph’s journey to Bethlehem.

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Escape Room Challenge: A Bethlehem Mystery

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Escape Room Challenge: A Bethlehem Mystery

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Theme: A Historical Journey Through Bethlehem

Objective: Solve a series of puzzles to uncover the mysterious past of Bethlehem.

Room Setup:

Central Table: Covered with a cloth, concealing a locked box.

Walls: Decorated with historical maps, timelines, and biblical quotes. Hidden clues are scattered throughout, some disguised as decorative elements.

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1. Chronological Conundrum (Difficulty: Easy):

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1. Chronological Conundrum (Difficulty: Easy):

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On the table: A stack of parchment scrolls with historical events related to Bethlehem.

Canaanites establish a settlement in Bethlehem (14th century BC)

King David is born in Bethlehem (ca. 1030 BC)

Bethlehem becomes part of the tribe of Judah (Joshua conquers Canaan)

Jesus is born in Bethlehem (1st century BC)

Roman Empire controls Bethlehem (1st century BC)

Task: Players must arrange the scrolls in chronological order, starting from the earliest event.

Reward: Unveiling the scrolls reveals a hidden compartment containing a piece of a torn map.

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2. Biblical Trivia Challenge (Difficulty: Medium):

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2. Biblical Trivia Challenge (Difficulty: Medium):

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On the walls: Biblical quotes and paintings depicting scenes from the Bible.

Quote 1: "But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, though you are small among the clans of Judah, out of you will come for me one who will be ruler over Israel, whose origins are from of old, from ancient times." (Micah 5:2)

Quote 2: "And there were shepherds residing in the fields in that region, keeping watch over their flock by night." (Luke 2:8)

Painting 1: The Nativity scene (birth of Jesus)

Painting 2: King David playing the harp

Task: Players must answer the following questions:

1. What is the alternative name for Bethlehem mentioned in the prophecy of Micah? (Answer: Ephrathah)

2. According to the Gospel of Luke, who were witnesses to the birth of Jesus? (Answer: Shepherds)

3. Which painting depicts an event that took place in Bethlehem? (Answer: The Nativity scene)

4. Who was another famous person born in Bethlehem according to the Bible? (Answer: King David)

Reward: Each correct answer reveals a digit for a combination lock (e.g., Quote 1 = 5, Quote 2 = 8).

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Hidden Clue: Behind a painting, players find a torn map fragment from Puzzle 1 depicting the region around Jerusalem.

On the walls: A large historical map of the Holy Land.

Task: Players must use the torn fragment and the large map to identify Bethlehem's location relative to:

Jerusalem

The Dead Sea

Jericho

Nazareth

Reward: Finding all locations reveals a cryptic message written on the back of the map: "The key lies with the shepherd's staff."

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4. Code Breaking Cipher (Difficulty: Hard):

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4. Code Breaking Cipher (Difficulty: Hard):

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Hidden Clue: Inside a shepherd's staff prop hidden behind a bookcase, players find a coded message.

Material: A simple substitution cipher grid (provided separately) is available on the table.

Task: Players must decipher the coded message using the cipher grid. The message translates to: "Seek the wisdom of the past, for the final piece lies where the child was laid."

Reward: The code reveals a small key hidden underneath a manger scene decoration.

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On the table: The locked box with a keyhole.

Task: Players use the key obtained from Puzzle 4 to unlock the box.

Inside the box: A jigsaw puzzle depicting the Star of Bethlehem. Once completed, the puzzle reveals a final message: "Congratulations! You have unlocked the secrets of Bethlehem's past."

Escape: Players have successfully completed the escape room challenge!

Bonus Clue (Optional):

If players struggle with a particular puzzle, they can find a hidden clue by examining the historical timeline on the wall. A specific date might point them towards a relevant piece of information.

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Escape Room Challenge: A Bethlehem Mystery (Three Challenges)

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Escape Room Challenge: A Bethlehem Mystery (Three Challenges)

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Theme: A Historical Journey Through Bethlehem

Objective: Solve a series of puzzles to uncover the mysterious past of Bethlehem.

Room Setup:

Central Table: Covered with a cloth, concealing a locked box.

Walls: Decorated with historical maps, timelines, and biblical quotes. Hidden clues are scattered throughout, some disguised as decorative elements.

Puzzles:

1. Time Travel Challenge (Difficulty: Medium):

On the table: A collection of ancient artifacts (clay tablet, shepherd's sling, Roman coin).

Task: Players must identify the artifact that belongs to the time period when Bethlehem was first settled (Canaanites, 14th century BC).

Clue 1: A historical timeline on the wall highlights the arrival of the Canaanites.

Clue 2: Biblical quotes on the wall mention Bethlehem as a "city of old."

Reward: Finding the correct artifact reveals a hidden compartment containing a piece of a torn map.

2. Bethlehem's Legacy (Difficulty: Medium):

On the walls: Pictures of various historical figures alongside biblical quotes.

Task: Players must match each picture with the corresponding biblical quote and identify the connection to Bethlehem.

Picture 1: King David

Quote 1: "But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, though you are small among the clans of Judah, out of you will come for me one who will be ruler over Israel, whose origins are from of old, from ancient times." (Micah 5:2)

Picture 2: Shepherds

Quote 2: "And there were shepherds residing in the fields in that region, keeping watch over their flock by night." (Luke 2:8)

Picture 3: Jesus (Nativity scene)

Reward: Each correct match reveals a number for a combination lock (e.g., King David + Quote 1 = 5).

3. The Missing Piece (Difficulty: Medium):

Hidden Clue: Behind a painting, players find a torn map fragment from Puzzle 1 depicting the region around Jerusalem.

On the walls: A large historical map of the Holy Land.

Task: Players must use the torn fragment and the large map to identify Bethlehem's location relative to:

Jerusalem

The Dead Sea

Reward: Finding both locations reveals a final message written on the back of the map: "Unlock the secrets of the past to reveal the path forward."

Escape:

With the combination from Puzzle 2, players unlock the box on the table.

Inside, they find a key.

Using the key, they unlock the final challenge: a hidden drawer containing a scroll with a historical map leading them out of the escape room.

Bonus Clue:

If players struggle, a hidden inscription on a biblical quote mentions the "star" guiding the way, hinting at the hidden map location.

This revised escape room offers three engaging puzzles that test historical knowledge, critical thinking, and teamwork. It eliminates the complex cipher challenge and simplifies the final puzzle to make the experience more accessible for a broader audience.

Sources and related content

en.wikipedia.org

en.wikipedia.org

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Escape Room Challenge: Decoding the Messiah

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Escape Room Challenge: Decoding the Messiah

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Theme: Unraveling the Biblical Connections in Handel's Messiah

Objective: Solve puzzles based on the biblical references in Handel's Messiah to unlock the secrets of the oratorio.

Room Setup:

Central Table: Covered with a cloth, concealing a treasure chest.

Walls: Decorated with biblical artwork, a timeline of prophets, and quotes from Messiah's libretto.

Challenges: (All difficulty: Medium)

Challenge 1: The Prophetic Puzzle (Difficulty: Medium)

Materials: Two sets of cards scattered around the room: one with biblical quotes and another with snippets of text from Messiah's libretto (refer to https://www.thetabernaclechoir.org/messiah/libretto-with-scripture-links.html?lang=eng [invalid URL removed]). Bible

Task: Players must match each biblical quote with its corresponding text from Messiah, demonstrating how Handel utilises scripture to tell the story.

Clues:

Keywords in the quotes could be referenced in the libretto excerpts.

The timeline on the wall highlights key prophets whose words are featured in Messiah.

A hidden inscription on the table mentions "prophetic voices," hinting at the connection.

Solution: Each correct match reveals a piece of a biblical "periodic table" puzzle (inspired by https://catholic-link.org/images/infographic-bibles-periodic-table/).

Challenge 2: The Messianic Mosaic (Difficulty: Medium)

Materials: The incomplete "periodic table" puzzle from Challenge 1, various portraits of biblical figures hanging on the walls.

Task: Players must use the completed "periodic table" to identify which biblical figures are referenced in specific parts of Messiah (refer to https://www.cslewisinstitute.org/messiah/). Once identified, players must match the figures to their corresponding portraits.

Clues:

The "periodic table" categorises figures based on their roles (e.g., Prophets, Kings).

Information on the portraits might offer clues about the figures' identities (names, symbols).

Quotes on the walls from Messiah might reference specific figures or events.

Solution: Correctly matching all portraits reveals a three-digit code.

Challenge 3: The Hidden Chorus (Difficulty: Medium)

Materials: A music stand on the table reveals a music score from Messiah with a missing section.

Task: Players must identify the missing chorus by analyzing the surrounding musical context, lyrics, and the previously identified biblical references.

Clues:

The musical score provides hints about the overall theme and mood of the surrounding piece.

Biblical quotes on the wall might provide thematic connections to specific choruses in Messiah.

Information learned in challenges 1 & 2 about the biblical figures referenced could hint at the missing chorus' subject matter.

Solution: Identifying the missing chorus title reveals a keyword.

Escape:

With the three-digit code from Challenge 2 and the keyword from Challenge 3, players unlock the treasure chest on the table.

Inside, they find a hidden scroll containing the full libretto of Messiah, highlighting the powerful storytelling through music and scripture.

Bonus Clue:

If players struggle, a faint inscription on a quote might mention "Hallelujah," hinting at the power of the missing chorus to unlock the final challenge.

This escape room challenges players to delve into the biblical tapestry woven within Handel's Messiah. By matching scripture to the oratorio text, identifying key figures, and analyzing musical clues, they unlock the secrets and experience the story's deeper meaning.

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Handel's Messiah performed live at the Sydney Opera House - ABC Classic

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Handel's Messiah performed live at the Sydney Opera House - ABC Classic

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Handel’s Messiah live at the Sydney Opera House - ABC Classic

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Watch a 600-strong Sydney Philharmonia Choirs sing Handel’s masterpiece, Messiah, live from the Sydney Opera House.

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The Star of Bethlehem: Can science explain what it really was?

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The Star of Bethlehem: Can science explain what it really was?

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The Star of Bethlehem: Can science explain what it really was?

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There’s some evidence for planetary conjunctions around the time frame for the birth of Christ and may explain the Star of Bethlehem.

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The Star of Bethlehem: Can science explain what it really was?

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The Star of Bethlehem: Can science explain what it really was?

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The Star of Bethlehem: Can science explain what it really was?

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There’s some evidence for planetary conjunctions around the time frame for the birth of Christ and may explain the Star of Bethlehem.

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What Was the Star of Bethlehem? - Biblical Archaeology Society

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What Was the Star of Bethlehem? - Biblical Archaeology Society

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Nearly all modern science-based solutions ignore how ancient people thought about and examined the sky. If modern astronomy cannot identify the Star of Bethlehem, can ancient astronomy?

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The Star of Bethlehem probably wasn’t a star.

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Comments and Documents on special issues on Religion and Science

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The Star of Bethlehem was not a comet. Which was the actual astronomical event that triggered the Magi?

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Your Sky: View from Cities around the World

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Your Sky: View from Cities around the World

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Your Sky: View from Cities around the World

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You can view the sky as seen from various cities around the
globe by clicking on the name of a city below. If you don’t
know the latitude and longitude of your observing site, click on
the closest city in the table—unless you’re far away from
that city, the sky map will be reasonably accurate.

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Astronomy news and interactive guides to the night sky from In-The-Sky.org

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Make your own planisphere - In-The-Sky.org

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Make your own planisphere - In-The-Sky.org

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Make your own cardboard planisphere

A planisphere is a simple hand-held device which shows a map of which stars are visible in the night sky at any particular time. By rotating a wheel, it shows how stars move across the sky through the night, and how different constellations are visible at different times of year.

On this web page, I present a kit which you can download and print to make your own planisphere out of paper or cardboard.

Download your planisphere

The design of a planisphere depends on the geographic location where it is to be used, since different stars are visible from different places. I have created kits for use at a wide range of latitudes, and you should use the form below to download the kit that most closely matches where you live.

Building your planisphere

Assembly instructions

Step 1 - Download a planisphere kit using the form above. You can either download the individual components separately, or as a single PDF file. In order to fit together, the pieces must be printed at the same scale, which is easiest achieved with the single PDF file.

For your present location of Ashburn, we recommend a planisphere designed for latitude 40°N, which you can download here.

Step 2 - Print the star wheel and the body of the planisphere onto two separate sheets of paper, or more preferably onto thin card.

If you have any transparent plastic to hand, e.g. acetate sheets for use on overhead projectors, you should print the altitude/azimuth grid onto a sheet of plastic. If you do not have any acetate to hand, don't worry - your planisphere will work fine without it!

Step 3 - Carefully cut out the star wheel and the body of the planisphere. Also cut out the shaded grey area of the planisphere's body, and if you have it, the grid of lines which you have printed onto transparent plastic. If you are using cardboard, you may wish to carefully score the body of the planisphere along the dotted line to make it easier to fold it along this line later.

Step 4 - The star wheel has a small circle at its center, and the planisphere's body has a matching small circle at the bottom. Make a small hole (about 2mm across) in each. If you have a paper drill to hand, these are ideal, but otherwise you can use a compass point and enlarge the hole until it is around 2mm across by turning the point in a circular motion.

Step 5 - Slot a split-pin fastener through the middle of the star wheel, with the head of the fastener against the printed side of the star wheel. Then slot the body of the planisphere onto the same fastener, with the printed side facing the back of the fastener. Fold the fastener down to secure the two sheets of cardboard together.

Step 6 (Optional) - If you printed the altitude/azimuth grid onto a sheet of plastic, you should now stick this grid of lines over the viewing window which you cut out from the body of the planisphere.

Step 7 - Fold the body of the planisphere along the dotted line, so that the front of the star wheel shows through the window which you cut in the body.

Congratulations, your planisphere is now ready for use!

How to use your planisphere

Turn the star wheel until you find the point around its edge where today's date is marked, and line this point up with the current time. The viewing window now shows all of the constellations that are visible in the sky.

Go outside and face north. Holding the planisphere up to the sky, the stars marked at the bottom of the viewing window should match up with those that you see in the sky in front of you.

Turn to face east or west, and rotate the planisphere so that the word "East" or "West" is at the bottom of the window. Once again, the stars at the bottom of the viewing window should match up with those that you see in the sky in front of you.

If you printed the grid of altitude and azimuth lines onto transparent plastic, these lines let you work out how high objects will appear in the sky, and in which direction. The circles are drawn at altitudes of 10, 20, 30, ..., 80 degrees above the horizon. For reference, a distance of ten degrees roughly equates to a hand-span at arm's length. The curved lines are vertical lines connecting points on the horizon up to the point immediately above your head. They are drawn in the cardinal directions S, SSE, SE, ESE, E, etc.

License

Like everything else on this website, these planisphere kits are © Dominic Ford. However, they are provided for the benefit of amateur astronomers worldwide, and you are welcome to modify and/or redistribute any of the material on this website, under the following conditions: (1) Any item that has an associated copyright text must include that unmodified text in your redistributed version, (2) You must credit me, Dominic Ford, as the original author and copyright holder, (3) You may not derive any profit from your reproduction of material on this website, unless you are a registered charity whose express aim is the advancement of astronomical science, or you have the written permission of the author.

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Make your own cardboard planisphere A planisphere is a simple hand-held device which shows a map of which stars are visible in the night sky at any particular time. By rotating a wheel, it shows how stars move across the sky through the night, and how different constellations are visible at different times of year.

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Names of Jesus Advent Calendar FREE Printable - OriginalMOM

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Names of Jesus Advent Calendar FREE Printable - OriginalMOM

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Names of Jesus Advent Calendar FREE Printable - OriginalMOM

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25 Names of Jesus FREE Printable advent calendar. Fun way to count down the Names of Jesus with these free printable advent ornaments!