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Former Empire Theater (Rosa Parks Bus Stop), Montgomery

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December 1, 1955: Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott

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December 1, 1955: Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott

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Rosa Parks made history when she refused to give up her bus seat to a white passenger on Cleveland Avenue. Her arrest sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott, a 381-day protest led by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. This peaceful protest ended bus segregation and launched the modern Civil Rights Movement.

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The Tuskegee Airmen, America's first Black military aviators, trained at Moton Field. These brave pilots fought discrimination at home while serving their country during World War II. Their success helped pave the way for the integration of the U.S. military.

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Freedom Riders, both Black and white, were attacked by an angry mob at the Greyhound Bus Station. These brave activists were testing interstate bus segregation laws. The violence they faced exposed racial injustice to the nation and world.

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September 15, 1963: 16th Street Baptist Church Bombing

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September 15, 1963: 16th Street Baptist Church Bombing

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A tragic bombing at this church killed four young girls: Addie Mae Collins, Denise McNair, Carole Robertson, and Cynthia Wesley. This horrific act of racism shocked the nation and became a turning point in the Civil Rights Movement.

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Rev. Fred Shuttlesworth and Dr. King led massive protests in Birmingham. The campaign included peaceful demonstrations, boycotts, and the famous Children's Crusade. Police Commissioner Bull Connor's violent response with fire hoses and police dogs drew national attention.

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Civil rights marchers, led by John Lewis and Hosea Williams, were brutally attacked by state troopers on the Edmund Pettus Bridge. The violence on 'Bloody Sunday' led to the successful Selma-to-Montgomery march and helped pass the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

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March 25, 1965: Selma-to-Montgomery March End

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March 25, 1965: Selma-to-Montgomery March End

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Dr. King and thousands of marchers completed the 54-mile journey from Selma, arriving at the Alabama State Capitol. The successful march led directly to the passage of the Voting Rights Act, ensuring voting rights for African Americans.

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1956: Formation of Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights

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1956: Formation of Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights

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Rev. Fred Shuttlesworth founded this organization after Alabama banned the NAACP. The ACMHR became crucial in organizing civil rights activities in Birmingham and worked closely with Dr. King's Southern Christian Leadership Conference.

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Freedom Riders National Monument, Gurnee Avenue, Anniston, AL

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Freedom Riders National Monument, Gurnee Avenue, Anniston, AL

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Freedom Riders National Monument, Gurnee Avenue, Anniston, AL

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May 14, 1961 | White Mob Attacks Freedom Riders in Anniston, Alabama

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Learn more about our history of racial injustice.